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Sesack SR, Thiebaut de Schotten M. Brain Structure and Function gets serious about ethical science writing. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:699-701. [PMID: 37093303 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02645-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan R Sesack
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
| | - Michel Thiebaut de Schotten
- Groupe d'Imagerie Neurofonctionnelle, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives-UMR 5293, CNRS, CEA, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
- Brain Connectivity and Behaviour Laboratory, Sorbonne Universities, Paris, France.
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2
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Chekhovich YV, Khazov AV. Analysis of duplicated publications in Russian journals. J Informetr 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joi.2021.101246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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3
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4
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Pan SJA. Taiwanese and American Graduate Students' Misconceptions Regarding Responsible Conduct of Research: A Cross-National Comparison Using a Two-Tier Test Approach. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2021; 27:20. [PMID: 33765203 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-021-00297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Individual researchers may interpret responsible conduct of research (RCR) in various ways, especially given the diversity of research personnel in modern science. Therefore, understanding individuals' RCR-related misconceptions is important, as it can help RCR instructors customize their lessons to target learners' incorrect and incomplete ideas. In this vein, this study aimed to explore whether Taiwanese and American graduate students differ in their perceptions and misconceptions regarding RCR-related concepts and, if so, to determine these differences. A diagnostic assessment, the Revised RCR Reasoning Test (rev-RCRRT), was developed to pursue the intended goal. The rev-RCRRT is a two-tier test capable of diagnosing whether a student's justifications of ethical acceptance in relation to specific RCR-related concepts are based on incorrect or incomplete ideas of RCR. The current results indicated that, first, participating graduate students' test performances dropped drastically between the first- and second-tier items, suggesting that they were able to judge the ethical acceptability of given RCR-specific scenarios but lacked the advanced knowledge required to explain their judgments. Second, in general, American students achieved significantly better scores on the rev-RCRRT than Taiwanese students. Third, the two groups held different RCR-related misconceptions centered around various RCR topics. Specifically, Taiwanese students' misconceptions involved concepts related to authorship, piecemeal publication, and human-subject protection. However, American students sometimes misjudged the issues regarding duplicate submissions and publication and the reproducibility of research and replication of ideas. In summary, through a cross-national comparative method, this study not only suggests that graduate students from different national backgrounds interpret RCR differently but also provides substantial evidence for the employment of a two-tier test approach in RCR-specific contexts. The implications of the current findings for future research and the utility of using two-tier tests in RCR instruction are also discussed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Jui-An Pan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences (RCHSS), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan.
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5
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Moskovitz C. Standardizing terminology for text recycling in research writing. LEARNED PUBLISHING 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/leap.1372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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6
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Anson IG, Moskovitz C. Text recycling in STEM: A text-analytic study of recently published research articles. Account Res 2020; 28:349-371. [PMID: 33180569 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2020.1850284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Text recycling, sometimes called "self-plagiarism," is the reuse of material from one's own existing documents in a newly created work. Over the past decade, text recycling has become an increasingly debated practice in research ethics, especially in science and technology fields. Little is known, however, about researchers' actual text recycling practices. We report here on a computational analysis of text recycling in published research articles in STEM disciplines. Using a tool we created in R, we analyze a corpus of 400 published articles from 80 federally funded research projects across eight disciplinary clusters. According to our analysis, STEM research groups frequently recycle some material from their previously published articles. On average, papers in our corpus contained about three recycled sentences per article, though a minority of research teams (around 15%) recycled substantially more content. These findings were generally consistent across STEM disciplines. We also find evidence that researchers superficially alter recycled prose much more often than recycling it verbatim. Based on our findings, which suggest that recycling some amount of material is normative in STEM research writing, researchers and editors would benefit from more appropriate and explicit guidance about what constitutes legitimate practice and how authors should report the presence of recycled material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian G Anson
- Department of Political Science, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Cary Moskovitz
- Thompson Writing Program, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
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7
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Seifert LB, Schnurr B, Herrera-Vizcaino C, Begic A, Thieringer F, Schwarz F, Sader R. 3D printed patient individualised models versus cadaveric models in an undergraduate oral and maxillofacial surgery curriculum: Comparison of students' perceptions. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR DENTAL EDUCATION IN EUROPE 2020; 24:809-810. [PMID: 32720346 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas B Seifert
- Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial, and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Benedikt Schnurr
- Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial, and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Carlos Herrera-Vizcaino
- Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial, and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Amira Begic
- Polyclinic for Dental Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum Dentistry University Institute gGmbH of the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Florian Thieringer
- Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital, Basel University, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Frank Schwarz
- Polyclinic for Dental Surgery and Implantology, Carolinum Dentistry University Institute gGmbH of the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Robert Sader
- Department of Oral, Cranio-Maxillofacial, and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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8
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There is no absolute expectation about text recycling. Clin Biochem 2020; 86:65-66. [PMID: 33045244 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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9
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Grey A, Avenell A, Gamble G, Bolland M. Assessing and Raising Concerns About Duplicate Publication, Authorship Transgressions and Data Errors in a Body of Preclinical Research. SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS 2020; 26:2069-2096. [PMID: 31673984 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-019-00152-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Authorship transgressions, duplicate data reporting and reporting/data errors compromise the integrity of biomedical publications. Using a standardized template, we raised concerns with journals about each of these characteristics in 33 pairs of publications originating from 15 preclinical (animal) trials reported by a group of researchers. The outcomes of interest were journal responses, including time to acknowledgement of concerns, time to decision, content of decision letter, and disposition of publications at 1 year. Authorship transgressions affected 27/36 (75%) publications. The median proportion of duplicate data within pairs of publications was 45% (interquartile range 29-57). Data/reporting discrepancies [median 3 (1-5)] were present in 28/33 (85%) pairs. Journals acknowledged receipt of concerns for 53% and 94% of publications by 1 month and 9 months, respectively. After 1 year, journals had communicated decisions for 16/36 (44%) publications. None of the decision letters specifically addressed each of the concerns raised. Decisions were no action, correction and retraction for 9, 3 and 4 publications, respectively: the amounts of duplicate data reporting and data/reporting discrepancies were similar irrespective of journal decision. Authorship transgressions affected 6/9 (67%) publications for which no action was decided. Journal responses to concerns about duplicate publication, authorship transgressions, and data/reporting discrepancies were slow, opaque and inconsistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Grey
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Alison Avenell
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Greg Gamble
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mark Bolland
- Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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How to write (and how not to write) a scientific review article. Clin Biochem 2020; 81:65-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
Policy on Plagiarism, Text Recycling, and Duplicate Publication. J Midwifery Womens Health 2019; 64:371-375. [DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Hall S, Moskovitz C, Pemberton MA. Attitudes toward text recycling in academic writing across disciplines. Account Res 2018; 25:142-169. [PMID: 29394122 DOI: 10.1080/08989621.2018.1434622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Text recycling, the reuse of material from one's own previously published writing in a new text without attribution, is a common academic writing practice that is not yet well understood. While some studies of text recycling in academic writing have been published, no previous study has focused on scholars' attitudes toward text recycling. This article presents results from a survey of over 300 journal editors and editorial board members from 86 top English-language journals in 16 different academic fields regarding text recycling in scholarly articles. Responses indicate that a large majority of academic gatekeepers believe text recycling is allowable in some circumstances; however, there is a lack of clear consensus about when text recycling is or is not appropriate. Opinions varied according to the source of the recycled material, its structural location and rhetorical purpose, and conditions of authorship conditions-as well as by the level of experience as a journal editor. Our study suggests the need for further research on text recycling utilizing focus groups and interviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne Hall
- a Humanities and Social Sciences , California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA , USA
| | - Cary Moskovitz
- b Thompson Writing Program , Duke University , Durham , NC , USA
| | - Michael A Pemberton
- c Department of Writing and Linguistics , Georgia Southern University , Statesboro , GA , USA
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