Direct electrochemistry of glucose oxidase on the hydroxyapatite/Nafion composite film modified electrode and its application for glucose biosensing

Biomedical polymers: synthesis, properties, and applications

Biomedical polymers have been extensively developed for promising applications in a lot of biomedical fields, such as therapeutic medicine delivery, disease detection and diagnosis, biosensing, regenerative medicine, and disease treatment. In this review, we summarize the most recent advances in the synthesis and application of biomedical polymers, and discuss the comprehensive understanding of their property-function relationship for corresponding biomedical applications. In particular, a few burgeoning bioactive polymers, such as peptide/biomembrane/microorganism/cell-based biomedical polymers, are also introduced and highlighted as the emerging biomaterials for cancer precision therapy. Furthermore, the foreseeable challenges and outlook of the development of more efficient, healthier and safer biomedical polymers are discussed. We wish this systemic and comprehensive review on highlighting frontier progress of biomedical polymers could inspire and promote new breakthrough in fundamental research and clinical translation.

A Molecular Interaction Analysis Reveals the Possible Roles of Graphene Oxide in a Glucose Biosensor

In this paper, we report the molecular docking study of graphene oxide and glucose oxidase (GOx) enzyme for a potential glucose biosensing application. The large surface area and good electrical properties have made graphene oxide as one of the best candidates for an enzyme immobilizer and transducer in the biosensing system. Our molecular docking results revealed that graphene oxide plays a role as a GOx enzyme immobilizer in the glucose biosensor system since it can spontaneously bind with GOx at specific regions separated from the active sites of glucose and not interfering or blocking the glucose sensing by GOx in an enzyme-assisted biosensor system. The strongest binding affinity of GOx-graphene oxide interaction is -11.6 kCal/mol and dominated by hydrophobic interaction. Other modes of interactions with a lower binding affinity have shown the existence of some hydrogen bonds (H-bonds). A possibility of direct sensing (interaction) model of glucose by graphene oxide (non-enzymatic sensing mechanism) was also studied in this paper, and showed a possible direct glucose sensing by graphene oxide through the H-bond interaction, even though with a much lower binding affinity of -4.2 kCal/mol. It was also found that in a direct glucose sensing mechanism, the sensing interaction can take place anywhere on the graphene oxide surface with almost similar binding affinity.

Edge-carboxylated graphene anchoring magnetite-hydroxyapatite nanocomposite for an efficient 4-nitrophenol sensor

Surface chemistry and electrochemical properties of ball milled edge-carboxylated graphene anchored with magnetite-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites were studied through the sensitive and selective detection of 4-NP by cyclic voltammetry and differential pulsed voltammetry.

Enzymatic electrochemical glucose biosensors by mesoporous 1D hydroxyapatite-on-2D reduced graphene oxide

A hydrothermally synthesized mesoporous 1D HAp-on-2D RGO sheets exhibiting direct electrochemistry of glucose biosensing.