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Acute and subacute toxicity studies of CMICE-013, a novel iodinated rotenone-based myocardial perfusion tracer, in Sprague Dawley rats and Gottingen minipigs. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2016; 80:195-209. [PMID: 27177822 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Extensive acute and subacute toxicities studies are required to evaluate the toxicological profile of the novel cardiac perfusion imaging tracer (123)I-CMICE-013 to support applications for clinical trials. METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats and Gottingen minipigs received injections of non-radioactive 127I-CMICE-013 at two dosage levels of 1 and 5 μg/kg, and vehicle buffer as control. In the acute toxicity studies, each animal was injected on two occasions 24 h apart and then underwent a 14-day recovery period; in the subacute study, animals received daily injections for 14 days continuously. The health status and mortality of test animals were monitored daily and body weight, food consumption, physiological and biochemical parameters were measured at various time points during the study. Animals were euthanized at the end of the studies and dissected for pathologic examination of organs and tissues. RESULTS The acute and subacute administrations of injections of the non-radioactive CMICE-013 in rats and minipigs were well tolerated. Little to no dosing-related adverse effects were observed in animal body and organ weights, hematology, coagulation, clinical chemistry, urinalysis, ophthalmoscopy, electrocardiograms, heart rates, blood pressure, macroscopic and microscopic examination of the preserved animal tissues including the brain. CONCLUSION The lack of adverse effects from acute and subacute dosing suggest that the CMICE-013 injection solution has a reasonable safety margin within the designed concentration range to be utilized in imaging applications. The dosage level of 5 μg/kg was considered the no adverse effect level for both rats and minipigs based on our acute and subacute studies.
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Wells RG, Wei L, Petryk J, Duan Y, Marvin B, Timmins R, Soueidan K, Fernando P, Bensimon C, Ruddy TD. Flow-Dependent Uptake of ¹²³I-CMICE-013, a Novel SPECT Perfusion Agent, Compared with Standard Tracers. J Nucl Med 2015; 56:764-70. [PMID: 25840976 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.114.151563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED Rotenone derivatives have shown promise in myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). CMICE-013 is a novel (123)I-labeled rotenone derivative developed for SPECT MPI. The objective of this study was to assess the image quality of CMICE-013 and compare its uptake with tetrofosmin, sestamibi, and (201)Tl in vivo in a porcine model of stress-induced myocardial ischemia. METHODS Microspheres were injected simultaneously with the radiotracer injections at rest and stress to measure blood flow. Mimicking a 1-d tetrofosmin protocol, stress imaging used 3 times as much activity and occurred 1 h after the rest injection. SPECT images were obtained at both rest and stress. After imaging, the heart was sectioned into 44-50 pieces. In each heart sample, the tracer uptake was measured in a γ counter. The images were aligned, and the decay-corrected ratio of the signals at rest and stress was used to separate the well-counter signal into rest and stress components. The uptake at rest and stress was compared with microsphere flow measurements. RESULTS The CMICE-013 images showed good contrast between the heart and surrounding organs, with heart-to-liver and heart-to-lung uptake ratios similar to those of the standard tracers. Uptake of CMICE-013 was 1.5% of the injected dose at rest and increased more rapidly with increased blood flow than did the standard SPECT tracers. The percentage injected dose of CMICE-013 taken up by the heart was greater (P < 0.05) than (201)Tl, tetrofosmin, or sestamibi at flows greater than 1.5 mL/min/g. CONCLUSION CMICE-013 is a promising new SPECT MPI agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Glenn Wells
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Lihui Wei
- Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and Nordion Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julia Petryk
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Yin Duan
- Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and Nordion Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian Marvin
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Rachel Timmins
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Karen Soueidan
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Pasan Fernando
- Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and Nordion Inc., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Corinne Bensimon
- Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Terrence D Ruddy
- Division of Cardiology, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Canadian Molecular Imaging Center of Excellence (CMICE), University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; and
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