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Zhou J, Sun D, Wei W. Necessity to Pay Attention to the Effects of Low Fluoride on Human Health: an Overview of Skeletal and Non-skeletal Damages in Epidemiologic Investigations and Laboratory Studies. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1627-1638. [PMID: 35661326 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to the implementation of water improvement and fluoride reduction plans supported by central and local governments in recent years, areas with high fluoride exposure are being gradually decreased. Therefore, it is of practical importance to study the effect of low fluoride on human health. Epidemiologic investigations and in vivo and in vitro studies based on low fluoride have also confirmed that fluoride not only causes skeletal damage, such as dental fluorosis, but also causes non-skeletal damage involving the cardiovascular system, nervous system, hepatic and renal function, reproductive system, thyroid function, blood glucose homeostasis, and the immune system. This article summarizes the effects of low fluoride on human and animal skeletal and non-skeletal systems. A preliminary exploration of corresponding mechanisms that will help to fully understand the harm of low fluoride on human health was undertaken to provide the basis for establishing new water fluoride standards and help to implement individual guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhou
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Dianjun Sun
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- National Health Commission, Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Harbin Medical University (23618504), Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang Province, China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Human Health, Harbin Medical University, 150081, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Lu J, Hu D, Ma C, Shuai B. Advances in Our Understanding of the Mechanism of Action of Drugs (including Traditional Chinese Medicines) for the Intervention and Treatment of Osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:938447. [PMID: 35774616 PMCID: PMC9237325 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.938447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is known as a silent disease in which the loss of bone mass and bone density does not cause obvious symptoms, resulting in insufficient treatment and preventive measures. The losses of bone mass and bone density become more severe over time and an only small percentage of patients are diagnosed when OP-related fractures occur. The high disability and mortality rates of OP-related fractures cause great psychological and physical damage and impose a heavy economic burden on individuals and society. Therefore, early intervention and treatment must be emphasized to achieve the overall goal of reducing the fracture risk. Anti-OP drugs are currently divided into three classes: antiresorptive agents, anabolic agents, and drugs with other mechanisms. In this review, research progress related to common anti-OP drugs in these three classes as well as targeted therapies is summarized to help researchers and clinicians understand their mechanisms of action and to promote pharmacological research and novel drug development.
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Dundar S, Bozoglan A, Bulmus O, Tekin S, Yildirim TT, Kirtay M, Toy VE, Gul M, Bozoglan MY. Effects of restraint stress and high-fat diet on osseointegration of titanium implants: an experimental study. Braz Oral Res 2020; 34:e008. [PMID: 32049109 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2020.vol34.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of chronic restraint stress (RS) and a high-fat diet (HFD) on the osseointegration of titanium implants in a rat model. After the surgical insertion of titanium implants into the metaphysis of the tibial bone, the rats were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 8 each): control (CNT), restraint stress (RS), high-fat diet (HFD), and restraint stress plus high fat diet (RS-HFD). CNT: Rats received no further treatment during the 92-day experimental period. RS: Stress was applied to the rats beginning from two days after the implant surgery for one hour per day for the first 30 days, two hours per day for the next 30 days, and three hours per day for the last 30 days. HFD: Rats were fed a HFD for the following 90 days starting two days after surgery. RS-HFD: Rats were fed a HFD and RS was applied to rats for the following 90 days, starting two days after surgery. At the end of the experimental period, the rats were euthanized, and the implants and surrounding bone tissues were removed for histological analysis. Statistical analysis was performed by one way ANOVA and Bonferrroni tests. There were no significant differences in the bone-implant connection levels between the groups (p > 0.05), but in the HFD and RS-HFD groups, the bone filling ratios were found to be lower compared with the controls (p < 0.05) The data analyzed in this study suggest that an HFD with or without chronic RS adversely affected bone tissue in the rats during the 90-day osseointegration period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Dundar
- Firat University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Alihan Bozoglan
- Firat University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Bulmus
- Firat University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Samet Tekin
- Firat University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Tuba Talo Yildirim
- Firat University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Elazig, Turkey
| | | | - Vesile Elif Toy
- Inonu University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Gul
- Harran University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Merve Yilmaz Bozoglan
- Ministry of Health, Elazig Health Directorate, Department of Paharmacology, Elazig, Turkey
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Wang Z, Shao S, Cai Y. Effects of combination treatment with alprostadil and statins in patients with refractory heart failure. ALL LIFE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/26895293.2020.1765884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zishu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengchun Shao
- GCP Center, Hospital (T.C.M) Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyu Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Dionizio A, Pereira HABS, Araujo TT, Sabino-Arias IT, Fernandes MS, Oliveira KA, Raymundo FS, Cestari TM, Nogueira FN, Carvalho RA, Buzalaf MAR. Effect of Duration of Exposure to Fluoride and Type of Diet on Lipid Parameters and De Novo Lipogenesis. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 190:157-171. [PMID: 30328034 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1542-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The effect of duration of chronic treatment with fluoride (F, 50 mg/L as NaF) on the lipid profile, lipid droplets and triglycerides (TG) in liver was evaluated in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) previously induced by hyperlipidic diet and in animals fed normocaloric diet. In addition, the effect of F administered for a short period (20 days) was evaluated on de novo lipogenesis, by nuclear magnetic resonance. GRP78, Apo-E, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) were quantified by Western blotting. Our data indicate that F interferes in lipid metabolism and lipid droplets, having a different action depending on the exposure time and type of diet administered. F improved lipid parameters and reduced steatosis only when administered for a short period of time (up to 20 days) to animals fed normocaloric diet. However, when NAFLD was already installed, lipid parameters were only slightly improved at 20 days of treatment, but no effect was observed on the degree of steatosis. In addition, lipid profile was in general impaired when the animals were treated with F for 30 days, regardless of the diet. Moreover, F did not alter de novo lipogenesis in animals with installed NAFLD. Furthermore, hyperlipidic diet increased F accumulation in the body. GRP78 increased, while Apo-E and SREBP decreased in the F-treated groups. Our results provide new insights on how F affects lipid metabolism depending on the available energy source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Dionizio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Aparecida Barbosa Silva Pereira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Tamara Teodoro Araujo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Isabela Tomazini Sabino-Arias
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Mileni Silva Fernandes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Karina Aparecida Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Fabielle Sales Raymundo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Tânia Mary Cestari
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil
| | - Fernando Neves Nogueira
- Department of Biomaterials and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 2227, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rui Albuquerque Carvalho
- Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, Edifício São Bento, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marília Afonso Rabelo Buzalaf
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, SP, 17012-901, Brazil.
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Fina BL, Lupo M, Da Ros ER, Lombarte M, Rigalli A. Bone Strength in Growing Rats Treated with Fluoride: a Multi-dose Histomorphometric, Biomechanical and Densitometric Study. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018; 185:375-383. [PMID: 29396777 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bone deformation and fragility are common signs of skeletal fluorosis. Disorganisation of bone tissue and presence of inflammatory foci were observed after fluoride (F-) administration. Most information about F- effects on bone has been obtained in adult individuals. However, in fluorosis areas, children are a population very exposed to F- and prone to develop not only dental but also skeletal fluoroses. The aim of this work was to evaluate the bone parameters responsible for the effect of different doses of F- on fracture load of the trabecular and cortical bones using multivariate analysis in growing rats. Twenty-four 21-day-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: F0, F20, F40 and F80, which received orally 0, 20, 40 or 80 μmol F-/100 g bw/day, respectively, for 30 days. After treatment, tibiae were used for measuring bone histomorphometric and connectivity parameters, bone mineral density (BMD) and bone cortical parameters. The femurs were used for biomechanical tests and bone F- content. Trabecular bone volume was significantly decreased by F-. Consistently, we observed a significant decrease in fracture load and Young's modulus (YM) of the trabecular bone in F--treated groups. However, cortical bone parameters were not significantly affected by F-. Moreover, there were no significant differences in cortical nor trabecular BMD. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant correlation between the trabecular fracture load and YM but not with bone volume or BMD. It is concluded that when F- is administered as a single daily dose, it produces significant decrease in trabecular bone strength by changing the elasticity of the trabecular bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Lorena Fina
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, S2002KTR, Santa Fe, Argentina.
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Maela Lupo
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, S2002KTR, Santa Fe, Argentina
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Rosario National University Research Council, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Eugenia Rocío Da Ros
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, S2002KTR, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Lombarte
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, S2002KTR, Santa Fe, Argentina
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Rosario National University Research Council, Rosario, Argentina
| | - Alfredo Rigalli
- Bone Biology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Rosario National University, Rosario, S2002KTR, Santa Fe, Argentina
- National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Rosario National University Research Council, Rosario, Argentina
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Abbas M, Siddiqi MH, Khan K, Zahra K, Naqvi AUN. Haematological evaluation of sodium fluoride toxicity in oryctolagus cunniculus. Toxicol Rep 2017; 4:450-454. [PMID: 28959673 PMCID: PMC5615144 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood is promptly affected by environmental pollutants and toxicants that can cause many metabolic disorders. The high level of fluoride acts as a potential pollutant, insecticide and rodenticide with very high toxicity, associated with the hematological damage. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of Sodium Fluoride on hematological parameters in Oryctolagus cunniculus. Twenty rabbits were acclimatized and divided in to control group and three experimental groups.Experimental group-I, II and III were treated with 10, 30 and 50 mg/kg body weight doses of Sodium Fluoride orally. Various blood parameters such as TEC, Hb, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, TLC and PLT count were investigated. Result findings showed that values of blood indices in experimental groups were significantly lower than the control group. Oneway ANOVA was applied for statistical analysis. The outcomes of the current studies indicated the reduction in RBC counts (anemia), leukocyte count (leukocytopenia), monocytosis, eosinopenia, neutrophilia and thrombocytosis on fluoride intoxication. Hematological disruptions like microcytic hypochromic anemia and decreased leukocyte count may be linked to the inflammatory effects of Sodium Fluoride on lymphatic organs.
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Key Words
- ANOVA, analysis of variance
- Fluoride intoxication
- Fluorosis
- HCT, hematocrit
- Hb, hemoglobin
- Hematological
- Hypochromic anemia
- LC, leukocyte count
- Leukocyte alterations
- MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin
- MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
- MCV, mean Corpuscular Volume
- NaF, Sodium Fluoride
- PCV, Packed Cell Volume
- PLT, platelets count
- Parameters
- RBCs, red blood cells
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- SEM, standard error of mean
- TLC, total leukocyte count
- WBCs, white blood cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Abbas
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
- Department of Zoology, Government Post-graduate, Islamia College for Women, Cooper Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hassan Siddiqi
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, 87-West Canal Bank Road, Thokar Niaz Baig, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 53700, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Zahra
- Department of Zoology, Government Post-graduate, Islamia College for Women, Cooper Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Arif-un-Nisa Naqvi
- Karakoram International University, Main Campus University Road, Gilgit, (15100), Pakistan
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