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Tung LF, Shen SY, Shih HH, Chen YT, Yen CT, Ho SC. Effect of high-flow nasal therapy during early pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with severe AECOPD: a randomized controlled study. Respir Res 2020; 21:84. [PMID: 32293463 PMCID: PMC7158083 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-1328-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is airway inflammation characterized and low daily physical activity. Most pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) programs are often provided to stable patients, but fewer training programs are specific for hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation (AE). Patients with AECOPD experience increased dyspnea sensations and systemic inflammation during exercise training. High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) reduces the minute volume, lowers the respiratory rate, and decreases the work of breathing. However, it is not clear whether HFNT is efficient during exercise training. In this study, we investigated the effects of HFNT during exercise training in an early PR program among hospitalized patients with severe AECOPD. Methods We enrolled COPD patients hospitalized due to AE. They were randomized into two groups according to their status into HFNT PR and non-HFNT PR groups. This study collected basic data, and also assessed a pulmonary function test, 6-min walking test, blood inflammatory biomarkers, and arterial gas analysis at the baseline, and at 4 and 12 weeks of the intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Result We recruited 44 AECOPD patients who completed the 12-week PR program. The HFNT PR program produced significant improvements in exercise tolerance as assessed by the 6-min walking distance (6MWD), reduced dyspnea sensations in the modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), and decreased systemic inflammation as evidenced by the a lower C-reactive protein (CRP) level. A reduction in the length of hospitalization was achieved with PR in the 1-year follow-up in the two groups. The HFNT PR group showed better trends of reduced air trapping in the delta inspiration capacity (IC) and an increased quality of life according to the COPD assessment test (CAT) than did the non-HFNT PR group. Conclusions HFNT during exercise training in early PR increases exercise tolerance and reduces systemic inflammation in hospitalized patients with severe AECOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Fang Tung
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Yeh Shen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Hsuan Shih
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Ting Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Te Yen
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chuan Ho
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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2
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Wouters EF, Posthuma R, Koopman M, Liu WY, Sillen MJ, Hajian B, Sastry M, Spruit MA, Franssen FM. An update on pulmonary rehabilitation techniques for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2020; 14:149-161. [PMID: 31931636 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2020.1700796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is one of the core components in the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In order to achieve the maximal level of independence, autonomy, and functioning of the patient, targeted therapies and interventions based on the identification of physical, emotional and social traits need to be provided by a dedicated, interdisciplinary PR team.Areas covered: The review discusses cardiopulmonary exercise testing in the selection of different modes of training modalities. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation as well as gait assessment and training are discussed as well as add-on therapies as oxygen, noninvasive ventilator support or endoscopic lung volume reduction in selected patients. The potentials of pulsed inhaled nitric oxide in patients with underlying pulmonary hypertension is explored as well as nutritional support. The impact of sleep quality on outcomes of PR is reviewed.Expert opinion: Individualized, comprehensive intervention based on thorough assessment of physical, emotional, and social traits in COPD patients forms a continuous challenge for health-care professionals and PR organizations in order to dynamically implement and adapt these strategies based on dynamic, more optimal understanding of underlying pathophysiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emiel Fm Wouters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands.,CIRO+, center of expertise for chronic organ failure, Horn, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Rein Posthuma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands.,CIRO+, center of expertise for chronic organ failure, Horn, The Netherlands
| | - Maud Koopman
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wai-Yan Liu
- CIRO+, center of expertise for chronic organ failure, Horn, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Maurice J Sillen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands
| | - Bita Hajian
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands
| | - Manu Sastry
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands.,CIRO+, center of expertise for chronic organ failure, Horn, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frits M Franssen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center+, The Netherlands.,CIRO+, center of expertise for chronic organ failure, Horn, The Netherlands.,NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center Maastricht, The Netherlands
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3
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Zheng W, Li M, Hong Y, Xie F, Yan Q, Peng Z, Huang H, Liao H, Liu X. Traditional Chinese exercise (TCE) on pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16299. [PMID: 31277166 PMCID: PMC6635256 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has the characteristics of high incidence, mortality, disability rate, and heavy economic burden. Symptomatic measures such as anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic and anti-asthmatic are widely used in the treatment of COPD, and pulmonary rehabilitation has not been fully utilized. It is reported that up to 10 different kinds of Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) are often used for treating stable COPD. There are many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews that have evaluated the efficacy of various TCEs for COPD. However, most of these studies were designed in comparison with conventional western medicine or health education. There are rarely studies to compare different TCEs head to head. Therefore, there remains uncertainty regarding the comparative efficacy among different TCEs. Thus, we plan to conduct a systematic review and Network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare the efficacy among 5 different TCEs and rank their benefits relative to each other. It is hoped that the findings of this study will facilitate the management and application of TCEs in the treatment of COPD. METHODS A systematic and comprehensive literature search will be performed from inception to April 2019 in both English and Chinese databases, involving Medline, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Wanfang Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, and Chongqing VIP information. RCTs related to TCE in the treatment of COPD will be included. Quality of included trials will be assessed according to the risk of bias tool of Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0. The GRADE approach will be used to rate the certainty of the evidence of estimates derived from NMA. Data analysis will be conducted by using STATA 14.0. RESULTS This systematic review and NMA aims to summarize the direct and indirect evidence for different kinds of TCEs and to rank these TCEs. The findings of this NMA will be reported according to the PRISMA-NMA statement. The results of the NMA will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal once completed. CONCLUSION Using NMA, this study will provide an evidence profile which will be helpful to inform the selection of TCE for treating patients with COPD. The results will inform clinicians, bridge the evidence gaps, and identify promising TCE for future trials. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD 42019132970.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Meichen Li
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yu Hong
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fuqi Xie
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Qian Yan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine
| | | | - Huiting Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huili Liao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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4
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Crisafulli E, Barbeta E, Ielpo A, Torres A. Management of severe acute exacerbations of COPD: an updated narrative review. Multidiscip Respir Med 2018; 13:36. [PMID: 30302247 PMCID: PMC6167788 DOI: 10.1186/s40248-018-0149-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may experience an acute worsening of respiratory symptoms that results in additional therapy; this event is defined as a COPD exacerbation (AECOPD). Hospitalization for AECOPD is accompanied by a rapid decline in health status with a high risk of mortality or other negative outcomes such as need for endotracheal intubation or intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Treatments for AECOPD aim to minimize the negative impact of the current exacerbation and to prevent subsequent events, such as relapse or readmission to hospital. Main body In this narrative review, we update the scientific evidence about the in-hospital pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments used in the management of a severe AECOPD. We review inhaled bronchodilators, steroids, and antibiotics for the pharmacological approach, and oxygen, high flow nasal cannulae (HFNC) oxygen therapy, non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) and pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) as non-pharmacological treatments. We also review some studies of non-conventional drugs that have been proposed for severe AECOPD. Conclusion Several treatments exist for severe AECOPD patients requiring hospitalization. Some treatments such as steroids and NIMV (in patients admitted with a hypercapnic acute respiratory failure and respiratory acidosis) are supported by strong evidence of their efficacy. HFNC oxygen therapy needs further prospective studies. Although antibiotics are preferred in ICU patients, there is a lack of evidence regarding the preferred drugs and optimal duration of treatment for non-ICU patients. Early rehabilitation, if associated with standard treatment of patients, is recommended due to its feasibility and safety. There are currently few promising new drugs or new applications of existing drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Crisafulli
- 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Enric Barbeta
- 2Pneumology Department, Clinic Institute of Thorax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonella Ielpo
- 1Department of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Disease and Lung Function Unit, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Antoni Torres
- 2Pneumology Department, Clinic Institute of Thorax, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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5
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Vanfleteren MJ, Koopman M, Spruit MA, Pennings HJ, Smeenk F, Pieters W, van den Bergh JJ, Michels AJ, Wouters EF, Groenen MT, Franssen FM, Vanfleteren LE. Effectiveness of Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Different Degrees of Static Lung Hyperinflation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2018; 99:2279-2286.e3. [PMID: 29906421 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on exercise performance and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with different degrees of static lung hyperinflation (LH). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SETTING PR network. PARTICIPANTS A cohort of 1981 patients with COPD (55% men; age: 66.8±9.3y; forced expiratory volume in the first second%: 50.7±19.5; residual volume [RV]%: 163.0±49.7). INTERVENTION An interdisciplinary PR program for patients with COPD consisting of 40 sessions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Participants were stratified into 5 quintiles according to baseline RV and were evaluated on the basis of pre- and post-PR 6-minute walk distance (6MWD), constant work rate test (CWRT), and Saint George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), among other clinical parameters. RESULTS With increasing RV quintile, patients were younger, more frequently women, had lower forced expiratory volume in the first second%, lower body mass index and fat-free mass index, shorter 6MWD, shorter CWRT, and worse SGRQ scores (P<.01). All RV strata improved after PR in all 3 outcomes (P<.001). Nevertheless, higher, compared to lower RV categories, had lower ΔCWRT (P<.01) but similar Δ6MWD (P=.948) and ΔSGRQ (P=.086) after PR. CONCLUSIONS LH in COPD is related to younger age, female sex, lower body weight, worse exercise capacity and health status, but did not prevent patients from benefitting from PR. LH, however, influences walking and cycling response after PR differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel J Vanfleteren
- Department of Research and Education, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure (CIRO), Horn, the Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| | - Maud Koopman
- Department of Research and Education, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure (CIRO), Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Martijn A Spruit
- Department of Research and Education, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure (CIRO), Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Herman-Jan Pennings
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Laurentius Hospital, Roermond, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Smeenk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Catharina Hospital, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Willem Pieters
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Elkerliek Hospital, Helmond, the Netherlands
| | - Jan J van den Bergh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St. Jans Gasthuis, Weert, the Netherlands
| | - Arent-Jan Michels
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, St Anna Hospital, Geldrop, the Netherlands
| | - Emiel F Wouters
- Department of Research and Education, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure (CIRO), Horn, the Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Miriam T Groenen
- Department of Research and Education, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure (CIRO), Horn, the Netherlands
| | - Frits M Franssen
- Department of Research and Education, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure (CIRO), Horn, the Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Lowie E Vanfleteren
- Department of Research and Education, Center of Expertise for Chronic Organ Failure (CIRO), Horn, the Netherlands; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC+), Maastricht, the Netherlands; COPD Center, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
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6
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Abstract
Pheno-/endotyping chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is really important because it provides patients with precise and personalized medicine. The central concept of precision medicine is to take individual variability into account when making management decisions. Precision medicine should ensure that patients get the right treatment at the right dose at the right time, with minimum harmful consequences and maximum efficacy. Ideally, we should search for genetic and molecular biomarker-based profiles. Given the clinical complexity of COPD, it seems likely that a panel of several biomarkers will be required to characterize pathogenetic factors and their course over time. The need for biomarkers to guide the clinical care of individuals with COPD and to enhance the possibilities of success in drug development is clear and urgent, but biomarker development is tremendously challenging and expensive, and translation of research efforts to date has been largely ineffective. Furthermore, the development of personalized treatments will require a much more detailed understanding of the clinical and biological heterogeneity of COPD. Therefore, we are still far from being able to apply precision medicine in COPD and the treatable traits and FEV1-free approaches are attempts to precision medicine in COPD that must be considered still quite unsophisticated.
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7
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Mohammed J, Derom E, Van Oosterwijck J, Da Silva H, Calders P. Evidence for aerobic exercise training on the autonomic function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): a systematic review. Physiotherapy 2018; 104:36-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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8
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Cazzola M, Rogliani P, Puxeddu E, Ora J, Matera MG. An overview of the current management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: can we go beyond the GOLD recommendations? Expert Rev Respir Med 2017; 12:43-54. [DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2018.1398086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Cazzola
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Rogliani
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Ermanno Puxeddu
- Department of Systems Medicine, Chair of Respiratory Medicine, University of Rome “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Josuel Ora
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Gabriella Matera
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Unit of Pharmacology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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9
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Zhang HL, Li JS, Yu XQ, Li SY, Halmurat U, Xie Y, Wang YF, Li FS, Wang MH. An evaluation of activity tolerance, patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction with the effectiveness of pulmonary daoyin on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:2333-2342. [PMID: 28831250 PMCID: PMC5552142 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s117461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Pulmonary Daoyin (PD) (evolved from ancient Chinese daoyin skills), is a rehabilitation technology that combines specially designed movements of the arms and body and controlled breathing exercises, to improve the physiological and psychological status of patients with chronic respiratory disease. Pulmonary rehabilitation is effective for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and the efficacy of PD is unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of a PD program in enhancing activity tolerance, patient-reported outcomes and satisfaction with the effectiveness on patients with COPD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The multi-center, randomized controlled trial was conducted from November 2011 to June 2012 in local communities in cities of the 11 research centers in China. It included COPD patients (moderate to very severe) who were recruited from an outpatient clinic. A randomized controlled study included 464 COPD patients who were randomly allocated either to the PD group, participating in a 3-month, ten times-weekly supervised PD-based pulmonary rehabilitation program, or to a control group continuing with regular medical treatment alone. Data were gathered using the 6-minute walking distance (6MWD) test, COPD patient-reported outcomes (COPD-PRO) and Effectiveness Satisfaction Questionnaire for COPD (ESQ-COPD), which was filled out at baseline and 3 months post-intervention. SAS 9.2 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Of the 464 patients in the study, 461 were included in the full analysis set (FAS); 429 were in the per-protocol analysis set (PPS). After 3-month intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups in 6MWD (FAS; P=0.049; PPS; P=0.041), total score and all domains of COPD-PRO (FAS; P=0.014; PPS; P=0.003) and ESQ-COPD (FAS; P=0.038; PPS; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The PD program was able to improve the activity tolerance level and satisfaction of COPD patients because of its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Long Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Sheng Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,The Geriatric Department, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qing Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Yun Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Upur Halmurat
- Department of Traditional Uygur Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Fang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng-Sen Li
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Physiology and Pathology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital affiliated with Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Hang Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment and Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China.,Department of Respiratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China
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10
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Santus P, Radovanovic D, Balzano G, Pecchiari M, Raccanelli R, Sarno N, Di Marco F, Jones PW, Carone M. Improvements in Lung Diffusion Capacity following Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COPD with and without Ventilation Inhomogeneity. Respiration 2016; 92:295-307. [PMID: 27598467 DOI: 10.1159/000448847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung diffusing capacity (DLCO) and lung volume distribution predict exercise performance and are altered in COPD patients. If pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) can modify DLCO parameters is unknown. OBJECTIVES To investigate changes in DLCO and ventilation inhomogeneity following a PR program and their relation with functional outcomes in patients with COPD. METHODS This was a prospective, observational, multicentric study. Patients were evaluated before and after a standardized 3-week PR program. Functional assessment included body plethysmography, DLCO, transfer factor (KCO) and alveolar volume (VA), gas exchange, the 6-min walking test (6MWT) and exercise-related dyspnea. Patients were categorized according to the severity of airflow limitation and presence of ventilation inhomogeneity, identified by a VA/TLC <0.8. RESULTS Two hundred and fifty patients completed the study. Baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted (mean ± SD) was 50.5 ± 20.1 (76% males); 137 patients had a severe disease. General study population showed improvements in 6MWT (38 ± 55 m; p < 0.01), DLCO (0.12 ± 0.63 mmol × min-1 kPa-1; p < 0.01), lung function and dyspnea. Comparable improvements in DLCO were observed regardless of the severity of disease and the presence of ventilation inhomogeneity. While patients with VA/TLC <0.8 improved the DLCO increasing their VA (177 ± 69 ml; p < 0.01), patients with VA/TLC >0.8 improved their KCO (8.1 ± 2.8%; p = 0.019). The latter had also better baseline lung function and higher improvements in 6MWT (14.6 ± 6.7 vs. 9.0 ± 1.8%; p = 0.015). Lower DLCO at baseline was associated with lower improvements in 6MWT, the greatest difference being between subjects with very severe and mild DLCO impairment (2.7 ± 7.4 vs. 14 ± 2%; p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS In COPD patients undergoing a PR program, different pathophysiological mechanisms may drive improvements in DLCO, while ventilation inhomogeneity may limit improvements in exercise tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierachille Santus
- Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Pulmonary Rehabilitation Unit, Fondazione Salvatore Maugeri, IRCCS - Scientific Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy
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11
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Segreti A, Stirpe E, Rogliani P, Cazzola M. Defining phenotypes in COPD: an aid to personalized healthcare. Mol Diagn Ther 2015; 18:381-8. [PMID: 24781789 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-014-0100-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is based on a post-bronchodilator fixed forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) <70 % ratio and the presence of symptoms such as shortness of breath and productive cough. Despite the simplicity in making a diagnosis of COPD, this morbid condition is very heterogeneous, and at least three different phenotypes can be recognized: the exacerbator, the emphysema-hyperinflation and the overlap COPD-asthma. These subgroups show different clinical and radiological features. It has been speculated that there is an enormous variability in the response to drugs among the COPD phenotypes, and it is expected that subjects with the same phenotype will have a similar response to each specific treatment. We believe that phenotyping COPD patients would be very useful to predict the response to a treatment and the progression of the disease. This personalized approach allows identification of the right treatment for each COPD patient, and at the same time, leads to improvement in the effectiveness of therapies, avoidance of treatments not indicated, and reduction in the onset of adverse effects. The objective of the present review is to report the current knowledge about different COPD phenotypes, focusing on specific treatments for each subgroup. However, at present, COPD phenotypes have not been studied by randomized clinical trials and therefore we hope that well designed studies will focus on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Segreti
- Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Department of System Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier 1, 00131, Rome, Italy
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12
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Ambrosino N, Venturelli E, de Blasio F, Paggiaro P, Pasqua F, Vitacca M, Vagheggini G, Clini EM. A prospective multicentric study of pulmonary rehabilitation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and different clinical phenotypes. Respiration 2015; 89:141-7. [PMID: 25634602 DOI: 10.1159/000371471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, it has been proposed that different clinical phenotypes can be recognized in patients with chronic obstructive disease (COPD), namely predominant airway disease or parenchymal destructive changes. OBJECTIVES The aim of this prospective multicenter study was to evaluate whether these two phenotypes may influence outcomes following a pulmonary rehabilitation program (PRP). METHODS We have prospectively evaluated 364 consecutive COPD patients (70 ± 8 years, 76.3% males) admitted to a standard hospital-based PRP in 6 Italian centers. According to their phenotype, the study cohort was divided into two groups: patients with airway obstructive (group 1, n = 208) or parenchymal destructive COPD (group 2, n = 156). Before and after PRP, values of 6-min walking distance, perceived breathlessness (Medical Research Council), health-related quality of life (St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire) and respiratory muscle function (maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressure) were recorded. RESULTS PRP resulted in significant improvements in all outcome measures without any significant differences between groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms that COPD patients may benefit from pulmonary rehabilitation independent of their clinical phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolino Ambrosino
- Weaning and Rehabilitation Unit, Auxilium Vitae Rehabilitation Center, Volterra, Italy
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Wu W, Liu X, Wang L, Wang Z, Hu J, Yan J. Effects of Tai Chi on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2014; 9:1253-63. [PMID: 25404855 PMCID: PMC4230171 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s70862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tai Chi is a traditional Chinese mind-body exercise that has been widely practiced in the People's Republic of China for many centuries. This exercise has also been applied as a training modality in pulmonary rehabilitation programs for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the effects of Tai Chi on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in COPD patients. METHODS Electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, ClinicalTrials.gov, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and China Biology Medicine disc) were searched. Entries published from January 1980 to March 2014 were included in the search. Eligible studies included those that involved randomized controlled trials and those that lasted for at least 12 weeks. The primary outcome measures were six-minute walking distance (6 MWD), St George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), and Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRQ). Effect estimates were pooled with random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS Eleven articles involving 824 patients met the inclusion criteria. All included articles compared COPD patients in a Tai Chi group versus COPD patients in nonexercise and/or physical exercise groups. The meta-analysis showed that compared with the nonexercise group, the COPD patients practicing Tai Chi demonstrated significantly enhanced 6 MWD (mean difference 35.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 15.63-56.35, P=0.0005), decreased SGRQ total score (mean difference -10.02, 95% CI -17.59, -2.45, P=0.009), and increased CRQ total score (mean difference 0.95, 95% CI 0.22-1.67, P=0.01). Compared with the physical exercise group, the Tai Chi group showed significantly reduced SGRQ total score (mean difference -3.52, 95% CI -6.07, -0.97, P=0.007), but no statistical significance was found for 6 MWD between the two groups (mean difference 13.65, 95% CI -1.06, 28.37, P=0.07) in COPD patients. CONCLUSION Preliminary evidence suggests that Tai Chi has beneficial effects on exercise capacity and HRQoL in COPD patients. This exercise can be recommended as an effective alternative training modality in pulmonary rehabilitation programs. Further studies are required to support the preliminary evidence and to observe the long-term effects of Tai Chi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weibing Wu
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Longbing Wang
- Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenwei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Hu
- School of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juntao Yan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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