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Bae KR, So WY, Lee SJ. Health Behaviors of Cancer Survivors According to the Employment Status and Occupation: A Cross-Sectional Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2974. [PMID: 37998467 PMCID: PMC10671823 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11222974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify differences in health behaviors according to the employment status and occupation of cancer survivors, as well as to identify risk factors. Using data from the Korea National and Health Nutrition Examination Survey (2008-2018), 1023 cancer survivors aged 19-60 years were classified based on their employment status and occupation, and their health behaviors were comparatively assessed. To investigate the impact of occupational status on the health behaviors of cancer survivors, we performed multivariate adjusted logistic regression analysis. Five hundred fifty-six (54.3%) cancer survivors were engaged in economic activities. After adjusting for various factors, white- and blue-collar workers exhibited an increased risk of obesity. The blue-collar group had a 1.45 times higher risk of non-practice with cancer screening, while the white-collar group had a 0.50 times lower risk of non-practice with health screening. The results provide evidence of the need to support cancer survivors in practicing healthy behaviors according to their employment status and occupation. As cancer survivors' economic activities increase, it is necessary to help them manage their health by predicting any possible health-behavior failures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Ryeong Bae
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea;
| | - Wi-Young So
- Sport Medicine Major, College of Humanities and Arts, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju-si 27469, Republic of Korea;
| | - Su Jung Lee
- School of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
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2
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Özer Güçlüel Y, Can G. Evaluation of job stress and quality of life in individuals returning to work after cancer treatment. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2023; 66:102381. [PMID: 37611501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2023.102381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of work life on work stress and quality of life in cancer patients returning to work after treatment. METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2021 and June 2021 with 302 cancer patients who ad registered at the oncology outpatient clinic of a university hospital and had started or continued work after treatment. Data were collected using a personal information questionnaire, the Perceived Work Stress Scale, and the EORTC QLQ-C30. Results with p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. RESULTS The mean age of the patients was 44.97 ± 10.08 years. They were predominantly women, had a diagnosis of breast cancer, and had received chemotherapy. The patients' perceived work stress score was 2.10 ± 0.68 (level D) and the EORTC QLQ-C30 score was 65.95 ± 20.11. Women, participants who were worried about their jobs, those who worked >36 months after cancer treatment, public and private sector workers, those who considered leaving their jobs after cancer treatment, and those who considered changing jobs had higher work stress scores. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that perceived work stress negatively affects the quality of life in individuals returning to work after cancer treatment. Therefore, individuals should be supported in returning to work and subsequent phases, and future should focus on the concepts of rehabilitation and return to work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Özer Güçlüel
- Haliç University School of Nursing, Internal Medicine Nursing, Alibeyköy, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Gülbeyaz Can
- İstanbul University -Cerrahpaşa Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Internal Medicine Nursing, Abide-i Hürriyet Cad., Çağlayan, İstanbul, Turkey.
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Désiron H, Simons B, Spooren A, Camut S, Van de Velde D, Otte T, Brunois T, Van Kelst K, Godderis L. Practice-Based Evidence to Support Return to Work in Cancer Patients. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 3:819369. [PMID: 36189048 PMCID: PMC9397919 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2022.819369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundInternational research emphasizes the importance of providing early, hospital-based support in return to work (RTW) for cancer patients. Even though oncology health professionals are aware of the scientific evidence, it remains unclear whether they implement this knowledge in current practice. This paper presents the knowledge and viewpoints of health care professionals (HCPs) on their potential role in their patients' RTW process.MethodsSemi-structured interviews with oncology HCPs were used to describe current practice. Results of these interviews served as input for focus group discussions with managers in oncology hospitals, which led to an agreement on of best practice.ResultsThis research had the participation of 75% of Belgian institutions involved in oncology health care services. Five themes were identified that influence care providers and staff to implement scientific evidence on RTW in cancer patients: (1) Opinions on the role that care institutions can take in RTW support; (2) Current content of RTW support during oncology care; (3) Scientific bases; (4) Barriers and success factors; and (5) Legislation and regulations. The key elements of the best practice included a generic approach adapted to the needs of the cancer patient supported by a RTW coordinator.ConclusionsHealth care providers include RTW support in their current care, but in very varied ways. They follow a process that starts with setting the indication (meaning the identification of patients for whom the provision of work-related care would be useful) and ends with a clear objective agreed upon by HCPs and the patient. We recommend that specific points of interest be included in regulation at both the patient and hospital levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huget Désiron
- CEO ACT-Desiron BV, Hasselt, Belgium
- Research Group Environment and Health, Department Public Health and Primary Care KU Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
- Research Group Innovation in Health Care, University College PXL, Hasselt, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Huget Désiron
| | | | - Annemie Spooren
- Research Group Innovation in Health Care, University College PXL, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Camut
- Collège d'Ergothérapie de Bruxelles (CEBxl), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Dominique Van de Velde
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department Occupational Therapy, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Otte
- Service Research and Quality, National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Théo Brunois
- Service Research and Quality, National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kirsten Van Kelst
- Service Research and Quality, National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lode Godderis
- Research Group Innovation in Health Care, University College PXL, Hasselt, Belgium
- CEO IDEWE, Leuven, Belgium
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4
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van Gennep S, de Boer NKH, Gielen ME, Rietdijk ST, Gecse KB, Ponsioen CY, Duijvestein M, D'Haens GR, Löwenberg M, de Boer AGEM. Impaired Quality of Working Life in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients. Dig Dis Sci 2021; 66:2916-2924. [PMID: 33063191 PMCID: PMC8379106 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06647-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related aspects are important determinants of health for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. AIMS We aimed to describe quality of working life (QWL) in IBD patients and to assess variables that are associated with QWL. METHODS Employed IBD patients of two tertiary and two secondary referral hospitals were included. QWL (range 0-100) was measured using the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire (QWLQ). Work productivity (WP), fatigue, and health-related quality of life (HRQL) were assessed using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment questionnaire, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, and Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire, respectively. Active disease was defined as a score > 4 for the patient-reported Harvey-Bradshaw index in Crohn's disease (CD) or Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index in ulcerative colitis patients. RESULTS In total, 510 IBD patients were included (59% female, 53% CD, mean age 43 (SD 12) years). The mean QWLQ score was 78 (SD 11). The lowest subscore (54 (SD 26)) was observed for "problems due to the health situation": 63% reported fatigue-related problems at work, 48% agreed being hampered at work, 46% had limited confidence in their body, and 48% felt insecure about the future due to their health situation. Intermediate/strong associations were found between QWL and fatigue (r = - 0.543, p < 0.001), HRQL (r = 0.527, p < 0.001), WP loss (r = - 0.453, p < 0.001) and disease activity (r = - 0.331, p < 0.001). Independent predictors of impaired QWL in hierarchical regression analyses were fatigue (B = - 0.204, p < 0.001), WP loss (B = - 0.070, p < 0.001), and impaired HRQL (B = 0.248, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS IBD-related problems at work negatively influence QWL. Fatigue, reduced HRQL, and WP loss were independent predictors of impaired QWL in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara van Gennep
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Nanne K H de Boer
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marieke E Gielen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amstelland Ziekenhuis, Amstelveen, The Netherlands
| | - Svend T Rietdijk
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Krisztina B Gecse
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cyriel Y Ponsioen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolijn Duijvestein
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geert R D'Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark Löwenberg
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela G E M de Boer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Bosma AL, Ouwerkerk W, Günal M, Hyseni AM, Arents BWM, Gerbens LAA, Middelkamp‐Hup MA, de Boer AGEM, Spuls PI. Work ability and quality of working life in atopic dermatitis patients treated with dupilumab. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1305-1314. [PMID: 34013539 PMCID: PMC8453967 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis is associated with work productivity loss. Little is known about how patients perceive their work ability and quality of working life, and how this is affected by treatment. Our primary objective was to investigate work ability and quality of working life at baseline and during treatment in the long term. A registry-embedded prospective observational cohort study was conducted consisting of patients with atopic dermatitis starting dupilumab in routine clinical care. The instruments used were the Work Ability Index (WAI; questions 1, 2, and 3) and the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire (QWLQ). Ninety-three patients were included of whom 72 were (self-)employed (77%). From baseline to 48 weeks, the mean WAI-1 score (general work ability, range 0-10) improved from 6.8 (±2.0) to 7.9 (±1.3), WAI-2 (physical work ability, range 1-5) from 3.7 (±0.9) to 4.3 (±0.7), and WAI-3 (mental/emotional work ability, range 1-5) from 3.4 (±0.9) to 3.9 (±0.8) (p = 0.001, p = 0.005, p < 0.001, respectively). The mean QWLQ total score improved from 74.0 (±9.1) to 77.5 (±9.6) and subscale "Problems due to health situation" improved from 37.4 (±22.3) to 61.5 (±23.1) (range 0-100; p = 0.032, p < 0.001, respectively). In conclusion, patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis starting dupilumab report decreased work ability and quality of working life, mainly due to health-related problems. Significant improvement of work ability and quality of working life is observed with dupilumab treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L. Bosma
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Wouter Ouwerkerk
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- National Heart Centre SingaporeSingapore
| | - Merve Günal
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Ariënna M. Hyseni
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bernd W. M. Arents
- Dutch Association for People with Atopic DermatitisNijkerkThe Netherlands
| | - Louise A. A. Gerbens
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Maritza A. Middelkamp‐Hup
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Angela G. E. M. de Boer
- Coronel Institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Phyllis I. Spuls
- Department of DermatologyAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdam Institute for Infection and ImmunityUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical CenterAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Greidanus MA, de Rijk AE, de Boer AGEM, Bos MEMM, Plaisier PW, Smeenk RM, Frings-Dresen MHW, Tamminga SJ. A randomised feasibility trial of an employer-based intervention for enhancing successful return to work of cancer survivors (MiLES intervention). BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1433. [PMID: 34289828 PMCID: PMC8293550 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11357-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employers express a need for support during sickness absence and return to work (RTW) of cancer survivors. Therefore, a web-based intervention (MiLES) targeted at employers with the objective of enhancing cancer survivors' successful RTW has been developed. This study aimed to assess feasibility of a future definitive randomised controlled trial (RCT) on the effectiveness of the MiLES intervention. Also preliminary results on the effectiveness of the MiLES intervention were obtained. METHODS A randomised feasibility trial of 6 months was undertaken with cancer survivors aged 18-63 years, diagnosed with cancer < 2 years earlier, currently in paid employment, and sick-listed < 1 year. Participants were randomised to an intervention group, with their employer receiving the MiLES intervention, or to a waiting-list control group (2:1). Feasibility of a future definitive RCT was determined on the basis of predefined criteria related to method and protocol-related uncertainties (e.g. reach, retention, appropriateness). The primary effect measure (i.e. successful RTW) and secondary effect measures (e.g. quality of working life) were assessed at baseline and 3 and 6 months thereafter. RESULTS Thirty-five cancer survivors were included via medical specialists (4% of the initially invited group) and open invitations, and thereafter randomised to the intervention (n = 24) or control group (n = 11). Most participants were female (97%) with breast cancer (80%) and a permanent employment contract (94%). All predefined criteria for feasibility of a future definitive RCT were achieved, except that concerning the study's reach (90 participants). After 6 months, 92% of the intervention group and 100% of the control group returned to work (RR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.81-1.03); no difference were found with regard to secondary effect measures. CONCLUSIONS With the current design a future definitive RCT on the effectiveness of the MiLES intervention on successful RTW of cancer survivors is not feasible, since recruitment of survivors fell short of the predefined minimum for feasibility. There was selection bias towards survivors at low risk of adverse work outcomes, which reduced generalisability of the outcomes. An alternative study design is needed to study effectiveness of the MiLES intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study has been registered in the Dutch Trial Register ( NL6758/NTR7627 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Greidanus
- Department Public and Occupational Health/ Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - A E de Rijk
- Department of Social Medicine, Care and Public Health Research Institute (CAPHRI), Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - A G E M de Boer
- Department Public and Occupational Health/ Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M E M M Bos
- Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus Medical Center, Doctor Molewaterplein 40, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - P W Plaisier
- Department of Surgery, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Albert Schweitzerplaats 25, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - R M Smeenk
- Department of Surgery, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Albert Schweitzerplaats 25, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M H W Frings-Dresen
- Department Public and Occupational Health/ Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S J Tamminga
- Department Public and Occupational Health/ Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Jin JH, Lee EJ. Structural Equation Model of the Quality of Working Life among Cancer Survivors Returning to Work. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2020; 15:37-46. [PMID: 33253927 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to construct and validate a model of the quality of working life (QWL) among cancer survivors returning to work. METHODS A cross-sectional study was developed. Participants included 204 cancer survivors in the extended cancer survivor stage, 6 months after returning to work, who were treated at two tertiary hospital cancer centers. The data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 20.0 for confirmatory factor analysis to assess the hypothesis fit and verify the hypothesis. RESULTS Factors affecting cancer survivors' quality of working liferesulted in cancer stigma and social support (explanatory power was 43.1%) and the model showed acceptable goodness of fit. In the final model, cancer stigma had a significant direct effect on social support and indirect effect on organizational health, employee health, and QWL. Additionally, social support had significant direct effect on organizational health, employee health and QWL. CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, there is a need to develop strategies and effective intervention programs that can increase the support of supervisors and colleagues for improving overall quality of work life. Furthermore, the development of policies and intervention programs to reduce cancer stigma for the purpose of transforming perceptions through education and public relations which are indirect factors that affect the quality of work life, can contribute to improving the quality of work life for cancer survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Hyun Jin
- College of Nursing, Research Institute of Nursing Science, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Ju Lee
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Hamzah SR, Musa SNS, Muda Z, Ismail M. Quality of working life and career engagement of cancer survivors: the mediating role of effect of disease and treatment. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT 2020. [DOI: 10.1108/ejtd-02-2020-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
This study aims at investigating the relationship between the quality of working life and career engagement of cancer survivors and the mediating role of the effect of disease and treatment.
Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 cancer survivors in Malaysia. The participants, aged between 18 and 40, were Malaysian citizens undergoing follow-up sessions at the Kuala Lumpur General Hospital and the National Cancer Institute of Malaysia. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis that implemented Baron and Kenny’s method for mediation were used for analyses.
Findings
The effect of treatment and disease was found to significantly mediate the relationship between quality of work-life and career engagement of cancer survivors.
Research limitations/implications
The instrument for this study was a self-reported questionnaire, with participants responding to specific items on a five-point Likert scale under the supervision of the researchers. As results from the survey were subjective in nature, the bias in the participants could not be eliminated completely. This study was also limited to the two main parameters, namely, quality of working life and career engagement and a mediator, namely, effects of the disease and treatment. Moreover, as the survey was conducted in only two hospitals in the Klang Valley area, the results cannot be generalized to other cancer survivors in other regions of Malaysia.
Practical implications
The results of this study indicated that the mediating role of the effects of disease and treatment on the relationship of the quality of working life subscales with career engagement. Practical implications, cancer survivor consciousness of the effects of disease and treatment is very important and should be addressed and could be notable to improve the quality of working life.
Originality/value
This study gives valuable insight to managers and practitioners by investigating the relationship between the quality of working life and career engagement and mediates by the effects of disease and treatment. The findings highlight the challenges cancer survivors face on their return to working life. The findings also highlight the need for management to take steps to help cancer survivors cope with career engagement for better work performance.
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Greidanus MA, de Boer AGEM, de Rijk AE, Frings-Dresen MHW, Tamminga SJ. The MiLES intervention targeting employers to promote successful return to work of employees with cancer: design of a pilot randomised controlled trial. Trials 2020; 21:363. [PMID: 32345344 PMCID: PMC7189583 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-020-04288-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Employers express a need for support to facilitate the return to work (RTW) process of employees with cancer. We have developed the MiLES intervention, an online toolbox targeting employers during the RTW of employees with cancer. To evaluate the MiLES intervention, we propose the design of a pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT). The aim of this pilot is to determine whether a future RCT to study the effectiveness of this intervention on successful RTW of employees with cancer is feasible. Secondary aims are to obtain preliminary results on the effectiveness of the intervention and to determine the sample size needed in a future definitive RCT. METHODS A pilot RCT with a 6-month follow-up will be conducted. Using medical specialists at Dutch hospitals, we aim to enrol 90 participants diagnosed with cancer (<2 years earlier) aged 18-63 years who are in paid employment with an employer and who are currently sick-listed or partly sick-listed for <1 year. Participants randomised to the intervention group will be asked to inform their employer about the online toolbox supporting employers during the RTW process of employees with cancer. Participants in the control group will receive 'care as usual' from their employer. All measures will be assessed at the level of the employee using questionnaires at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of follow-up. The feasibility of a future RCT will be determined using criteria concerning method-related uncertainties and acceptability of the study protocol. The primary effect measure will be successful RTW (that is, RTW perceived as being successful by the cancer survivor themselves). This effect measure will be used to perform the sample size calculation for a future definitive RCT. DISCUSSION The design is proposed to determine the feasibility to study the effectiveness of the MiLES intervention targeting employers on the successful RTW of employees diagnosed with cancer. This pilot RCT can increase the probability of a successful future definitive RCT on the effectiveness of the intervention and potentially obviate the need to carry out an unfeasible and resource-intensive study. TRIAL REGISTRATION Dutch Trial Register (NTR): NL6758, NTR7627. Registered on 30 October 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A Greidanus
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Angela G E M de Boer
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angelique E de Rijk
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Institute Primary Care and Public Health (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Duboisdomein 30, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique H W Frings-Dresen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sietske J Tamminga
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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10
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Benkel I, Arnby M, Molander U. Living with a chronic disease: A quantitative study of the views of patients with a chronic disease on the change in their life situation. SAGE Open Med 2020; 8:2050312120910350. [PMID: 32341782 PMCID: PMC7171994 DOI: 10.1177/2050312120910350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Chronic diseases have an impact on and change patient’s lives which means that they need to find ways to cope with the new situation. The aim was to describe how the chronic disease has influenced patients’ views of their life situation. Methods: The study was quantitative in design with data collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to compare similarities and differences between patients with asthma-allergy, diabetes mellitus, cancer and inflammatory rheumatoid arthritis. Results: Changes in their life were experienced as a negative outcome for the majority of participants. Support can be in the form of interpersonal support from various persons, but also from activities and beliefs/religion. Family and friends as well as healthcare professionals were identified as being most supportive. Sadness and worry were the most common emotions among the participants and their surrounding networks. Conclusion: People with a chronic disease have to live with the consequences the disease has for their life situation. They need to find strategies to cope with the negative outcome in their new life. Support from their own network and healthcare professionals can be helpful in the new life situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inger Benkel
- Geriatric Medicine and Clinical Osteoporosis Research School, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Palliative section, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maria Arnby
- Palliative section, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulla Molander
- Geriatric Medicine and Clinical Osteoporosis Research School, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Palliative section, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Tamminga SJ, Verbeek JHAM, Bos MMEM, Fons G, Kitzen JJEM, Plaisier PW, Frings-Dresen MHW, de Boer AGEM. Two-Year Follow-Up of a Multi-centre Randomized Controlled Trial to Study Effectiveness of a Hospital-Based Work Support Intervention for Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2019; 29:701-710. [PMID: 30778742 PMCID: PMC6838305 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-019-09831-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Purpose is to: (1) study effectiveness of the hospital-based work support intervention for cancer patients at two years of follow-up compared to usual care and (2) identify which early factors predict time to return-to-work (RTW). Methods In this multi-center randomised controlled trial (RCT), 106 (self-)employed cancer patients were randomized to an intervention group or control group and provided 2 years of follow-up data. The intervention group received patient education and work-related support at the hospital. Primary outcome was RTW (rate and time) and quality of life (SF-36), and secondary outcomes were, work ability (WAI), and work functioning (WLQ). Univariate Cox regression analyses were performed to study which early factors predict time to full RTW. Results Participants were diagnosed with breast (61%), gynaecological cancer (35%), or other type of cancer (4%). RTW rates were 84% and 90% for intervention versus control group. They were high compared to national register-based studies. No differences between groups were found on any of the outcomes. Receiving chemotherapy (HR = 2.43, 95% CI 1.59-3.73 p < 0.001), low level of education (HR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.076-2.52 p = 0.02) and low work ability (HR = 1.09 [95% CI 1.04-1.17] p = 0.02) were associated with longer time to full RTW. Conclusions We found high RTW rates compared to national register-based studies and we found no differences between groups. Future studies should therefore focus on reaching the group at risk, which consist of patients who receive chemotherapy, have a low level of education and have a low work ability at diagnosis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Netherlands Trial Registry (NTR) (http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=1658): NTR1658.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Tamminga
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J H A M Verbeek
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Kuopio, Finland
| | - M M E M Bos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Reinier de Graaf Groep, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - G Fons
- Department of Gynaecology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J J E M Kitzen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - P W Plaisier
- Department of Surgery, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M H W Frings-Dresen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A G E M de Boer
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Greidanus MA, Tamminga SJ, de Rijk AE, Frings-Dresen MHW, de Boer AGEM. What Employer Actions Are Considered Most Important for the Return to Work of Employees with Cancer? A Delphi Study Among Employees and Employers. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2019; 29:406-422. [PMID: 30027426 PMCID: PMC6531608 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-018-9800-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Employers are important stakeholders in the return to work (RTW) of employees with cancer. However, it is unclear what employer actions are most important to that process. The objective, therefore, was to reach consensus on what employer actions are considered most important for the RTW of employees with cancer, by employers and employees separately. Methods A two-round online Delphi study was conducted with two expert panels: one with 23 employers and one with 29 employees with cancer. The results from each panel were analysed separately. Out of 24 suggested employer actions, participants selected the 10 they considered most important for RTW in each of the following RTW phases: (1) disclosure, (2) treatment, (3) RTW plan, and (4) actual RTW. The consensus threshold was set at ≥ 80% during the second round. Results The employer and employee expert panels both reached consensus on the importance of 'emotional support', 'practical support', 'allow sufficient sick leave', 'plan return to work', 'adjust expectations', 'assess work ability', and 'show appreciation'. Employers also reached consensus on 'communicate' and 'treat normally', and employees on 'handle unpredictability'. All these employer actions were considered to be specific for one to three RTW phases. Conclusions Employers reached consensus on the importance of nine employer actions, employees on eight. Both stakeholder perspectives showed great similarities, but did vary regarding important employer actions during the employee's treatment. We recommend developing interventions targeting the employer, meeting both employer and employee needs in each RTW phase, to enhance RTW support for employees with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Greidanus
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - S J Tamminga
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A E de Rijk
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Research Institute Primary Care and Public Health (CAPHRI), Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 40, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M H W Frings-Dresen
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A G E M de Boer
- Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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de Jong M, Tamminga SJ, van Es RJJ, Frings-Dresen MHW, de Boer AGEM. The quality of working life questionnaire for cancer survivors (QWLQ-CS): factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and reproducibility. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:66. [PMID: 29321006 PMCID: PMC5763640 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3966-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To assess the factorial structure, internal consistency, construct validity and reproducibility of the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire for Cancer Survivors (QWLQ-CS). Methods An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed on QWLQ-CS data from a sample of employed cancer survivors to establish the final number of items and factorial structure of the QWLQ-CS. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha. In a second sample of (self-)employed cancer survivors, construct validity was tested by convergent validity (correlations of QWLQ-CS with construct-related questionnaires), and discriminative validity (difference in QWLQ-CS scores between cancer survivors and employed people without cancer). In a subgroup of stable cancer survivors subtracted from the second sample, reproducibility was evaluated by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Standard Error of Measurement (SEM). Results EFA on QWLQ-CS data of 302 cancer survivors resulted in 23 items and five factors. The internal consistency of the QWLQ-CS was Cronbach’s α = 0.91. Convergent validity on data of 130 cancer survivors resulted in r = 0.61–0.70. QWLQ-CS scores of these cancer survivors statistically differed (p = 0.04) from employed people without cancer (N = 45). Reproducibility of QWLQ-CS data from 87 cancer survivors demonstrated an ICC of 0.84 and a SEM of 9.59. Conclusions The five-factor QWLQ-CS with 23 items and adequate internal consistency, construct validity, and reproducibility at group level can be used in clinical and occupational healthcare, and research settings. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-017-3966-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel de Jong
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Academic Medical Center, P.O. box 22660, 1100, DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sietske J Tamminga
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Academic Medical Center, P.O. box 22660, 1100, DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert J J van Es
- Department of Head and Neck Surgical Oncology, UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Monique H W Frings-Dresen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Academic Medical Center, P.O. box 22660, 1100, DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angela G E M de Boer
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Academic Medical Center, P.O. box 22660, 1100, DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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de Jong M, Tamminga SJ, Frings-Dresen MHW, de Boer AGEM. Quality of Working Life of cancer survivors: associations with health- and work-related variables. Support Care Cancer 2016; 25:1475-1484. [PMID: 28019005 PMCID: PMC5378750 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-016-3549-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to (1) describe the Quality of Working Life (QWL) of cancer survivors and (2) explore associations between the QWL of cancer survivors and health- and work-related variables. METHODS Employed and self-employed cancer survivors were recruited through hospitals and patient organizations. They completed the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire for Cancer Survivors (QWLQ-CS) and health- and work-related variables in this cross-sectional study. The QWL scores of cancer survivors were described, and associations between QWL and health- and work-related variables were assessed. RESULTS The QWLQ-CS was completed by 302 cancer survivors (28% male) with a mean age of 52 ± 8 years. They were diagnosed between 0 and 10 years ago with various types of cancer, such as breast cancers, gastrointestinal cancers, urological cancers, and haematological cancers. The QWL mean score of cancer survivors was 75 ± 12 (0-100). Cancer survivors had statistically significant lower QWL scores when they had been treated with chemotherapy or when they reported co-morbidity (p ≤ 0.05). Cancer survivors without managerial positions, with low incomes or physically demanding work, and who worked a proportion of their contract hours had statistically significantly lower QWL scores (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study described the QWL of cancer survivors and associations between QWL and health- and work-related variables. Based on these variables, it is possible to indicate groups of cancer survivors who need more attention and support regarding QWL and work continuation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel de Jong
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sietske J Tamminga
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Monique H W Frings-Dresen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Angela G E M de Boer
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
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Barnard A, Clur L, Joubert Y. Returning to work: The cancer survivor's transformational journey of adjustment and coping. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2016; 11:32488. [PMID: 27852419 PMCID: PMC5112348 DOI: 10.3402/qhw.v11.32488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore cancer survivors' return to work (RTW) experience with a specific focus on the adjustment and coping process underlying their journey. The study was conducted in the Southern Cape, South Africa, with eight cancer survivors having returned to work following successful treatment of various types of cancer. Unstructured interviews were conducted and data were analysed following the principles of hermeneutic phenomenological reflection and analysis. Four themes emerged, representing the changing adjustment responses and coping during the RTW journey. Participants evolve from being overwhelmed with emotions and applying avoidant coping to seeking understanding and positive affectivity in their attempt to comprehend the reality of their situation. Participants' external locus of control change to a more active approach and problem-solving orientation, demonstrating a need to take control and responsibility. Ultimately, adjustment and coping become most constructive when cancer survivors resolve to re-assess life and self through meaning-making, resulting in renewed appreciation of life, appropriate life style changes, and regained confidence in their relational role. A process perspective is proposed to facilitate an understanding of, and working with, cancer survivors' transition through the RTW journey towards optimal coping phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Barnard
- Department of Industrial and Organisational Psychology, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa;
| | - Loraine Clur
- Employee Wellness Consultant, Southern Cape, South Africa
| | - Yvonne Joubert
- Department of Human Resources Management, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
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de Jong M, Tamminga SJ, de Boer AGEM, Frings-Dresen MHW. The Quality of Working Life Questionnaire for Cancer Survivors (QWLQ-CS): a Pre-test Study. BMC Health Serv Res 2016; 16:194. [PMID: 27250336 PMCID: PMC4890330 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-016-1440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Returning to and continuing work is important to many cancer survivors, but also represents a challenge. We know little about subjective work outcomes and how cancer survivors perceive being returned to work. Therefore, we developed the Quality of Working Life Questionnaire for Cancer Survivors (QWLQ-CS). Our aim was to pre-test the items of the initial QWLQ-CS on acceptability and comprehensiveness. In addition, item retention was performed by pre-assessing the relevance scores and response distributions of the items in the QWLQ-CS. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted after cancer survivors, who had returned to work, filled in the 102 items of the QWLQ-CS. To improve acceptability and comprehensiveness, the semi-structured interview inquired about items that were annoying, difficult, confusing, twofold or redundant. If cancer survivors had difficulty explaining their opinion or emotion about an item, the interviewer used verbal probing technique to investigate the cancer survivor’s underlying thoughts. The cancer survivors’ comments on the items were analysed, and items were revised accordingly. Decisions on item retention regarding the relevance of items and the response distributions were made by means of pre-set decision rules. Results The 19 cancer survivors (53 % male) had a mean age of 51 ± 11 years old. They were diagnosed between 2009 and 2013 with lymphoma, leukaemia, prostate cancer, breast cancer, or colon cancer. Acceptability of the QWLQ-CS was good - none of the items were annoying - but 73 items were considered difficult, confusing, twofold or redundant. To improve acceptability, for instance, the authors replaced the phrase ‘disease’ with ‘health situation’ in several items. Consequently, comprehensiveness was improved by the authors rephrasing and adjusting items by adding clarifying words, such as ‘in the work situation’. The pre-assessment of the relevance scores resulted in a sufficient number of cancer survivors indicating the items as relevant to their quality of working life, and no evident indication for uneven response distributions. Therefore, all items were retained. Conclusions The 104 items of the preliminary QWLQ-CS were found relevant, acceptable and comprehensible by cancer survivors who have returned to work. The QWLQ-CS is now suitable for larger sample sizes of cancer survivors, which is necessary to test the psychometric properties of this questionnaire. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12913-016-1440-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel de Jong
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sietske J Tamminga
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Angela G E M de Boer
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique H W Frings-Dresen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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