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Gao X, Overtoom HCG, Eyck BM, Huang SH, Nieboer D, van der Sluis PC, Lagarde SM, Wijnhoven BPL, Chao YK, van Lanschot JJB. Pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma in Eastern versus Western countries: meta-analysis. Br J Surg 2024; 111:znae083. [PMID: 38721902 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znae083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Locally advanced oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma can be treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy or chemotherapy followed by oesophagectomy. Discrepancies in pathological response rates have been reported between studies from Eastern versus Western countries. The aim of this study was to compare the pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in Eastern versus Western countries. METHODS Databases were searched until November 2022 for studies reporting pCR rates after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Multi-level meta-analyses were performed to pool pCR rates separately for cohorts from studies performed in centres in the Sinosphere (East) or in Europe and the Anglosphere (West). RESULTS For neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, 51 Eastern cohorts (5636 patients) and 20 Western cohorts (3039 patients) were included. Studies from Eastern countries included more men, younger patients, more proximal tumours, and more cT4 and cN+ disease. Patients in the West were more often treated with high-dose radiotherapy, whereas patients in the East were more often treated with a platinum + fluoropyrimidine regimen. The pooled pCR rate after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was 31.7% (95% c.i. 29.5% to 34.1%) in Eastern cohorts versus 40.4% (95% c.i. 35.0% to 45.9%) in Western cohorts (fixed-effect P = 0.003). For cohorts with similar cTNM stages, pooled pCR rates for the East and the West were 32.5% and 41.9% respectively (fixed-effect P = 0.003). CONCLUSION The pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy is less favourable in patients treated in Eastern countries compared with Western countries. Despite efforts to investigate accounting factors, the discrepancy in pCR rate cannot be entirely explained by differences in patient, tumour, or treatment characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Gao
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hidde C G Overtoom
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ben M Eyck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Shi-Han Huang
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Daan Nieboer
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sjoerd M Lagarde
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas P L Wijnhoven
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yin-Kai Chao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Liu YW, Lee JY, Wang YK, Chen YH, Fang PT, Chou SH, Chen MH, Bai LY, Yen CJ, Wu MT, Wu IC. Comparison of therapeutic outcomes in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy: A prospective observational cohort study. J Formos Med Assoc 2024; 123:106-115. [PMID: 37385933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2023.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) may not always receive resection despite the possible achievement of a pathologic complete response (pCR) being associated with superior survival benefit. We aimed to compare outcomes among ESCC patients with or without pCR and those refusing surgery. METHODS In total, 111 medically operable, non-cervical ESCC patients after the same protocol of nCRT (platinum/5-fluorouracil plus radiation 50Gy) were prospectively enrolled between 2011 and 2021. Eighty-three of them underwent esophagectomy comprising pCR (n = 32) and non-pCR (n = 51), while 28 operable patients declined surgery (refusal-of-surgery group). Predictors and survival data were analyzed. RESULTS In terms of esophagectomy, 38.5% (32/83) patients achieved pCR. The pCR group exhibited better pretreatment performance status than the non-pCR group (adjusted odds ratio: 0.11, 95% confidence interval: 0.03-0.58; p = 0.01). Among pCR, non-pCR, and refusal-of-surgery groups, the 5-year overall survival (OS) rates were 56%, 29% and 50% (p = 0.08) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 52%, 28% and 36% (p = 0.07) respectively. The pCR group had significantly better OS and PFS than the non-PCR group (adjusted hazard ratio: 2.33 and 1.93, p = 0.02 and 0.049 respectively) but not the refusal-of-surgery group. CONCLUSION Better pretreatment performance status is associated with higher chance of pCR. Consistent with previous studies, we found attainment of pCR confers the best OS and PFS. Suboptimal OS in the refusal-of-surgery group reflects some of them would have residual disease in addition to complete remission. Further studies are needed to identify prognostic factors of pCR to select candidates who could validly decline esophagectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Liu
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ying Lee
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Kuang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsun Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Pen-Tzu Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Shah-Hwa Chou
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- Center of Immuno-Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yuan Bai
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital and China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jui Yen
- Department of Oncology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- PhD Program in Environmental and Occupational Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and National Health Research Institutes, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan; Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Reproducibility of the CROSS Trial Results in the Multimodal Treatment of Esophageal Cancer in Daily Practice: A Single Center Retrospective Observational Study. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:8955720. [PMID: 36755809 PMCID: PMC9902126 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8955720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Background Treatment of nonmetastatic esophageal cancer with curative intention remains a major challenge. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy followed by surgery, as described in the CROSS trial in 2012, has been established as a standard of care. With this retrospective observational study, we aimed to analyze the results of the CROSS regimen in daily practice over the last 10 years at the St. Clara Hospital, a Swiss center for esophageal surgery. Methods To determine the clinical outcome in our daily practice, the medical records of all patients with potentially curable localized esophageal cancer (T1N1 or T2-3N0-1 M0) treated with radiochemotherapy in neoadjuvant intention according to the CROSS regimen were reviewed. The primary endpoint was overall survival. Furthermore, an overall survival analysis of the subgroups of patients who exactly met the inclusion criteria of the CROSS trial with respect to age and weight loss before therapy was performed. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival and compared by the log-rank test. Results From January 2012 to January 2022, 91 patients with T1N1 or T2-3N0-1M0 esophageal cancer underwent neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy according to the CROSS regimen. The median age was 70 years (range 31-86 years), and 26 (29%) patients were over 75 years of age. Weight loss of more than 10% was observed in 23 (25%) patients. 77 (85%) patients underwent esophagectomy, and complete resection (R0) was obtained in 73 (95%) of them. The median overall survival was 41 months, compared to 49.4 months in the CROSS trial. The overall survival rate at 12 months was 85% and at 24 months, it was 68%, very similar to the CROSS trial results. 51% of the patients fully met the inclusion criteria of the CROSS trial with respect to age and pretherapeutic weight loss. Their overall survival rate at 12 months was 94% at St. Clara Hospital versus 82% in the CROSS trial (p=0.04), and at 24 months, 81% versus 67% (p=0.05). Conclusion Overall, in a center specialized for the multimodal treatment of nonmetastatic esophageal cancer, the results of the CROSS trial seem to be well reproducible in daily practice.
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4
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Eyck BM, Gao X, Yang Y, van der Wilk BJ, Wong I, Wijnhoven BPL, Liu J, Lagarde SM, Ka-On L, Hulshof MCCM, Li Z, Law S, Chao YK, van Lanschot JJB. Pathological response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma: multicentre East Asian and Dutch database comparison. Br J Surg 2022; 109:1312-1318. [PMID: 36036665 PMCID: PMC10364703 DOI: 10.1093/bjs/znac314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with different ethnic and genetic backgrounds may respond differently to anticancer therapies. This study aimed to assess whether patients with oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in East Asia had an inferior pathological response compared with patients treated in Northwest Europe. METHODS Patients with OSCC who underwent nCRT according to the CROSS regimen (carboplatin and paclitaxel with concurrent 41.4 Gy radiotherapy) followed by oesophagectomy between June 2012 and April 2020 were identified from East Asian and Dutch databases. The primary outcome was pCR, defined as ypT0 N0. Groups were compared using propensity score matching, adjusting for sex, Charlson Co-morbidity Index score, tumour location, cT and cN categories, interval between nCRT and surgery, and number of resected lymph nodes. RESULTS Of 725 patients identified, 133 remained in each group after matching. A pCR was achieved in 37 patients (27.8 per cent) in the Asian database and 58 (43.6 per cent) in the Dutch database (P = 0.010). The rate of ypT1-4 was higher in Asian than Dutch data (66.2 and 49.6 per cent; P = 0.004). The ypN1-3 rate was 44.4 per cent in the Asian and 33.1 per cent in the Dutch data set. Clear margins were achieved in 92.5 per cent of Asian and 95.5 per cent of Dutch patients. CONCLUSION Regional differences in responses to CROSS nCRT for oesophageal cancer were apparent, the origin of which will need evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben M Eyck
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Xing Gao
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Berend J van der Wilk
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ian Wong
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Bas P L Wijnhoven
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Medical and Radiation Oncology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sjoerd M Lagarde
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lam Ka-On
- Department of Clinical Oncology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Maarten C C M Hulshof
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Centre Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Zhigang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Simon Law
- Department of Surgery, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yin Kai Chao
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Linkou, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - J Jan B van Lanschot
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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5
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Wang Z, Chen X, Li Y, Qin J, Fang Y, Yang Z, Fang Y, Qu D, Zhang R, Zheng Q, Kang X, Xue L, Huang J, Li Y, He J. Phase Ib trial of camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy and apatinib for neoadjuvant treatment of locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER CENTER 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jncc.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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6
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Huang R, Qiu Z, Zheng C, Zeng R, Chen W, Wang S, Li E, Xu Y. Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Esophageal Cancers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:734581. [PMID: 35463306 PMCID: PMC9021527 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.734581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal carcinoma is one of the most aggressive malignant diseases. At present, neoadjuvant chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy are regarded as the standard modalities for the treatments of locally advanced esophageal cancers based on several landmark trials. However, the optimal regimen, radiation dose, and surgical intervals are uncertain and the rate of recurrence after neoadjuvant therapy is high. Patients receiving neoadjuvant therapy and reaching a pathological complete response have been reported to have a better survival benefit and a fewer recurrence risk than those non-pathological complete responses. Nevertheless, less than half of patients will reach a pathological complete response after neoadjuvant therapy, and the methods to evaluate the efficacy after neoadjuvant therapy accurately are limited. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been recommended for the treatments of advanced esophageal cancers. Recently, research has been beginning to evaluate the safety and efficacy of immunotherapy combined with neoadjuvant therapy. Here, we will review and discuss the development of the neoadjuvant therapy of locally advanced esophageal cancers and unsolved clinical problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runkai Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Zhenbin Qiu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Chunwen Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ruijie Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wanxian Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Simeng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Enmin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yiwei Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, the Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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7
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Hsu PK, Chien LI, Huang CS, Yeh YC, Huang PI, Chen MH, Chen SY, Yen CC, Hsu HS. Treatment Patterns and Outcomes in Patients with Esophageal Cancer: An Analysis of a Multidisciplinary Tumor Board Database. Ann Surg Oncol 2021; 29:572-585. [PMID: 34387767 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-021-10568-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidisciplinary management strategies are standard in esophageal cancer. Based on a multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB) database in a high-volume center, we aimed to evaluate real-world treatment patterns and patient outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer. In addition, we determined the impact of MTB discussions on patient prognosis. METHODS Patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer between 2010 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The pattern of treatment modalities and overall survival (OS) of patients with limited, locally advanced, and advanced/metastatic disease were reported. RESULTS Data from 1132 patients, including 247 patients with limited esophageal cancer, 606 patients with locally advanced esophageal cancer, and 279 patients with advanced/metastatic esophageal cancer were included. Upfront surgery was the most common (56.3%) treatment modality for patients with limited esophageal cancer, while treatment for locally advanced esophageal cancer included upfront surgery (19.1%), neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (44.9%), and definitive chemoradiotherapy (36.0%); however, 27.9% of patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy did not receive planned esophagectomy. Definitive chemoradiotherapy was mainly used for patients with locally advanced and advanced/metastatic disease, but had an incompletion rate of 22.0% and 33.7%, respectively. Regarding survival, the 5-year OS rates were 56.4%, 26.3%, and 5.1% in patients with limited, locally advanced, and advanced/metastatic disease, respectively. Additionally, patients whose clinical management was discussed in the MTB had a significantly better 5-year OS rate than the other patients (27.3% vs. 20.5%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS We report the real-world data of treatment patterns and patient outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer with respect to multidisciplinary management, and demonstrate the positive impact of MTB discussions on patient prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Kuei Hsu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ling-I Chien
- Department of Nursing, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Sheng Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Yeh
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pathology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pin-I Huang
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Radiation Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Huang Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yu Chen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chueh-Chuan Yen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Shui Hsu
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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8
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Wujanto C, Tey J, Vellayappan B, So J, Yong WP, Shabbir A, Tseng M, Soon YY, Ho F. Outcomes of oesophageal cancer treated with neoadjuvant compared with
definitive chemoradiotherapy. ANNALS OF THE ACADEMY OF MEDICINE, SINGAPORE 2021. [DOI: 10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2020633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: We report outcomes of patients with oesophageal cancer treated with neoadjuvant
chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) plus surgery or definitive chemoradiotherapy (chemoRT) at our institution.
Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent chemoRT from 2005 to 2017. The
primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Secondary outcomes were disease-free survival (DFS)
and toxicities.
Results: We identified 96 patients with median age of 64 years and squamous cell carcinoma in
82.3%. Twenty-nine patients (30.2%) received NACRT plus surgery, 67 patients (69.8%) received
definitive chemoRT. Median follow-up was 13.5 months. The 3/5-year OS were 26.4%/13.4%,
and 59.6%/51.6% in the definitive chemoRT and NACRT plus surgery groups, respectively. The
3/5-year DFS were 19.3%/12.3%, and 55.7%/37.2% in the definitive chemoRT and NACRT plus
surgery groups, respectively. NACRT plus surgery significantly improved OS (hazard ratio [HR]
0.40, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.22–0.72, P<0.01) and DFS (subhazard ratio [SHR] 5.21, 95
CI 1.20–22.7, P=0.03). Multivariable analysis for OS in the definitive chemoRT group indicated
stage (1–2 vs 3–4a; HR 2.17, 95% CI 1.15–4.11, P=0.02) and feeding tube (no tube versus tube; HR
1.85, 95% CI 1.00–3.43, P=0.05) as significantly associated with OS. The cumulative incidence of local
recurrence was significantly higher in the definitive chemoRT group (SHR 5.21, 95 CI 1.2022.7,
P=0.03). Nineteen patients (65.5%) had postoperative complications.
Conclusion: NACRT plus surgery improved OS and DFS. However, in view of treatment-related
complications, careful selection of patients is warranted. With the predominant histology of our cohort
being squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), our results may be more re levant for those with SCC.
Keywords: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy, oesophageal cancer, surgery
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jeremy Tey
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | | | - Jimmy So
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Francis Ho
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore
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9
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Pucher PH, Wijnhoven BPL, Underwood TJ, Reynolds JV, Davies AR. Thinking through the multimodal treatment of localized oesophageal cancer: the point of view of the surgeon. Curr Opin Oncol 2021; 33:353-361. [PMID: 33966001 DOI: 10.1097/cco.0000000000000751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines current developments and controversies in the multimodal management of oesophageal cancer, with an emphasis on surgical dilemmas and outcomes from the surgeon's perspective. RECENT FINDINGS Despite the advancement of oncological neoadjuvant treatments, there is still no consensus on what regimen is superior. The majority of patients may still fail to respond to neoadjuvant therapy and suffer potential harm without any survival advantage as a result. In patients who do not respond, adjuvant therapy is still often recommended after surgery despite any evidence for its benefit. We examine the implications of different regimens and treatment approaches for both squamous cell cancer and adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus. SUMMARY The efficacy of neoadjuvant treatment is highly variable and likely relates to variability of tumour biology. Ongoing work to identify responders, or optimize treatment on an individual patient, should increase the efficacy of multimodal therapy and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip H Pucher
- Department of Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London
- Department of Surgery, Portsmouth University Hospitals NHS Trust, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Bas P L Wijnhoven
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC-Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timothy J Underwood
- School of Cancer Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK
| | - John V Reynolds
- Department of Surgery, National Oesophageal and Gastric Center, St. James's Hospital and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andrew R Davies
- Department of Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London
- King's College London, London, UK
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10
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Huang W, Liu H, Lv T. Silencing of SETD6 inhibits the tumorigenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma by inhibiting methylation of PAK4 and RelA. Histol Histopathol 2021; 36:229-237. [PMID: 33710605 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most comment types of oral malignancies. SET-domain-containing protein 6 (SETD6) was recently identified as an important regulator of multiple signaling pathways through methylating protein substrates. Meanwhile, SETD6 is known to participate in multiple cancers. However, the role of SETD6 in OSCC remains unclear. METHODS Gene and protein expressions in OSCC cells or tissues were detected by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. In addition, CCK-8 assay was used to test the cell viability. A transwell assay was performed to measure cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was used to test cell apoptosis and cycle. Meanwhile, methylation-specific PCR (MSP) was used to detect the status of promoter methylation. RESULTS SETD6 was significantly upregulated in OSCC tissues. In addition, knockdown of SETD6 notably inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of OSCC cells. Furthermore, silencing of SETD6 notably suppressed the migration and invasion of OSCC cells. Meanwhile, SETD6 siRNA significantly inhibited the promoter methylation of RelA (NF-κB p65) and PAK4. Furthermore, SETD6 siRNA induced G1 arrest in OSCC cells. CONCLUSION Knockdown of SETD6 inhibits the tumorigenesis of OSCC by suppressing promoter methylation of PAK4 and RelA. Therefore, our study might shed new light on exploring strategies for the treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Huang
- Savaid Stomatology School, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongjing Liu
- College of Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tianzhu Lv
- College of Stomatology of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.
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11
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Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy Using Cisplatin and 5-Fluorouracil (PF) Versus Carboplatin and Paclitaxel (CROSS Regimen) for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC): A Propensity Score-matched Study. Ann Surg 2020; 272:779-785. [PMID: 32833766 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study compared the efficacy of PF-based and CROSS-based neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for ESCC. BACKGROUND PF-based regimen has been a standard regimen for ESCC, but it has been replaced by the CROSS regimen in the past few years, despite no prospective head-to-head comparative study has been performed. METHODS This is a single center retrospective study. Records of all ESCC patients who have received neoadjuvant PF with 40 Gy radiotherapy in 20 daily fractions (PFRT Group) or CROSS with 41.4 Gy radiotherapy in 23 daily fractions (CROSS Group) during the period 2002 to 2019 were retrieved. Propensity score matching (1:1) was performed to minimize baseline differences. The primary and secondary endpoints were overall survival and clinicopathological response. Subgroup analysis ("CROSS Eligibility") was performed based on tumor length, cT-stage, cM-stage, age, and performance status. RESULTS One hundred (out of 109) patients (CROSS group) and propensity score matched 100 (out of 210) patients (PFRT group) were included. Esophagectomy rates in CROSS and PFRT group were 69% and 76%, respectively (P = 0.268). R0 resection rates were 85.5% and 81.6% (P = 0.525) and the pathological complete remission rates were 24.6% and 35.5% (P = 0.154). By intention-to-treat, the median survival was 16.7 and 32.7 months (P = 0.083). For "CROSS Eligible subgroup," the median survival of the CROSS and PFRT group was 21.6 versus 44.9 months (P = 0.093). CONCLUSIONS There is no statistically difference in survival or clinicopathological outcome between both groups, but the trend favors PFRT. Prospective head-to-head comparison and novel strategies to improve the outcomes in resectable ESCC are warranted.
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