Polymorphism of vascular endothelial growth factor –2578C/A with cancer risk: evidence from 11263 subjects

The association of VEGF rs833061 and rs2010963 polymorphisms with susceptibility to colorectal cancer in an Iranian population

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the most important regulators of angiogenesis. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with the VEGF overexpression and tumor progression in several cancers. This study aimed to determine the association of VEGF rs833061 and rs2010963 polymorphism and their haplotypes with susceptibility to colorectal cancer (CRC) in the Iranian population. A total of 284 colorectal cancer patients (37.3% women, 62.7% men) were enrolled in this study. Healthy controls without evidence of cancer history or family cancer predispositions were frequency-matched to the cases by sex and age (± 5 years). Genotyping was performed by the Sequenom mass ARRAY method and the genotype distribution and risk estimate were analyzed by SPSS software. The correlation between the genotypes and clinicopathological parameters (Dukes stage, phenotype, location, differentiation, and tumor size) among colorectal cancer patients were investigated. We found a significant relationship, between rs833061T/C genotype and their TG haplotype with the age of diagnosis < 60; (p = 0.012, p = 0.014) and rs2010963G/C genotype with female gender and TG haplotype with third and fourth tumor stage and tumor location (p = 0.04and p = 0.047). This study showed that rs833061T/C genotype and TG haplotype increase the susceptibility to colon cancer in the Iranian population. This susceptibility has a significant relationship with the age of diagnosis and different stages of the tumor.

Genetic Effects of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGF-A) and Its Association with Disease Progression in Breast Cancer Population of Saudi Arabia

Aim:

Previous studies have shown that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) gene variants were associated with breast cancer risk. The goal of the current study was to evaluate the genetic effects of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on the risk of breast cancer and its association with disease progression.

Methodology:

This case control study was conducted on 110 Breast cancer cases and 110 gender matched healthy controls. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) 1 (-460T>C) genotyping was performed using Amplification refractory mutation system PCR method. The vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) (-460T>C) genotypes were collated with different clinicopathological features of breast cancer patients.

Results:

A significant difference was observed between the genotype distribution of VEGF-A (-460T>C) among breast cancer cases and gender matched healthy controls (p=0.006). The frequencies of all three genotypes CC,CT,TT reported in the breast cancer patients and sex matched healthy controls were 4.54%, 46.36% ,49.20% and 7.27%, 64.54%, 28.18% respectively. The increased susceptibility to breast cancer disease was found to be associated with VEGF (-460T>C) CC vs TT variant in codominant inheritance model OR 2.78 (0.83-9.26) RR 1.68(1.01 to 2.81) P=0.04. A significant association was reported with VEGF (-460T>C) (CC+CT vs. TT) variant in recessive inheritance model, (OR=2.45 (95% CI= (1.40-4.29), P=0.003. Our findings indicated that VEGF (-460T>C) TT genotype is associated with an increased susceptibility to breast cancer disease. Our result indicates a potential dominant effect of VEGF (-460T>C) TT genotype on susceptibility to the breast cancer disease.

Conclusion:

VEGF (-460T>C) TT genotype significantly increased the risk of breast cancer. VEGF-A (-460T>C) genetic ariability was significantly associated with distant metastasis of the disease. It may be a useful as predisposing genetic marker for breast cancer .Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm our findings.

Pharmacogenetics of anticancer monoclonal antibodies

Pharmacogenetics is the study of therapeutic and adverse responses to drugs based on an individual’s genetic background. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are a rapidly evolving field in cancer therapy, however a number of newly developed and highly effective mAbs (e.g., anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1) possess pharmacogenomic profiles that remain largely undefined. Since the first chemotherapeutic mAb Rituximab was approved in 1997 by the US Food and Drug Administration for cancer treatment, a broad number of other mAbs have been successfully developed and implemented into oncological practice. Nowadays, mAbs are considered as one of the most promising new approaches for cancer treatment. The efficacy of mAb treatment can however be significantly affected by genetic background, where genes responsible for antibody presentation and metabolism, for example, can seriously affect patient outcome. This review will focus on current anticancer mAb treatments, patient genetics that shape their efficacy, and the molecular pathways that bridge the two.

The VEGF gene polymorphism impacts brain volume and arterial blood volume

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a critical role in the angiogenesis and proliferation of various types of cells such as neurons, astroglia, and endothelial cells in the brain. A common polymorphism in the VEGF gene (-2578 C/A) is associated with circulating VEGF levels, cancers and Alzheimer's disease. Nonetheless, the effects of this polymorphism on normal human brain volume, arterial blood volume, and blood supply remain unclear. In this study, the effects of this polymorphism on the total gray matter volume (TGMV) and total white matter volume (TWMV) using T1-weighted structural images and the total arterial blood volume (TABV) and mean cerebral blood flow (mCBF) during rest using arterial spin labeling (ASL) in 765 young adult humans were investigated. Voxel-by-voxel whole-brain analyses of these measures were also performed. Multiple regression analyses with age and sex as covariates revealed that the VEGF genotype (number of C alleles) was significantly and positively correlated with TGMV, TWMV, and TABV as well as with regional gray and white matter volumes in widespread areas and regional arterial blood volume in some areas with high arterial blood volume. However, these regional associations were not seen when the corresponding global signal was included as a covariate in the multiple regression analyses, indicating that we failed to obtain evidence of region-specific associations between these brain measures and the genotype. The results suggest that the VEGF-2578C allele, is associated with changes in the vascular system that lead to increased blood volume and larger brain volume. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3516-3526, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

rs833061 and rs699947 on promoter gene of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and associated lung cancer susceptibility and survival: a meta-analysis

Background

As 2 important SNPs located in the promoter region of VEGF gene, the roles of rs833061 (−460C>T) and rs699947 (−2578C>A) in lung cancer susceptibility and survival remain inconclusive and controversial.

Material/Methods

For better understanding of these 2 SNPs in lung cancer risk and survival, a meta-analysis was performed to pool findings of previous studies and to generate large-scale evidence.

Results

Based on the 10 eligible studies included, this study observed that the −460C>T polymorphism generally had no significant effect on lung cancer risk. However, subgroup analysis found that −460TT homozygote variant might confer significantly increased cancer risk for Asians (TT vs. CC: OR=1.69, 95% CI 1.08–2.63, p=0.02), but not in Caucasians. Similar results were observed in −2578C>A in Asians (AA vs. CC: OR=3.00, 95% CI 1.51–5.95, p=0.002; AA vs. AC: OR=3.15, 95% CI 1.00–9.91, p=0.05; AA vs. (AC+CC): OR=2.92, 95% CI 1.51–5.65, p=0.001). In lung cancer survival, 4 trials included had conflicting results. One found −460C>T polymorphism had no effect on survival, 1 observed risk increasing, while the remaining 2 observed risk decreasing. This inconsistency was closely related to the different therapeutic practices applied in different studies, the effects of which were significantly affected by VEGF expression.

Conclusions

−460TT and −2578AA homozygote might lead to significantly increased cancer risk for Asians, but the effects on survival remain to be explored. These 2 SNPs might be potential indicators of lung cancer risk for Asians and should be considered when planning chemotherapy and radiotherapy for lung cancer patients.

C-reactive protein as a prognostic marker in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

The present study aimed to evaluate whether circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels are a biomarker of systemic inflammation and a significant predictor of future chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) outcome. During the study, 116 patients with stable COPD and 35 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects with normal pulmonary function were observed. Patient follow-up was also performed to evaluate the strength of the associations between CRP levels and future outcomes. The observations from the present study showed that serum CRP levels were significantly higher in stable COPD patients than in control subjects (4.48±0.83 vs. 1.01±0.27 mg/l, respectively; P<0.05). In addition, it was identified that a serum CRP concentration of >3 mg/l is a poor prognostic variable of COPD compared with a CRP concentration of ≤3 mg/l [hazard ratio (HR), 2.71; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–6.99; P<0.05]. A quantitative synthesis of four studies including 1,750 COPD patients was performed and statistically similar results were obtained (HR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.14–2.07; P<0.01). The present study showed that circulating CRP levels are higher in stable COPD patients and, therefore, may be used as a long-term predictor of future outcomes. These observations highlight the importance of high sensitivity CRP assays in patients with stable COPD.

Vascular endothelial growth factor -634G/C and vascular endothelial growth factor -2578C/A polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a case-control study and meta-analysis

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major regulator of angiogenesis in the process of tumor growth and metastasis. In present study, we conducted a case-control study and meta-analysis to evaluate the genetic effects of VEGF -634G/C and VEGF -2578C/A polymorphisms and risk of lung cancer. A total of 175 subjects were recruited for case-control study and seven studies were included in the meta-analysis. Our case-control study showed that VEGF -634G/C polymorphism had no association with lung cancer risk (CC vs. GG: OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.37-2.11), whereas there was an association between VEGF -2578CC genotype and decrease in lung cancer risk (CC vs.

CA/AA

OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.28-0.96). A meta-analysis was further performed and statistically similar results were obtained (CC vs. GG: OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.60-1.39 for VEGF -634; CC vs. AA: OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.32-0.89 for VEGF -2578). Our study showed that the variant genotypes of the VEGF -2578C/A polymorphism, but not the VEGF -634G/C polymorphism, was associated with lung cancer risk. More studies are needed to detect VEGF -634G/C and VEGF -2578 polymorphisms and their association with lung cancer in different ethnic populations incorporated with environmental exposures.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) -2578C/A and -460C/T gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis involving 11 case-control studies

The aim of this meta-analysis is to generate large-scale evidence on whether common vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene polymorphisms (-2578C/A [dbSNP: rs699947] and -460C/T [dbSNP: rs833061]) are associated with lung cancer. A literature search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CBM databases was conducted to identify all eligible studies published before May 3, 2013. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding confidence intervals (95% CIs) were used to evaluate the strength of the association. Eleven case-control studies were included with a total of 3,861 lung cancer cases and 3,676 controls in this meta-analysis. For the VEGF -2578C/A polymorphism, the combined results showed that there exist highly significant risk factors for individuals carrying the A allele resulting in lung cancer, and the magnitude of this effect was similar in smoker patients and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients. Unlike the situation with the -2578C/A polymorphism, the VEGF -460C/T polymorphism is not associated with the risk of lung cancer in neither Asians nor Caucasians. However, when stratified according to smoking status and histological types of lung cancer, we found that the T allele (-460C/T) was associated with decreased lung cancer risk among nonsmoker patients and SCC patients. Our findings showed that the -2578C/A polymorphism may increase lung cancer risk, especially in smoker patients and SCC patients, whereas the -460C/T polymorphism may decrease lung cancer risk, especially in nonsmoker patients and SCC patients.

The prognostic value of miR-21 and miR-155 in non-small-cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis

OBJECTIVE

miR-21 and miR-155 have been implicated in the prognosis of non-small-cell lung cancer, but the results are controversial. To resolve this issue, we performed a meta-analysis on miR-21 and miR-155 and  non-small-cell lung cancer prognosis and lymphoid metastasis.

METHODS

Eligible data were extracted and the correlation between miR-21 and miR-155 and non-small-cell lung cancer survival was analyzed by calculating a pooled hazard ratio and sensitivity analysis. The heterogeneity was detected by Q statistic and I-squared statistic, and the publication bias was tested by funnel plots and Egger's test.

RESULTS

Nineteen studies were included. High miR-21 level (hazard ratio = 2.00, 95% confidence interval = 1.38-2.89, P = 0.000 for heterogeneity test, I(2) = 84.9%) and high miR-155 level (hazard ratio = 1.65, 95% confidence interval = 1.11-2.44, P = 0.004 for heterogeneity test, I(2) = 68.3%) were significantly associated with worse non-small-cell lung cancer survival. Furthermore, a high miR-21 level was associated with an increased risk of lymphoid infiltration for non-small-cell lung cancer (odds ratio = 1.93; 95% confidence interval = 1.31-2.85). Funnel plot and Egger's test suggested that there was no publication bias in the current meta-analysis.

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis provides evidence that miR-21 and miR-155 are predicting factors for non-small-cell lung cancer prognosis and lymphoid infiltration.

Interleukin-10 -592C/A, -819C/T and -1082A/G Polymorphisms with Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A HuGE Review and Meta-analysis

Background

Several studies have been conducted in recent years to evaluate the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-10. However, the results remain conflicting rather than conclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize the current evidence from case-control studies that evaluated this association.

Methods

We carried out a search in Medline, EMBASE, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database for relevant studies. Data were extracted using a standardized form and pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the strength of the association.

Results

10 studies were included in our meta-analysis and systemic review. Our meta-analysis indicated that IL-10 −1082A/G polymorphism was associated with the risk of T2DM (GA vs. AA: OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03–1.14; GA/GG vs. AA: OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.05–1.41), whereas there was no association between IL-10 −592C/A (CC/CA vs. AA: OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 0.59–1.93) or -819C/T (CC/CT vs. TT: OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.49–1.75) polymorphism and T2DM risk was found in our study.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis provides strong evidence that IL-10 −1082A/G polymorphism associated with risk of T2DM. However, no association of the IL-10 −592C/A or −819C/T polymorphism with T2DM risk was found. Additional well-designed large studies were required for the validation of our results.

Comparative study and meta-analysis of meta-analysis studies for the correlation of genomic markers with early cancer detection

A large number of common disorders, including cancer, have complex genetic traits, with multiple genetic and environmental components contributing to susceptibility. A literature search revealed that even among several meta-analyses, there were ambiguous results and conclusions. In the current study, we conducted a thorough meta-analysis gathering the published meta-analysis studies previously reported to correlate any random effect or predictive value of genome variations in certain genes for various types of cancer. The overall analysis was initially aimed to result in associations (1) among genes which when mutated lead to different types of cancer (e.g. common metabolic pathways) and (2) between groups of genes and types of cancer. We have meta-analysed 150 meta-analysis articles which included 4,474 studies, 2,452,510 cases and 3,091,626 controls (5,544,136 individuals in total) including various racial groups and other population groups (native Americans, Latinos, Aborigines, etc.). Our results were not only consistent with previously published literature but also depicted novel correlations of genes with new cancer types. Our analysis revealed a total of 17 gene-disease pairs that are affected and generated gene/disease clusters, many of which proved to be independent of the criteria used, which suggests that these clusters are biologically meaningful.

Polymorphism of VEGF-460C/T associated with the risk and clinical characteristics of lung cancer in Chinese population

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a major regulator of angiogenesis in the process of tumor growth and metastasis. Different VEGF gene polymorphisms have been shown to result in different VEGF protein expression in cancer cells and tumor angiogenic activity. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the genetic effects of VEGF-460C/T polymorphism on the development of lung cancer. One hundred and twenty-six lung cancer patients and 160 sex-, age-, and ethnic-matched healthy controls were recruited for this study. The genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Our study showed that the TT genotype was associated with increased lung cancer risk than those with the CC (OR = 1.99, 95 % CI 1.05-3.77) or CT/CC (OR = 1.89, 95 % CI 1.17-3.06) genotype. Moreover, it was observed that the TT genotype associated with the advanced stage among lung cancer patients (TT vs. CC: OR = 3.09, 95 % CI 1.10-8.66). More studies are needed to detect VEGF-460C/T polymorphism and its association with lung cancer in different ethnic populations incorporated with environmental exposures.

Meta-analysis of the association between VEGF-634 G>C and risk of malignancy based on 23 case-control studies

PURPOSE

The association between polymorphism of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-634 G>C and malignancy risk has been widely studied, and no conclusive result was available up to now.

METHODS

Twenty-three case-control studies with 21,917 individuals were included in this meta-analysis through searching the databases of Medline, Embase, and CNKI (up to October 1st, 2010). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) were used to investigate the strength of the association.

RESULTS

Overall, the pooled analysis showed that there was no association between VEGF-634 G>C and risk of malignancy, and the ORs (95%CIs) were 0.98 (0.85-1.12) for GG versus CC, 1.03 (0.90-1.17) for GC versus CC, 1.00 (0.89-1.13) for G carrier versus CC, and 1.08 (0.94-1.23) for C carrier versus GG. Subgroup analyses according to ethnicity, source of control, type of cancer, and sample size were also performed, and results indicated that VEGF-634 G>C was not associated with risk of malignancy for neither Asians [1.06 (0.81-1.38) for GG vs. CC and 1.08 (0.84-1.39) for GC vs. CC] nor Caucasians [0.93 (0.83-1.05) for GG vs. CC and 0.98 (0.87-1.10) for GC vs. CC]. It was also not associated with risk of breast cancer [0.95 (0.81-1.12) for GG vs. CC], gastric cancer [0.93 (0.47-1.84) for GG vs. CC], and colorectal cancer [1.17 (0.93-1.47) for GG vs. CC].

CONCLUSIONS

This meta-analysis suggests that VEGF-634 G>C may be not associated with risk of malignancy. More studies with larger sample size were needed to provide more precise evidence.

Genetic variation in VEGF family genes and breast cancer risk: a report from the Shanghai Breast Cancer Genetics Study

BACKGROUND

In addition to mediating aspects of physiologic and pathologic angiogenesis, the VEGF family also contributes to carcinogenesis.

METHODS

We comprehensively characterized genetic variation across four VEGF family genes and evaluated associations with breast cancer risk with odds ratios (OR) and 95% CIs for participants of the two-stage case-control Shanghai Breast Cancer Genetics Study (SBCGS). Stage 1 evaluated 200 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) across two VEGF ligands (VEGFA and VEGFC) and two VEGF receptors (FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2) among 2,079 cases and 2,148 controls. Five SNPs with promising associations were assessed in stage 2 among 4,419 cases and 1,851 controls.

RESULTS

Two SNPs were consistently associated with breast cancer risk across our two study stages and were significant in combined analyses. Compared with FLT1 rs9551471 major allele homozygotes (AA), reduced risks were associated with AG (OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.84-1.00) and GG (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64-0.95) genotypes (P(trend) = 0.005). Compared with VEGFA rs833070 major allele carriers (CC or CT), increased risk was associated with TT genotypes (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.05-1.52, P = 0.016).

CONCLUSION

Results from our study indicate that common genetic variation in VEGFA and FLT1 (VEGFR1) may contribute to breast cancer susceptibility.

IMPACT

Our findings provide clues for future studies on VEGF family genes in relation to cancer susceptibility and survival.