Iron deficiency anemia and bleeding management in pediatric patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome and Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: A single-institution analysis.
Haemophilia 2022;
28:633-641. [PMID:
35412688 PMCID:
PMC9810257 DOI:
10.1111/hae.14559]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Frequent and severe bleeding events (SBE) in patients with inherited qualitative platelet disorders Bernard-Soulier Syndrome (BSS) and Glanzmann Thrombasthenia (GT) can lead to secondary iron deficiency anemia (IDA). SBE are primarily treated with platelet transfusions or recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) infusions. The impact of IDA on bleeding management and disease outcomes is understudied.
AIM
To evaluate bleeding management, outcomes, and any association with IDA in pediatric patients with BSS and GT.
METHODS
Retrospective chart-review of pediatric patients with BSS or GT followed at a single hemophilia treatment center between 2007 and 2019.
RESULTS
We identified 14 patients with BSS (n = 2) or GT (n = 12). Patients received rFVIIa (7%), platelet transfusions (7%), or a combination of both (57%) for SBE. Eleven patients (79%) had IDA requiring oral and/or intravenous iron replacement and 50% required red blood cell transfusions. Due to recurrent SBE and refractory IDA, three patients (21%) received rFVIIa prophylaxis at 90 μg/kilogram 2-3 times/week for ≥15 months. Patients initiated on rFVIIa prophylaxis had a median baseline hemoglobin of 9.8 g/dL (min-max: 8.0-10.7 g/dL) compared to 11.7 g/dL (8.4-13.8 g/dL) for patients treated on-demand. Following initiation of rFVIIa prophylaxis, median hemoglobin and ferritin increased by 1.3 g/dL (0.7-2.5 g/dL) and 14.6 ng/mL (0.2-42.9 ng/mL), respectively, and bleeding rates were reduced by 7-78%.
CONCLUSION
IDA is a known complication of recurrent bleeding events in individuals with inherited bleeding disorders. Routine monitoring for IDA may help improve bleeding management and reduce bleed burden in BSS/GT.
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