The analysis of lncRNA HOTAIR rs12826786 C>T polymorphism and gastric cancer susceptibility in a Turkish population: lack of any association in a hospital-based case-control study

HOTAIR in cancer: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic perspectives

The long non-coding RNA HOTAIR is overexpressed in many cancers and is associated with several cancer-promoting effects, including increased cell proliferation, migration and treatment resistance. HOTAIR levels correlate with tumor stage, lymph node metastasis and overall survival in patients with various types of cancer. This highlights the potential uses of HOTAIR, including early cancer detection, predicting patient outcome, identifying high-risk individuals and assisting in therapy selection and monitoring. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive summary of the research progress, molecular mechanisms and clinical significance of HOTAIR in various human cancers. In addition, the clinical applications of HOTAIR, such as targeted therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, are discussed, and relevant information on the potential future advances of HOTAIR in cancer research is provided.

Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR: Pathogenic roles and therapeutic opportunities in gastric cancer

Gastric cancer is one of the first malignant cancers in the world and a large number of people die every year due to this disease. Many genetic and epigenetic risk factors have been identified that play a major role in gastric cancer. HOTAIR is an effective epigenetic agent known as long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). HOTAIR has been described to have biological functions in biochemical and cellular processes through interactions with many factors, leading to genomic stability, proliferation, survival, invasion, migration, metastasis, and drug resistance. In the present article, we reviewed the prognostic value of the molecular mechanisms underlying the HOTAIR regulation and its function in the development of Gastric Cancer, whereas elucidation of HOTAIR–protein and HOTAIR–DNA interactions can be helpful in the identification of cancer processes, leading to the development of potential therapeutic strategies.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs); roles in tumorigenesis and potentials as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis

New research has indicated that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in a broad range of biological processes, including the pathogenesis of many complex human diseases, including cancer. The detailed regulation mechanisms of many lncRNAs in cancer initiation and progression have yet to be discovered, even though a few of lncRNAs' functions in cancer have been characterized. In the present study, we summarize recent advances in the mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in cancer. We focused on the roles of newly-identified lncRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors, as well as the potential pathways these molecules could play. The paper also discusses their potential uses as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer.

Polymorphism of TUSC7 associated with gastric cancer susceptibility and binding with miR-133a-3p: a population-based case-control study

BACKGROUND

Previous studies have demonstrated that gene polymorphism is associated with cancer susceptibility. Most of these genes are involved in neoplastic processes. Previous studies demonstrated that tumor-suppressor candidate 7 (TUSC7) was a tumor-suppressor gene in various tumors. This study aims to explore the association between lncRNA TUSC7 polymorphism and gastric cancer susceptibility and the potential function.

METHODS

The tagging SNPs of TUSC7 were genotyped with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) in a Chinese Han population-based case-control study. The relative expression level of TUSC7 in plasma was conducted by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The gene-environment interaction was analyzed by multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR). The dual luciferase reporter assay was used to examine whether SNP rs12494960 of TUSC7 allele variation affected the binding of lncRNA-TUSC7 and miRNAs miR-133a-3p.

RESULTS

Three tagging SNPs (rs12494960, rs1518338, rs2867837) of TUSC7 were selected to validate in population. The unconditional multiple logistic regression showed that individuals with genotype AA (OR: 1.79, 95% CI: 1.16, 2.70) of rs12494960 and GG (OR: 2.24, 95% CI: 1.12, 4.46) of rs2867837 in TUSC7 had increased risk of GC susceptibility. The qRT-PCR showed that CA and AA genotype of rs12494960 in TUSC7 had significantly lower relative expression level in plasma, compared with CC genotype. The dual luciferase reporter assay showed that TUSC7 and miR-133a-3p had interaction.

CONCLUSION

The mutant genotype of rs12494960 could increase the susceptibility of gastric cancer and might affect the corresponding mRNA expression of lncRNA TUSC7 in plasma.

Dysregulation of lncRNA in Helicobacter pylori-Infected Gastric Cancer Cells

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is the most common cause of gastric cancer (GC). This microorganism is genetically diverse; GC is caused by several genetic deregulations in addition to environmental factors and bacterial virulence factors. lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) are significant biological macromolecules in GC, have specific functions in diseases, and could be therapeutic targets. Altered lncRNAs can lead to the abnormal expression of adjacent protein-coding genes, which may be important in cancer development. Their mechanisms have not been well understood, so we are going to investigate the risk of GC in a population with both high lncRNA and H. pylori infection.

Contributions of HOTAIR polymorphisms to the susceptibility of cancer

OBJECTIVE

Hox transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR), a lncRNA, functions as a critical regulator in cancer development. A plenty of case-control studies were conducted to assess the actual relationship of HOTAIR gene generic variants on cancer susceptibility, yet conflicting conclusions remain. Herein, we carried out this up-to-date meta-analysis to get a better understanding of such relationship by incorporating all eligible case-control studies.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Six widely investigated polymorphisms were included in this meta-analysis: rs920778, rs4759314, rs7958904, rs874945, rs1899663, and rs12826786. We retrieved relevant studies from databases PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, CNKI and Wanfang update to June 2020. We applied odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to estimate the relationship strengths.

RESULTS

Our findings indicate that rs920778, rs4759314, rs874945, rs12826786 polymorphism significantly increased with susceptibility to overall cancer. However, rs7958904, rs1899663 under any five genetic models could not impact susceptibility to overall cancer. Furthermore, altered cancer risk was detected when the data were stratified by cancer type, ethnicity, the source of controls, and HWE in all the SNPs.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings of the meta-analysis suggest that HOTAIR polymorphisms may predispose to cancer susceptibility.

Long non-coding RNA polymorphisms on 8q24 are associated with the prognosis of gastric cancer in a Chinese population

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) remains the third leading cause of cancer death in China. Although genome-wide association studies have identified the association between several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on 8q24 and the risk of GC, the role of these SNPs in the prognosis of GC in Chinese populations has not yet been fully evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted to explore the association between long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) polymorphisms on 8q24 and the prognosis of GC.

Methods

We genotyped 726 surgically resected GC patients to explore the association between eight SNPs in the lncRNAs CCAT1 (rs10087719, rs7816475), PCAT1 (rs1026411), PRNCR1 (rs12682421, rs13252298), and CASC8 (rs1562430, rs4871789, rs6983267) transcribed from the 8q24 locus and the prognosis of GC in a Chinese population.

Results

We found that the patients carrying rs12682421 AA genotypes survived for a shorter time than those with the GG/GA genotype (HR = 1.39, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.09-1.78]). Compared with the CC/CT genotype, the TT genotype of rs1562430 was associated with an increased risk of death (HR = 1.38, 95% CI [1.06-1.80]). Furthermore, the results also identified the rs1026411 SNP as an independent prognostic factor for poor survival in GC patients. Patients carrying AA/AG variant genotypes had a 36% increased risk of death compared to those carrying the GG genotype (HR = 1.36, 95% CI [1.06-1.74]). These findings suggested that the rs12682421, rs1026411 and rs1562430 SNPs may contribute to the survival of GC and be prognostic markers for GC.

Association of HOTAIR gene polymorphisms and haplotypes with uterine leiomyoma susceptibility in southeast of Iran

Uterine leiomyoma (UL) is the most common benign tumor of the uterus. HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) as a lncRNAs is the product of HOXC gene that plays a major role in the invasion and development of different tumors. Several lines of evidence have been suggested the effects of HOTAIR polymorphisms on cancer risk. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effects of HOTAIR polymorphisms (rs12826786, rs920778, rs4759314 and rs1899663) on UL in southeast of Iran. A total of 152 women with UL and 182 age-matched healthy women were selected in the case-control study. The PCR-RFLP and ARMS-PCR methods were used for genotyping. HOTAIR rs920778 polymorphism was associated with a lower risk of UL in dominant [OR, 0.5 (95% CI, 0.3-0.9); P = 0.03], recessive [OR, 0.6 (95% CI, 0.4-0.9; P = 0.016] and allelic models [OR, 0.6(95% CI, 0.5-0.9); P = 0.004]. However, HOTAIR rs12826786 polymorphism was associated with a higher risk of UL in dominant [OR, 2.6 (95% CI, 1.6-4.1); P = 0.0001], recessive [OR, 1.9 (95% CI, 1-3.6); P = 0.04] and allelic models [OR, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.3-2.4); P = 0.0003]. There was no association between HOTAIR rs4759314 and rs1899663 polymorphisms and UL susceptibility. The frequency of CTGA haplotype was lower in UL women; however, the CCGA, TCGA, TTTA, and TTGA haplotypes were more frequent in UL women. Our results indicated that HOTAIR rs12826786 and rs920778 polymorphisms had a significant effect on UL susceptibility. The HOTAIR haplotypes could affect UL susceptibility.

Functional variants of lncRNA LINC00673 and gastric cancer susceptibility: a case-control study in a Chinese population

Background: Two genome-wide association studies (GWASs) identified LINC00673 rs11655237 was associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. Methods: To investigate the association between LINC00673 polymorphisms and gastric cancer (GC) risk, and the impact of gene-environmental interaction on GC risk, we conducted this case-control study in a Chinese population. Results: We found rs11655237 significantly increased susceptibility of GC in the Chinese population (OR=1.29; 95% CI=1.12-1.48; P=4.1×10-4), and a significant interaction was found between rs11655237 and Helicobacter pylori infection (P=0.006). Expression of LINC00673 was significantly higher in adjacent normal tissues than in paired cancer tissues (P<0.001) and significantly lower in the cancer or paired adjacent normal tissues of GC patients with rs11655237 allele A than in those with rs11655237 allele G (P<0.001). Mechanism exploration found that, the construct with the rs11655237[A] allele had significantly reduced luciferase activity in the presence of miR-1231, and this effect could be completely rescued when miR-1231 inhibitor was present. Conclusion: Our results indicate that LINC00673 rs11655237 is associated with an increased GC risk, possibly by down-regulating LINC00673 expression through creating a miR-1231 binding site.

Genome-wide analysis of lncRNAs in 3'-untranslated regions: CR933609 acts as a decoy to protect the INO80D gene

Long non‑coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have various functions, including chromatin remodeling and the regulation of gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. However, few lncRNAs have been investigated comprehensively, with the majority being uncharacterized. In the present study, a bioinformatics pipeline was established to identify novel lncRNA sequences similar to the 3'-untranslated regions (3'‑UTRs) of protein-coding genes. These pairs of lncRNAs and coding genes contained the same microRNA (miRNA) target sites; the lncRNA CR933609 matched the 3'‑UTR of INO80 complex subunit D (INO80D) mRNA. The expression levels of CR933609 and INO80D were significantly decreased in non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and other cancer tissues. The expression levels of CR933609 and INO80D were decreased in CR933609-knockdown NSCLC cells, but only expression levels of INO80D decreased in INO80D knockdown cells. It was shown that there are independent promoters in CR933609 and INO80D. It was also found that the expression levels of INO80D were downregulated by endogenous miRNA‑5096 in A549 cells, but not in CR933609-overexpressing A549 cells. Furthermore, the lncRNA CR933609 acted as a decoy to protect INO80D from downregulation by miRNA‑5096 in NSCLC cells. A protocol was established to identify novel lncRNAs in the 3'‑UTR and the existence of novel lncRNAs was confirmed.

A promoter variant of lncRNA GAS5 is functionally associated with the development of osteosarcoma

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The genetic variant rs145204276 is associated with the susceptibility of OS.

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Patients with genotype del/del of rs145204276 had significantly higher expression of GAS5 in the OS tissues.

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SNP rs145204276 could play a functional role in the development and progression of OS by altering the methylation status of GAS5 promoter.

Background

Previous studies showed that genetic variant rs145204276 in the promoter region of GAS5 was associated with the development of human cancer including colorectal cancer and hepatocellular cancer. This study aimed to investigate the role of rs145204276 in the development of osteosarcoma (OS).

Methods

132 OS patients and 1270 healthy controls were recruited for the genotyping analysis of rs145204276. Promoter methylation level of GAS5 was determined for all patients. The tumor tissues and the adjacent normal tissue were collected from 42 patients during surgery and the relative expression of GAS5 was then quantified by Real-time PCR. The Chi-square test was used to determine the difference of genotype and allele frequency between the patients and the controls. The gene expression and the percentage of methylation alleles were compared among different genotypes of rs145204276 with One-way ANOVA test.

Results

Compared with the controls, patients were found to have significantly lower rate of genotype del/del (7.6% vs. 8.7%, p = 0.024). The frequency of allele del was significantly lower in the patients than in the controls (23.5% vs. 30.1%, p = 0.021). Compared with than patients with genotype ins/ins, those with genotype del/del had remarkably higher expression of GAS5 (0.0033 ± 0.0019 vs. 0.0018 ± 0.0006, p < 0.001). Patients with genotype del/del were found to have obviously hypermethylation at the 7th CpG site as compared with those with genotype ins/ins (38.7% ± 21.1% vs. 20.5% ± 8.2%, p < 0.001).

Conclusions

The genetic variant rs145204276 is functionally associated with the susceptibility of OS, which can function as a protective factor in the incidence of OS possibly through the regulation of GAS5.

Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR polymorphism and susceptibility to cancer: an updated meta-analysis

Background

An increasing number of publications are drawing attention to the associations between six common polymorphisms in HOX transcript anti-sense RNA (HOTAIR) and the risk of cancers, while these results have been controversial and inconsistent. We conducted an up-to-date meta-analysis to pool eligible studies and to further explore the possible relationships between HOTAIR polymorphisms (rs920778, rs7958904, rs12826786, 4,759,314, rs874945, and rs1899663) and cancer risk.

Methods

A systematic retrieval was conducted up to 1 July 2017 in the PubMed, Web of Science, and CNKI databases. Eighteen eligible publications including 45 case-control studies with 58,601subjects were enrolled for assessing the associations between the 6 polymorphisms in HOTAIR and cancer risk. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed to reveal the polymorphisms and susceptibility to cancer. All the statistical analyses were performed using STATA 11.0 software.

Results

The pooled analyses detected significant associations between the rs920778 polymorphism and increased susceptibility to cancer in recessive, dominant, allelic, homozygous, and heterozygous models. For the rs7958904 polymorphism, we obtained the polymorphism significantly decreased susceptibility to overall cancer risk among five genetic models rather than recessive and homozygous models. For the rs12826786 polymorphism, we identified it significantly increased susceptibility to cancer risk in all genetic models rather than heterozygous models. However, no significant association was found between the rs1899663, rs874945, and rs4759314 polymorphisms and susceptibility of cancer.

Conclusion

These findings of the meta-analysis suggest that HOTAIR polymorphism may contribute to cancer susceptibility.

Electronic supplementary material

The online version of this article (10.1186/s12199-018-0697-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The association between HOTAIR polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility: an updated systemic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES

This work aims to explore whether HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) polymorphisms are associated with cancer susceptibility.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A comprehensive search was conducted for literature published from January 2007 to July 2017. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% CIs were calculated using the Revman 5.2 software. Eighteen articles of 36 case-control studies were enrolled including six HOTAIR polymorphisms and 10 cancer types.

RESULTS

The results showed that cancer risk was elevated in recessive mutation of rs12826786 (TT vs CC+CT: OR =1.55, 95% CI =1.19, 2.03; TT+CT vs CC: OR =1.23, 95% CI =1.04, 1.46; TT vs CC: OR =1.67, 95% CI =1.24, 2.24; T vs C: OR =1.24, 95% CI =1.09, 1.40) and rs920778 (TT vs CC+CT: OR =1.73, 95% CI =1.30, 2.30; TT+CT vs CC: OR =1.40, 95% CI =1.16, 1.70; TT vs CC: OR =1.83, 95% CI =1.25, 2.68; T vs C: OR =1.37, 95% CI =1.18, 1.59), while the results for polymorphisms of rs7958904, rs4759314, rs874945, and rs1899663 were insignificant. The stratified results for Chinese population were consistent with the overall group analysis.

CONCLUSION

Our meta-analysis showed that HOTAIR polymorphisms of rs12826786 and rs920778 were correlated with increased cancer risk, while rs7958904, rs4759314, rs874945, and rs1899663 were not. More studies with different types of cancer are needed to confirm the findings.