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Deng J, Jiang Y, Luan L, Fu S, Huang M, Dai Z, Liao Y, Guo S, Fu Y. Longitudinal variation of serum PCSK9 in ulcerative colitis: association with disease activity, T helper 1/2/17 cells, and clinical response of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:165-172. [PMID: 37420045 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) modulates CD4+ T cell differentiation and inflammatory response, the latter ones mediate ulcerative colitis (UC) initiation. This study intended to explore the correlation of serum PCSK9 with disease activity, T helper (h)1/Th2/Th17 cells, and clinical response of tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) in UC patients. METHODS In 65 UC patients underwent TNFi treatment, serum PCSK9 was evaluated at baseline (W0), week (W)2, W6, and W12 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays; meanwhile, Th1/Th2/Th17 cells were determined at W0 by flow cytometry. Besides, serum PCSK9 was detected in 65 healthy controls (HCs). RESULTS Serum PCSK9 was increased in UC patients compared to HCs (P<0.001), which also positively correlated with C-reactive protein (P=0.009), total Mayo score (P=0.018), Mayo-defined disease activity (P=0.020), Th1 (P=0.033), and Th17 (P=0.003) cells, but not Th2 cells (P=0.086) in UC patients. Interestingly, serum PCSK9 was steadily declined from W0 to W12 (P<0.001). W2-W0, W6-W0, and W12-W0 serum PCSK9 change (PCSK9 at W2, W6, or W12 minus PCSK9 at W0, respectively) was gradually becoming greater during TNFi treatment (P<0.001). Furthermore, forty-five (69.2%) patients achieved clinical response at W12, whose serum PCSK9 at W6 (P=0.041) and W12 (P=0.001) was lower, and W6-W0 (P=0.043), W12-W0 (P=0.019) serum PCSK9 change was more obvious compared to patients without clinical response at W12. CONCLUSIONS Serum PCSK9 is positively related to disease activity, Th1, and Th17 cells in UC patients; further, its decline correlates with TNFi response achievement in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Deng
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yongqian Jiang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Liyan Luan
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Siyang Fu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Mengsi Huang
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Zixun Dai
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yunzheng Liao
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Shupeng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Harbin, 150000, China
| | - Yuxiang Fu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Harbin Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, No.2 Xinglin Street, Harbin, 150000, China.
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Bao X, Liang Y, Chang H, Cai T, Feng B, Gordon K, Zhu Y, Shi H, He Y, Xie L. Targeting proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9): from bench to bedside. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:13. [PMID: 38185721 PMCID: PMC10772138 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has evolved as a pivotal enzyme in lipid metabolism and a revolutionary therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia and its related cardiovascular diseases (CVD). This comprehensive review delineates the intricate roles and wide-ranging implications of PCSK9, extending beyond CVD to emphasize its significance in diverse physiological and pathological states, including liver diseases, infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, and notably, cancer. Our exploration offers insights into the interaction between PCSK9 and low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLRs), elucidating its substantial impact on cholesterol homeostasis and cardiovascular health. It also details the evolution of PCSK9-targeted therapies, translating foundational bench discoveries into bedside applications for optimized patient care. The advent and clinical approval of innovative PCSK9 inhibitory therapies (PCSK9-iTs), including three monoclonal antibodies (Evolocumab, Alirocumab, and Tafolecimab) and one small interfering RNA (siRNA, Inclisiran), have marked a significant breakthrough in cardiovascular medicine. These therapies have demonstrated unparalleled efficacy in mitigating hypercholesterolemia, reducing cardiovascular risks, and have showcased profound value in clinical applications, offering novel therapeutic avenues and a promising future in personalized medicine for cardiovascular disorders. Furthermore, emerging research, inclusive of our findings, unveils PCSK9's potential role as a pivotal indicator for cancer prognosis and its prospective application as a transformative target for cancer treatment. This review also highlights PCSK9's aberrant expression in various cancer forms, its association with cancer prognosis, and its crucial roles in carcinogenesis and cancer immunity. In conclusion, this synthesized review integrates existing knowledge and novel insights on PCSK9, providing a holistic perspective on its transformative impact in reshaping therapeutic paradigms across various disorders. It emphasizes the clinical value and effect of PCSK9-iT, underscoring its potential in advancing the landscape of biomedical research and its capabilities in heralding new eras in personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhui Bao
- Institute of Therapeutic Cancer Vaccines, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Clinical Research, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Cell-based Immunotherapy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Yongjun Liang
- Center for Medical Research and Innovation, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanman Chang
- Institute for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tianji Cai
- Department of Sociology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Baijie Feng
- Department of Oncology, Fudan University Pudong Medical Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Konstantin Gordon
- Medical Institute, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
- A. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Yuekun Zhu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hailian Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiang Hi-tech Park, Shanghai, China
| | - Yundong He
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Liyi Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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