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Williams AJ, Malewicz JI, Pum JM, Zurakowski D, Day CS. How Did Black and Hispanic Orthopaedic Applicants and Residents Compare to General Surgery Between 2015 and 2022? Clin Orthop Relat Res 2024:00003086-990000000-01560. [PMID: 38578021 DOI: 10.1097/corr.0000000000003069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the heavy demand for and knowledge of the benefits of diversity, there is a persistent lack of racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in orthopaedic surgery. Since the implementation of diversity initiatives, data have shown that general surgery has been one of the top competitive surgical fields and has demonstrated growth in racial, ethnic, and gender diversity, making general surgery a good point of reference and comparison when analyzing racial and ethnic growth in orthopaedic surgery. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES (1) What were the growth rates for Black and Hispanic orthopaedic residency applicants and residents between 2015 and 2022? (2) How did the growth rates of Black and Hispanic individuals in orthopaedic surgery compare with those of general surgery? (3) How did applicant recruitment and resident acceptance differ between Black and Hispanic people in orthopaedic surgery? METHODS Applicant data were obtained from historical specialty-specific data from the Association of American Medical Colleges Electronic Residency Application Service Statistics database between 2018 and 2022, and resident data were obtained from the Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education Data Resource Book between 2015 and 2021. Between 2018 and 2022, the number of residency applicants totaled 216,677, with 17,912 Black residency applicants and 20,413 Hispanic residency applicants. Between 2015 and 2021, the number of active residents totaled 977,877, with 48,600 Black residents and 62,605 Hispanic residents. Because the applicant and resident data do not overlap throughout all years of observation, a sensitivity analysis of overlapping years (between 2018 and 2021) was conducted to ensure observed trends were consistent and valid throughout the study. All datasets obtained were used to establish the different racial and ethnic proportions of Black and Hispanic residency applicants and residents in four nonsurgical primary care specialties and four surgical subspecialties. A reference slope was created using data from the Association of American Medical Colleges and Accreditation Council of Graduate Medical Education to represent the growth rate for total residency applicants and residents, independently, across all residency specialties reported in each database. This slope was used for comparison among the resident and applicant growth rates for all eight selected specialties. Datapoints were placed into a scatterplot with regression lines, using slope equations to depict rate of growth and R2 values to depict linear fit. Applicant growth corresponded to applicant recruitment and resident growth corresponded to resident acceptance. Chi-square tests were used to compare residents and residency applicants for the Black and Hispanic populations, separately. Two-way analysis of variance with a time-by-specialty interaction term (F-test) was conducted to determine differences between growth slopes. RESULTS There was no difference in the growth rate of Black orthopaedic surgery applicants between 2018 and 2022, and there was no difference in the growth rate of Hispanic orthopaedic surgery applicants (R2 = 0.43; p = 0.23 and R2 = 0.63; p = 0.11, respectively). However, there was a very slight increase in the growth rate of Black orthopaedic surgery residents between 2015 and 2021, and a very slight increase in the growth rate of Hispanic orthopaedic surgery residents (R2 = 0.73; p = 0.02 and R2 = 0.79; p = 0.01, respectively). There were no differences in orthopaedic and general surgery rates of growth for Black applicants between 2018 and 2022 (0.004 applicants/year versus -0.001 applicants/year; p = 0.22), and no differences were found in orthopaedic and general surgery rates of growth for Black residents between 2015 and 2021 (0.003 residents/year versus 0.002 residents/year; p = 0.59). Likewise, Hispanic orthopaedic applicant growth rates did not differ between 2018 and 2022 from the rates of general surgery (0.004 applicants/year versus 0.005 applicants/year; p = 0.68), and there were no differences in orthopaedic and general surgery rates of growth for Hispanic residents (0.007 residents/year versus 0.01 residents/year; p = 0.35). Furthermore, growth rate comparisons between Black orthopaedic applicants and residents between 2018 and 2021 showed applicant growth was larger than resident growth, illustrating that the recruitment of Black applicants increased slightly more rapidly than resident acceptance. Growth rate comparisons between Hispanic applicants and residents showed a larger rate of resident growth, illustrating Hispanic resident acceptance increased slightly faster than applicant recruitment during that time. CONCLUSION We found low acceptance of Black residents compared with the higher recruitment of Black applicants, as well as overall low proportions of Black and Hispanic applicants and residents. Future studies might explore the factors contributing to the higher acceptances of Hispanic orthopaedic residents than Black orthopaedic residents. CLINICAL RELEVANCE We recommend that more emphasis should be placed on increasing Black and Hispanic representation at the department level to ensure cultural considerations remain at the forefront of applicant recruitment. Internal or external reviews of residency selection processes should be considered, and more immersive, longitudinal orthopaedic surgery clerkships and research mentorship experiences should be targeted toward Black and Hispanic students. Holistic reviews of applications and selection processes should be implemented to produce an increased racially and ethnically diverse applicant pool and a diverse residency work force, and implicit bias training should be implemented to address potential biases and diversity barriers that are present in residency programs and leadership.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisha J Williams
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Julia I Malewicz
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - John M Pum
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - David Zurakowski
- Director of Biostatistics for Departments of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Charles S Day
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
- Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
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Suhail FK, Luo Y, Williams K, Advani R, Campbell K, Dunleavy K, Rizvi A, Persaud A, Williams RL, Rabinowitz LG. Sex differences impact ergonomic endoscopic training for gastroenterology fellows. Gastrointest Endosc 2024; 99:146-154.e1. [PMID: 37793505 DOI: 10.1016/j.gie.2023.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoscopic-related injuries (ERIs) for gastroenterologists are common and can impact longevity of an endoscopic career. This study examines sex differences in the prevalence of ERIs and ergonomic training during gastroenterology fellowship. METHODS A 56-item anonymous survey was sent to 709 general and advanced endoscopy gastroenterology fellows at 73 U.S. training programs between May and June 2022. Demographic information was collected along with questions related to endoscopic environment, ergonomic instruction, technique, equipment availability, and ergonomic knowledge. Responses of female and male gastroenterology fellows were compared using χ2 and Fisher exact tests. RESULTS Of the 236 respondents (response rate, 33.9%), 113 (44.5%) were women and 123 (52.1%) were men. Female fellows reported on average smaller hand sizes and shorter heights. More female fellows reported endoscopic equipment was not ergonomically optimized for their use. Additionally, more female fellows voiced preference for same-gender teachers and access to dial extenders and well-fitting lead aprons. High rates of postendoscopy pain were reported by both sexes, with significantly more women experiencing neck and shoulder pain. Trainees of both sexes demonstrated poor ergonomic awareness with an average score of 68% on a 5-point knowledge-based assessment. CONCLUSIONS Physical differences exist between male and female trainees, and current endoscopic equipment may not be optimized for smaller hand sizes. This study highlights the urgent need for formal ergonomic training for trainees and trainers with consideration of stature and hand size to enhance safety, comfort, and equity in the training and practice of endoscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima K Suhail
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Yuying Luo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Kevin Williams
- Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rashmi Advani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kirsti Campbell
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katie Dunleavy
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Anam Rizvi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Zucker School of Medicine Hofstra University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alana Persaud
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Renee L Williams
- Division of Gastroenterology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Loren G Rabinowitz
- Department of Medicine and Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Witting C, Knowles JW, DeFaria Yeh D, Beyene TJ, Gummipundi SE, Heidenreich PA, Yong CM. Impact of Virtual Interviewing on Cardiovascular Fellowship Applicant Diversity: Insights From 2 Academic Programs. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e030255. [PMID: 38156448 PMCID: PMC10863819 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.030255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Joshua W. Knowles
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular InstituteStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Stanford Diabetes Research CenterStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Stanford Prevention Research CenterStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | - Doreen DeFaria Yeh
- Cardiovascular Research CenterMass General Research Institute, Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA
| | | | - Santosh E. Gummipundi
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular InstituteStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
| | - Paul A. Heidenreich
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular InstituteStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCAUSA
| | - Celina M. Yong
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Cardiovascular InstituteStanford UniversityStanfordCAUSA
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Healthcare SystemPalo AltoCAUSA
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Nasrullah A, Sharma A, Hamza A, Ramanujam D, Shah S, Virk S, Shah A, Javed A, Garg I, Saa L, Verma A, Faturous A, Assaf S, DiSilvio B, Sheikh AB. Gender differences in pulmonology and critical care authorship and editorial boards. Curr Med Res Opin 2023; 39:375-381. [PMID: 36708311 DOI: 10.1080/03007995.2023.2174329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to characterize the gender distribution of first authors, senior authors, and editorial board members across several high-impact factor journals in PCCM. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we analysed gender disparities in critical care authorship and editorial boards, based on publications from 1 January 2019 to 31 December 2021 from the top 20 high impact journals based on the Journal of Citation Reports. RESULTS Among 20 journals (median impact factor of 6.66), 25% of editors-in-chief and 28.8% of editorial board members were female. From 2019 to 2021, a total of 23,994 articles were published. Female first authors and last authors made up 29.1% and 21.2% of the authorship, respectively (n = 6637 articles). CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrates significant gender disparities in critical care authorship and editorial boards, with males predominantly filling the roles of editors in chief, editorial members, and first and senior authors. Despite this significant difference in gender distribution, there was no statistically significant correlation between authorship and editor gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeel Nasrullah
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Alisha Sharma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Amina Hamza
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Deeksha Ramanujam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sana Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Agha Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shiza Virk
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Aaisha Shah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anam Javed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ishan Garg
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Lisa Saa
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Akanksha Verma
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Andrew Faturous
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Sara Assaf
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Briana DiSilvio
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Allegheny Health Network, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Abu Baker Sheikh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
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Ahuja AS, Polascik BW, Doddapaneni D, Byrnes ES, Sridhar J. The Digital Metaverse: Applications in Artificial Intelligence, Medical Education, and Integrative Health. Integr Med Res 2023; 12:100917. [PMID: 36691642 PMCID: PMC9860100 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2022.100917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Abhimanyu S. Ahuja
- Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States of America
| | - Bryce W. Polascik
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Divyesh Doddapaneni
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Eamonn S. Byrnes
- Department of Internal Medicine, Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jayanth Sridhar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America,Corresponding author at: Jayanth Sridhar, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, 900 NW 17th Street, Miami, FL, 33136.
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O'Conor KJ, Young L, Tomobi O, Golden SH, Samen CDK, Banks MC. Implementing pathways to anesthesiology: Promoting diversity, equity, inclusion, and success. Int Anesthesiol Clin 2023; 61:34-41. [PMID: 36480648 DOI: 10.1097/aia.0000000000000386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie J O'Conor
- Faculty, Chief Diversity & Equity Officer, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Lisa Young
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Oluwakemi Tomobi
- Global Alliance of Perioperative Professionals, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Sherita Hill Golden
- Hugh P. McCormick Family Professor of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Vice President, Chief Diversity Officer, Office of Diversity, Inclusion, and Health Equity, Johns Hopkins Medicine
| | - Christelle D K Samen
- Clinical Fellow, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
| | - Michael C Banks
- Assistant Professor, Vice Chair for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, Assistant Residency Director, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Adjunct Faculty, Johns Hopkins School of Education
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Advani R, Arjonilla M, Guerson A, Taub E, Monzur F. Gender-Specific Attitudes of Internal Medicine Residents Toward Gastroenterology. Dig Dis Sci 2022; 67:5044-5052. [PMID: 35596822 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-022-07541-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Female representation among gastroenterology (GI) fellows has remained around 30%, yet women comprise over 50% of internal medicine (IM) residents. We aim to identify the gender-specific barriers of IM residents toward pursuing GI. METHODS We surveyed IM residents in the Northeast by emailing 168 IM programs a survey link to be distributed to their residents. A 4-point Likert barrier scale and bivariate analysis were performed with "yes" and "no," where "yes" was analyzed as "somewhat of a barrier" and above. Females received a third table assessing female-specific barriers. Significance was set at < 0.05. RESULTS Of 215 survey responses, 56.3% (n = 121) were female. Response rate could not be determined due to resident identity protection and inconsistent responses of survey dissemination from programs. Females had significantly greater concerns about fertility, maternity leave, radiation exposure, work-life balance, stress, and burnout compared to males (p < 0.05). For females, 48.7% felt a lack of gender diversity in GI, 54.6% felt a lack of female GI mentors, and 43.7% felt there is a lack of respect as a female in GI. No gender differences existed in motivation to pursue GI, exposure to GI, and access to GI mentors, or GI-related research. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that female IM trainees had greater concerns surrounding fertility, radiation exposure, and maternity leave compared to male IM trainees. Lack of gender diversity and lack of female GI mentors were noted barriers for female IM trainees. Addressing these barriers may help increase female representation in GI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Advani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook, 101 Nicolls Road, HSC T17-060, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8173, USA.
| | - Marta Arjonilla
- Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, USA
| | - Arcelia Guerson
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook, 101 Nicolls Road, HSC T17-060, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8173, USA
| | - Erin Taub
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stony Brook University Hospital, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, USA
| | - Farah Monzur
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stony Brook University Hospital, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook, 101 Nicolls Road, HSC T17-060, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-8173, USA
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Vallabhajosyula S, Kadavath S, Truesdell AG, Young MN, Batchelor WB, Welt FG, Kirtane AJ, Bortnick AE. It Is Time for Interventional Cardiology Fellowship to Join the National Resident Matching Program. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2022; 15:1762-1767. [PMID: 36075647 PMCID: PMC9812285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2022.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Saraschandra Vallabhajosyula
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Department of Implementation Science, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
| | - Sabeeda Kadavath
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Michael N Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | | | - Frederick G Welt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Ajay J Kirtane
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anna E Bortnick
- Divisions of Cardiology and Geriatrics, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, The Bronx, New York, USA
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Islami F, Guerra CE, Minihan A, Yabroff KR, Fedewa SA, Sloan K, Wiedt TL, Thomson B, Siegel RL, Nargis N, Winn RA, Lacasse L, Makaroff L, Daniels EC, Patel AV, Cance WG, Jemal A. American Cancer Society's report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2021. CA Cancer J Clin 2022; 72:112-143. [PMID: 34878180 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this report, the authors provide comprehensive and up-to-date US data on disparities in cancer occurrence, major risk factors, and access to and utilization of preventive measures and screening by sociodemographic characteristics. They also review programs and resources that have reduced cancer disparities and provide policy recommendations to further mitigate these inequalities. The overall cancer death rate is 19% higher among Black males than among White males. Black females also have a 12% higher overall cancer death rate than their White counterparts despite having an 8% lower incidence rate. There are also substantial variations in death rates for specific cancer types and in stage at diagnosis, survival, exposure to risk factors, and receipt of preventive measures and screening by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geographic location. For example, kidney cancer death rates by sex among American Indian/Alaska Native people are ≥64% higher than the corresponding rates in each of the other racial/ethnic groups, and the 5-year relative survival for all cancers combined is 14% lower among residents of poorer counties than among residents of more affluent counties. Broad and equitable implementation of evidence-based interventions, such as increasing health insurance coverage through Medicaid expansion or other initiatives, could substantially reduce cancer disparities. However, progress will require not only equitable local, state, and federal policies but also broad interdisciplinary engagement to elevate and address fundamental social inequities and longstanding systemic racism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Islami
- Cancer Disparity Research, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Carmen E Guerra
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adair Minihan
- Screening and Risk Factors Research, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - K Robin Yabroff
- Health Services Research, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Stacey A Fedewa
- Screening and Risk Factors Research, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Kirsten Sloan
- Public Policy, American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Tracy L Wiedt
- Health Equity, Prevention and Early Detection, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Blake Thomson
- Cancer Disparity Research, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Rebecca L Siegel
- Surveillance Research, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Nigar Nargis
- Tobacco Control Research, Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Robert A Winn
- Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Lisa Lacasse
- American Cancer Society Cancer Action Network, Washington, District of Columbia
| | - Laura Makaroff
- Prevention and Early Detection, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Elvan C Daniels
- Extramural Discovery Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Alpa V Patel
- Department of Population Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - William G Cance
- Office of the Chief Medical and Scientific Officer, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ahmedin Jemal
- Department of Surveillance and Health Equity Science, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia
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American Contact Dermatitis Society Position Statement: Dermatitis and Skin of Color. Dermatitis 2022; 33:3-9. [PMID: 35029346 DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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