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Vašková J, Stupák M, Vidová Ugurbaş M, Žatko D, Vaško L. Therapeutic Efficiency of Humic Acids in Intoxications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040971. [PMID: 37109500 PMCID: PMC10143271 DOI: 10.3390/life13040971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Humins, humic and fulvic acids represent molecules with complex structures. These compounds comprising humic substances (HS) exist naturally in soil, brown coal, peat, and water. They are formed during the decomposition and transformation of organic matter (animal and plant remains) and their formation explains several theories. Within their chemical structures, there are numerous phenolic and carboxyl groups and their derivatives that affect their different properties, such as their solubility in water or their absorption of cations or mycotoxins. The manifold chemical structure of HS alters their polyelectrolyte character and thus their chelating efficiency. For many years, HS have been studied due to their detoxification, anti-, and pro-inflammatory or anticancer and antiviral ability. This article summarizes the antioxidant and adsorption properties of humic acids, highlighting their usefulness in intoxications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marek Stupák
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Martina Vidová Ugurbaş
- Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Žatko
- Imuna Pharm, a.s., Šarišské Michaľany, 082 22 Presov, Slovakia
| | - Ladislav Vaško
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
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Vašková J, De Martino L, Caputo L, De Feo V. Two representatives of lamiaceae essential oils and their main components cause changes in glutathione related enzymatic activities. Nat Prod Res 2022; 36:680-686. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1797728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Laura De Martino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Lucia Caputo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (Salerno), Italy
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Haus M, Žatko D, Vašková J, Vaško L. The effect of humic acid in chronic deoxynivalenol intoxication. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:1612-1618. [PMID: 32851525 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The most common mycotoxin found in European foodstuffs, especially unprocessed grains, is deoxynivalenol (DON), which inhibits proteosynthesis and induces oxidative stress. The sorption properties of humic acids (HA) indicate a promising potential in the reduction of mycotoxin intoxication. In an experimental biomodel lasting 35 days, we investigated the effect of a dietary supplement containing HA on the antioxidant status in the liver, heart and kidney mitochondria and in the blood plasma of rats exposed to the stress factor of orally administered DON. DON was administered at doses of 100 and 200% above the maximum tolerable daily intake (1.0 μg/kg body weight/day). We evaluated the activities of the following enzymes: superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione-S-transferase and tripeptide glutathione. Administration of DON has been shown to induce oxidative stress, the intensity of which appears to be directly dependent on the concentration of mycotoxin. Supplementation with 1% HA (10 g/kg of feed) resulted in alleviation of this stress, in which the preventive effect of HA may have been implicated partly by affecting the adsorption of DON through the GIT and limiting its bioavailability. There were also signs that it can act by actively interfering with ROS inhibition to help achieve redox homeostasis. However, there is another aspect that deserves attention, namely, the metabolism of HA. The results presented in our work suggest that the mechanism of possible metabolism occurs predominantly in the liver, including an oxidative increase in polarity and subsequent conjugation reactions mediated by the GST-GSH system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Haus
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 044 11, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Žatko
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 044 11, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 044 11, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ladislav Vaško
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 044 11, Košice, Slovak Republic
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Vašková J, Vaško L, Mudroň P, Haus M, Žatko D, Krempaská K, Stupák M. Effect of humic acids on lead poisoning in bones and on a subcellular level in mitochondria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40679-40689. [PMID: 32671699 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Humic acids (HA) are natural substances which exhibit a remarkable spectrum of health benefits, such as their role in chelation. This study aims to supplement the current knowledge on the chelating effects of HA in chronic lead intoxication in rat femurs and in liver, heart and kidney mitochondria in an experiment lasting 10 weeks. Lead acetate trihydrate was administered to rats for 5 weeks at a daily dose of 155.5 mg/kg body weight. At the same time, rats were given three concentrations of HA, with their effect measured over the following 5 weeks. Increased Pb concentrations were detected in the femur after the first week, while HA-administered groups showed a tendency towards inhibiting the increase in Pb deposition. After 5 weeks, Pb concentrations dropped significantly in the HA groups. At the same time, however, other elements were redistributed, with a decrease in Se and Zn being particularly noteworthy. While an increase in Pb concentrations was found after 5 weeks of Pb administration, a concentration of 1% HA resulted in the least significant increase in Pb as well as an increase/decrease in Se/Cu, respectively. In mitochondria, an increase in Pb content was detected after the first and fifth weeks with concomitant redistribution of other elements. At the end of the experiment, again in the 1% HA group, Pb concentrations remained higher only in the liver with the other elements sufficiently normalized, indicating this concentration to be useful in the treatment of Pb intoxication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66, Košice, Slovak Republic.
| | - Ladislav Vaško
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Mudroň
- Clinic for Ruminants, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Martin Haus
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Daniel Žatko
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Klára Krempaská
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Marek Stupák
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Tr. SNP 1, 040 66, Košice, Slovak Republic
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