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Garcia-Segura P, Malagelada C. STAT3 and REDD1: an unconventional story of gene repression. FEBS J 2023; 290:1735-1739. [PMID: 36715132 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The non-canonical functions of the transcription factor STAT3 have been poorly studied in comparison to its canonical mechanisms of gene expression activation. Here, Köhler et al. put the spotlight on a novel unconventional repressing mechanism of STAT3 over the REDD1 gene, named DDIT4. These findings are crucial to expand the knowledge of the stress-induced short-lived REDD1 protein that inactivates mTOR and the consequences of this fine-tuned regulation in the context of pathological conditions such as cancer or neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pol Garcia-Segura
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, and Health Sciences, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Pérez-Sisqués L, Solana-Balaguer J, Campoy-Campos G, Martín-Flores N, Sancho-Balsells A, Vives-Isern M, Soler-Palazón F, Garcia-Forn M, Masana M, Alberch J, Pérez-Navarro E, Giralt A, Malagelada C. RTP801/REDD1 Is Involved in Neuroinflammation and Modulates Cognitive Dysfunction in Huntington's Disease. Biomolecules 2021; 12:34. [PMID: 35053183 PMCID: PMC8773874 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
RTP801/REDD1 is a stress-regulated protein whose levels are increased in several neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases (HD). RTP801 downregulation ameliorates behavioral abnormalities in several mouse models of these disorders. In HD, RTP801 mediates mutant huntingtin (mhtt) toxicity in in vitro models and its levels are increased in human iPSCs, human postmortem putamen samples, and in striatal synaptosomes from mouse models of the disease. Here, we investigated the role of RTP801 in the hippocampal pathophysiology of HD. We found that RTP801 levels are increased in the hippocampus of HD patients in correlation with gliosis markers. Although RTP801 expression is not altered in the hippocampus of the R6/1 mouse model of HD, neuronal RTP801 silencing in the dorsal hippocampus with shRNA containing AAV particles ameliorates cognitive alterations. This recovery is associated with a partial rescue of synaptic markers and with a reduction in inflammatory events, especially microgliosis. Altogether, our results indicate that RTP801 could be a marker of hippocampal neuroinflammation in HD patients and a promising therapeutic target of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Pérez-Sisqués
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
| | - Júlia Solana-Balaguer
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
| | - Genís Campoy-Campos
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
| | - Núria Martín-Flores
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
| | - Anna Sancho-Balsells
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcel Vives-Isern
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
| | - Ferran Soler-Palazón
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
| | - Marta Garcia-Forn
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mercè Masana
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Pérez-Navarro
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
| | - Albert Giralt
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (L.P.-S.); (J.S.-B.); (G.C.-C.); (N.M.-F.); (A.S.-B.); (M.V.-I.); (F.S.-P.); (M.G.-F.); (M.M.); (J.A.); (E.P.-N.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28031 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Monk R, Connor B. Cell Reprogramming to Model Huntington's Disease: A Comprehensive Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071565. [PMID: 34206228 PMCID: PMC8306243 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive decline of motor, cognitive, and psychiatric functions. HD results from an autosomal dominant mutation that causes a trinucleotide CAG repeat expansion and the production of mutant Huntingtin protein (mHTT). This results in the initial selective and progressive loss of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum before progressing to involve the whole brain. There are currently no effective treatments to prevent or delay the progression of HD as knowledge into the mechanisms driving the selective degeneration of MSNs has been hindered by a lack of access to live neurons from individuals with HD. The invention of cell reprogramming provides a revolutionary technique for the study, and potential treatment, of neurological conditions. Cell reprogramming technologies allow for the generation of live disease-affected neurons from patients with neurological conditions, becoming a primary technique for modelling these conditions in vitro. The ability to generate HD-affected neurons has widespread applications for investigating the pathogenesis of HD, the identification of new therapeutic targets, and for high-throughput drug screening. Cell reprogramming also offers a potential autologous source of cells for HD cell replacement therapy. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the use of cell reprogramming to model HD and a discussion on recent advancements in cell reprogramming technologies that will benefit the HD field.
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Pérez-Sisqués L, Sancho-Balsells A, Solana-Balaguer J, Campoy-Campos G, Vives-Isern M, Soler-Palazón F, Anglada-Huguet M, López-Toledano MÁ, Mandelkow EM, Alberch J, Giralt A, Malagelada C. RTP801/REDD1 contributes to neuroinflammation severity and memory impairments in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:616. [PMID: 34131105 PMCID: PMC8206344 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
RTP801/REDD1 is a stress-regulated protein whose upregulation is necessary and sufficient to trigger neuronal death. Its downregulation in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease models ameliorates the pathological phenotypes. In the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the coding gene for RTP801, DDIT4, is responsive to Aβ and modulates its cytotoxicity in vitro. Also, RTP801 mRNA levels are increased in AD patients' lymphocytes. However, the involvement of RTP801 in the pathophysiology of AD has not been yet tested. Here, we demonstrate that RTP801 levels are increased in postmortem hippocampal samples from AD patients. Interestingly, RTP801 protein levels correlated with both Braak and Thal stages of the disease and with GFAP expression. RTP801 levels are also upregulated in hippocampal synaptosomal fractions obtained from murine 5xFAD and rTg4510 mice models of the disease. A local RTP801 knockdown in the 5xFAD hippocampal neurons with shRNA-containing AAV particles ameliorates cognitive deficits in 7-month-old animals. Upon RTP801 silencing in the 5xFAD mice, no major changes were detected in hippocampal synaptic markers or spine density. Importantly, we found an unanticipated recovery of several gliosis hallmarks and inflammasome key proteins upon neuronal RTP801 downregulation in the 5xFAD mice. Altogether our results suggest that RTP801 could be a potential future target for theranostic studies since it could be a biomarker of neuroinflammation and neurotoxicity severity of the disease and, at the same time, a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Pérez-Sisqués
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Sancho-Balsells
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Júlia Solana-Balaguer
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Genís Campoy-Campos
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marcel Vives-Isern
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ferran Soler-Palazón
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Anglada-Huguet
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- CAESAR Research Center, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Eva-Maria Mandelkow
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Bonn, Germany
- CAESAR Research Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Albert Giralt
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
- Production and Validation Center of Advanced Therapies (Creatio), Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Departament de Biomedicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain.
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Monk R, Lee K, Jones KS, Connor B. Directly reprogrammed Huntington's disease neural precursor cells generate striatal neurons exhibiting aggregates and impaired neuronal maturation. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:1410-1422. [PMID: 34028139 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of striatal medium spiny neurons. Using a highly efficient protocol for direct reprogramming of adult human fibroblasts with chemically modified mRNA, we report the first generation of HD induced neural precursor cells (iNPs) expressing striatal lineage markers that differentiated into DARPP32+ neurons from individuals with adult-onset HD (41-57 CAG). While no transcriptional differences between normal and HD reprogrammed neurons were detected by NanoString nCounter analysis, a subpopulation of HD reprogrammed neurons contained ubiquitinated polyglutamine aggregates. Importantly, reprogrammed HD neurons exhibited impaired neuronal maturation, displaying altered neurite morphology and more depolarized resting membrane potentials. Reduced BDNF protein expression in reprogrammed HD neurons correlated with increased CAG repeat lengths and earlier symptom onset. This model represents a platform for investigating impaired neuronal maturation and screening for neuronal maturation modifiers to treat HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Monk
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Brain Research, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kevin Lee
- Department of Physiology, Centre for Brain Research, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kathryn S Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bronwen Connor
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Centre for Brain Research, School of Medical Science, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Pérez-Sisqués L, Martín-Flores N, Masana M, Solana-Balaguer J, Llobet A, Romaní-Aumedes J, Canal M, Campoy-Campos G, García-García E, Sánchez-Fernández N, Fernández-García S, Gilbert JP, Rodríguez MJ, Man HY, Feinstein E, Williamson DL, Soto D, Gasull X, Alberch J, Malagelada C. RTP801 regulates motor cortex synaptic transmission and learning. Exp Neurol 2021; 342:113755. [PMID: 33984337 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2021.113755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RTP801/REDD1 is a stress-regulated protein whose upregulation is necessary and sufficient to trigger neuronal death in in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases and is up regulated in compromised neurons in human postmortem brains of both neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, in both Parkinson's and Huntington's disease mouse models, RTP801 knockdown alleviates motor-learning deficits. RESULTS We investigated the physiological role of RTP801 in neuronal plasticity and we found RTP801 in rat, mouse and human synapses. The absence of RTP801 enhanced excitatory synaptic transmission in both neuronal cultures and brain slices from RTP801 knock-out (KO) mice. Indeed, RTP801 KO mice showed improved motor learning, which correlated with lower spine density but increased basal filopodia and mushroom spines in the motor cortex layer V. This paralleled with higher levels of synaptosomal GluA1 and TrkB receptors in homogenates derived from KO mice motor cortex, proteins that are associated with synaptic strengthening. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these results indicate that RTP801 has an important role modulating neuronal plasticity and motor learning. They will help to understand its role in neurodegenerative disorders where RTP801 levels are detrimentally upregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Pérez-Sisqués
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Núria Martín-Flores
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mercè Masana
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS- Institut d'Investigacions BiomèdiquesAugust Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Júlia Solana-Balaguer
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Arnau Llobet
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Romaní-Aumedes
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mercè Canal
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Genís Campoy-Campos
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esther García-García
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS- Institut d'Investigacions BiomèdiquesAugust Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - Sara Fernández-García
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS- Institut d'Investigacions BiomèdiquesAugust Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - James P Gilbert
- Department of Biology, Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Manuel José Rodríguez
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS- Institut d'Investigacions BiomèdiquesAugust Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Heng-Ye Man
- Department of Biology, Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - David L Williamson
- Kinesiology Program, School of Behavioral Sciences and Education, Penn State Harrisburg, Middletown, PA 17057, USA
| | - David Soto
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS- Institut d'Investigacions BiomèdiquesAugust Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Gasull
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS- Institut d'Investigacions BiomèdiquesAugust Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; IDIBAPS- Institut d'Investigacions BiomèdiquesAugust Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Barcelona, 08036, Catalonia, Spain.
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7
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Britto FA, Dumas K, Giorgetti-Peraldi S, Ollendorff V, Favier FB. Is REDD1 a metabolic double agent? Lessons from physiology and pathology. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C807-C824. [PMID: 32877205 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00340.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway governs macromolecule synthesis, cell growth, and metabolism in response to nutrients and growth factors. Regulated in development and DNA damage response (REDD)1 is a conserved and ubiquitous protein, which is transiently induced in response to multiple stimuli. Acting like an endogenous inhibitor of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, REDD1 protein has been shown to regulate cell growth, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Recent studies also indicate that timely REDD1 expression limits Akt/mTOR-dependent synthesis processes to spare energy during metabolic stresses, avoiding energy collapse and detrimental consequences. In contrast to this beneficial role for metabolic adaptation, REDD1 chronic expression appears involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases. Indeed, REDD1 expression is found as an early biomarker in many pathologies including inflammatory diseases, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, depression, diabetes, and obesity. Moreover, prolonged REDD1 expression is associated with cell apoptosis, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and inflammation activation leading to tissue damage. In this review, we decipher several mechanisms that make REDD1 a likely metabolic double agent depending on its duration of expression in different physiological and pathological contexts. We also discuss the role played by REDD1 in the cross talk between the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and the energetic metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karine Dumas
- Université Cote d'Azur, INSERM, UMR1065, C3M, Nice, France
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8
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Martín-Flores N, Pérez-Sisqués L, Creus-Muncunill J, Masana M, Ginés S, Alberch J, Pérez-Navarro E, Malagelada C. Synaptic RTP801 contributes to motor-learning dysfunction in Huntington's disease. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:569. [PMID: 32732871 PMCID: PMC7392897 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02775-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
RTP801/REDD1 is a stress-responsive protein that mediates mutant huntingtin (mhtt) toxicity in cellular models and is up regulated in Huntington's disease (HD) patients' putamen. Here, we investigated whether RTP801 is involved in motor impairment in HD by affecting striatal synaptic plasticity. To explore this hypothesis, ectopic mhtt was over expressed in cultured rat primary neurons. Moreover, the protein levels of RTP801 were assessed in homogenates and crude synaptic fractions from human postmortem HD brains and mouse models of HD. Finally, striatal RTP801 expression was knocked down with adeno-associated viral particles containing a shRNA in the R6/1 mouse model of HD and motor learning was then tested. Ectopic mhtt elevated RTP801 in synapses of cultured neurons. RTP801 was also up regulated in striatal synapses from HD patients and mouse models. Knocking down RTP801 in the R6/1 mouse striatum prevented motor-learning impairment. RTP801 silencing normalized the Ser473 Akt hyperphosphorylation by downregulating Rictor and it induced synaptic elevation of calcium permeable GluA1 subunit and TrkB receptor levels, suggesting an enhancement in synaptic plasticity. These results indicate that mhtt-induced RTP801 mediates motor dysfunction in a HD murine model, revealing a potential role in the human disease. These findings open a new therapeutic framework focused on the RTP801/Akt/mTOR axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Martín-Flores
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Leticia Pérez-Sisqués
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Creus-Muncunill
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- IDIBAPS-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Masana
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- IDIBAPS-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sílvia Ginés
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- IDIBAPS-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Alberch
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- IDIBAPS-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Pérez-Navarro
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- IDIBAPS-Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08036, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Malagelada
- Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, University of Barcelona, 08036, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 08036, Barcelona, Spain.
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Su J, Wang M, Yan Y, Ju S, Chen J, Wu X. Increased REDD1 facilitates neuronal damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurochem Int 2019; 128:14-20. [PMID: 30930273 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Regulated in development and DNA damage responses 1 (REDD1) is a highly conserved stress-response protein and can be induced by hypoxia/ischemia and DNA damage. However, it is not known whether REDD1 involves in neuronal damage caused by subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) that is known as one of the most important causes of disability and death worldwide. Here, we first found that SAH markedly induced the increase of REDD1 (35.467 ng/ml) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients at acute stage (within 24 h from bleeding) compared to that of control (0.644 ng/ml). And, REDD1 level was positively correlated with severity of brain injuries (Hunt-Hess grade of SAH), but it showed an obvious decline at recovery stage 6.201 ng/ml (before discharge from hospital) because of good recovery. Moreover, it was found that the expression of REDD1 was significantly induced by hemolysate in a dose-dependent way in neurons. Knockdown of REDD1 by lentivirus encoded REDD1-shRNA could inhibit the neuronal apoptosis and LDH leakage caused by hemolysate. Importantly, the level of REDD1 in peripheral blood of SAH patients was significantly higher (4.364 ng/ml) than that of healthy persons (1.317 ng/ml) and also was positively correlated with that in CSF. Taken together, our findings provide the novel and direct evidence that REDD1 could play a critical role of process of neuronal damage caused by SAH, suggesting a new molecular target to protect brain function from SAH injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yaohua Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
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10
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Su J, Huang H, Ju S, Shi J. Elevated RTP801 promotes cell proliferation in non-small cell lung cancer. IUBMB Life 2018; 70:310-319. [PMID: 29485721 DOI: 10.1002/iub.1727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianyou Su
- Laboratory Medicine Center; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong China
| | - Hua Huang
- Department of Pathology; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong China
| | - Shaoqing Ju
- Laboratory Medicine Center; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong China
| | - Jiahai Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University; Nantong China
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11
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Labadorf A, Choi SH, Myers RH. Evidence for a Pan-Neurodegenerative Disease Response in Huntington's and Parkinson's Disease Expression Profiles. Front Mol Neurosci 2018; 10:430. [PMID: 29375298 PMCID: PMC5768647 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huntington's and Parkinson's Diseases (HD and PD) are neurodegenerative disorders that share some pathological features but are disparate in others. For example, while both diseases are marked by aberrant protein aggregation in the brain, the specific proteins that aggregate and types of neurons affected differ. A better understanding of the molecular similarities and differences between these two diseases may lead to a more complete mechanistic picture of both the individual diseases and the neurodegenerative process in general. We sought to characterize the common transcriptional signature of HD and PD as well as genes uniquely implicated in each of these diseases using mRNA-Seq data from post mortem human brains in comparison to neuropathologically normal controls. The enriched biological pathways implicated by HD differentially expressed genes show remarkable consistency with those for PD differentially expressed genes and implicate the common biological processes of neuroinflammation, apoptosis, transcriptional dysregulation, and neuron-associated functions. Comparison of the differentially expressed (DE) genes highlights a set of consistently altered genes that span both diseases. In particular, processes involving nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB) and transcription factor cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) are the most prominent among the genes common to HD and PD. When the combined HD and PD data are compared to controls, relatively few additional biological processes emerge as significantly enriched, suggesting that most pathways are independently seen within each disorder. Despite showing comparable numbers of DE genes, DE genes unique to HD are enriched in far more coherent biological processes than the DE genes unique to PD, suggesting that PD may represent a more heterogeneous disorder. The complexity of the biological processes implicated by this analysis provides impetus for the development of better experimental models to validate the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Labadorf
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Seung H Choi
- Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Richard H Myers
- Bioinformatics Program, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Neurology, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States.,Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
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12
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Tousley A, Kegel-Gleason KB. Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells in Huntington's Disease Research: Progress and Opportunity. J Huntingtons Dis 2017; 5:99-131. [PMID: 27372054 PMCID: PMC4942721 DOI: 10.3233/jhd-160199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from controls and patients can act as a starting point for in vitro differentiation into human brain cells for discovery of novel targets and treatments for human disease without the same ethical limitations posed by embryonic stem cells. Numerous groups have successfully produced and characterized Huntington’s disease (HD) iPSCs with different CAG repeat lengths, including cells from patients with one or two HD alleles. HD iPSCs and the neural cell types derived from them recapitulate some disease phenotypes found in both human patients and animal models. Although these discoveries are encouraging, the use of iPSCs for cutting edge and reproducible research has been limited due to some of the inherent problems with cell lines and the technological differences in the way laboratories use them. The goal of this review is to summarize the current state of the HD iPSC field, and to highlight some of the issues that need to be addressed to maximize their potential as research tools.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly B. Kegel-Gleason
- Correspondence to: Kimberly Kegel-Gleason, Assistant Professor in Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 114 16th Street, Room 2001, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA. Tel.: +1 617 724 8754; E-mail:
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13
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Huang X, Yang K, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Li Y. Quinolinic acid induces cell apoptosis in PC12 cells through HIF-1-dependent RTP801 activation. Metab Brain Dis 2016; 31:435-44. [PMID: 26738727 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-015-9782-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurological disease comprises a series of disorders featuring brain dysfunction and neuronal cell death. Among the factors contributing to neuronal death, excitotoxicity induced by excitatory amino acids, such as glutamate, plays a critical role. However, the mechanisms about how the excitatory amino acids induce neuronal death remain elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of HIF-1α (hypoxia inducible factor-1α) and RTP801 in cell apoptosis induced by quinolinic acid (QUIN), a glutamatergic agonist, in PC12 cells. We found that QUIN at 5 μM increased the expression of HIF-1α significantly with a peak at 24 h. After the treatment with QUIN (5-20 μM) for 24 h, the cells exhibited decreased viability and cell apoptosis with a concomitant increased expression of apoptosis related proteins. QUIN treatment also induced the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species and RTP801 up-regulation in a HIF-1α-dependent manner that were inhibited by 2-methoxyestradiol, a HIF-1α inhibitor. Importantly, HIF-1 or RTP801 invalidation by siRNA rescued the cell apoptosis induced by QUIN or cobalt chloride, a chemical inducer of HIF-1. Taken together, these findings support the concept that neurotoxicity induced by QUIN is associated with HIF-1-dependent RTP801 activation and provide insight into the potential of RTP801 inhibitor in treatment of neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojia Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China.
| | - Kaiyong Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Yongjin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
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