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Cakir A, Elcin G, Kilickap S, Gököz Ö, Taskiran ZE, Celik İ. Phenotypic and Genetic Features that Differ Between Hereditary and Sporadic Melanoma: Results of a Preliminary Study from a Single Center from Turkey. Dermatol Pract Concept 2023; 13:e2023146. [PMID: 37557112 PMCID: PMC10412028 DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1303a146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Most melanoma patients under our supervision lack characteristic phenotypic features for melanoma. In contrast, history of cancers other than melanoma and early age at onset were common. This observation was in favor of hereditary melanoma. OBJECTIVES To search for the phenotypic and genetic features that differ between sporadic and hereditary melanomas. METHODS In order to reveal phenotypic features, detailed physical exam was conducted to all melanoma patients (N = 43) and for genetic features. CDKN2A and MC1R mutations were detected with Sanger sequencing method. Assignment to hereditary and sporadic groups was done according to the "melanoma cancer syndrome assessment tool". Patients who were diagnosed before the age of 50 were also assigned to the hereditary melanoma group. RESULTS Thirty-one patients were assigned to the hereditary group and 12 to the sporadic group. Fair eye color was statistically significantly higher in the sporadic group (P = 0.000). CDKN2A was detected in only 1 patient in the hereditary group. MC1R mutations were found in 12 out of 13 (92.3%) in the hereditary group with a score =3 points, 13 out of 18 (72.2%) in the early age at onset group and 5 out of 12 (41.7%) in the sporadic group (P = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS Incidence of CDKN2A mutations in our hereditary group is in accordance with the reported incidences from Mediterranean countries. The difference between the hereditary and sporadic groups in terms of MC1R mutations supports the idea that MC1R genetic testing might help to determine patients with higher risk for hereditary melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysel Cakir
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gonca Elcin
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Saadettin Kilickap
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Özay Gököz
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pathology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zihni Ekim Taskiran
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İsmail Celik
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara, Turkey
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Dika E, Patrizi A, Rossi C, Turchetti D, Miccoli S, Ferracin M, Veronesi G, Scarfì F, Lambertini M. Clinical histopathological features and CDKN2A/CDK4/MITF mutational status of patients with multiple primary melanomas from Bologna: Italy is a fascinating but complex mosaic. Ital J Dermatol Venerol 2020; 156:599-605. [PMID: 32221274 DOI: 10.23736/s2784-8671.20.06496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of cutaneous melanoma (cM) has increased in the last decades. Germline mutations in the high-penetrance melanoma susceptibility gene CDKN2A (Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A) are associated with a younger age at diagnosis and an increased risk to develop pancreatic cancer. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the data of patients with prior diagnosis of cM referring to our service from January 2005 to May 2017. The aim was to investigate the rate of multiple cMs (MPM), assessing their clinical/pathological features. Moreover, the genetic tests of patients who had undergone CDKN2A/CDKN2B, CDK4 and MITF screening were evaluated. RESULTS One hundred fifteen patients (9.26%) were diagnosed with MPMs: 70 males (60.87%) and 45 women (39.13%). 75 patients (43 males and 32 females) underwent genetic screening for germline mutations. The screening revealed that 4/75 patients (5.33%) were carriers of the non-synonymous missense variation c.442G>A (p.Ala148Thr) in CDKN2A exon 2 in heterozygosis, 3 of whom had at least one in-situ melanoma. In 1 patient (1.33%) we detected the variation c.249C>A, p.His83Gln in CDKN2A exon 2 in heterozygosis and in 1 patient (1.33%) the mutation c.952G>A (p.Glu318Lys) in MITF gene was found. CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the need for a full body skin examination and a prolonged surveillance in patients affected by cM, as MPMs were detected in up to 10% of total cases in our series and synchronous lesions in 1/5. Moreover, it reflects the great variability of cM high-susceptibility genes mutational status within the Italian territory. Patients carrying c.952G>A (p.Glu318Lys) MITF mutation have a higher risk to develop a nodular cM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emi Dika
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Dermatology, IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Annalisa Patrizi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Dermatology, IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Rossi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniela Turchetti
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Miccoli
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Policlinico Sant'Orsola-Malpighi, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Ferracin
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Dermatology, IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Scarfì
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Dermatology, IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Lambertini
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy - .,Dermatology, IRCCS Policlinico di Sant'Orsola, Bologna, Italy
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Guyot A, Duchesne M, Robert S, Lia AS, Derouault P, Scaon E, Lemnos L, Salle H, Durand K, Labrousse F. Analysis of CDKN2A gene alterations in recurrent and non-recurrent meningioma. J Neurooncol 2019; 145:449-459. [PMID: 31729637 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-019-03333-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Assessment of the risk of recurrence is essential to determine the therapeutic strategy of meningioma treatment. Many relapsing or aggressive meningiomas show elevated mitotic and/or Ki67 indices, reflecting cell cycle deregulation. As CDKN2A is a key tumor suppressor gene involved in cell cycle control, we investigated whether CDKN2A alterations may be involved in tumor recurrence. METHODS We carried out a comparative analysis of 17 recurrent and 13 non-recurrent meningiomas. CDKN2A single nucleotide variations (SNVs), deletions, methylation status of the promotor, and p16 expression were investigated. Results were correlated with the recurrent or non-recurrent status and clinicopathological data. RESULTS We identified a CDKN2A SNV (NM_000077, exon2, c.G442A, p.Ala148Thr) in five meningiomas that was significantly associated with recurrence (p = 0.03). This mutation, confirmed by Sanger sequencing and referenced in the COSMIC database in various cancers, has not been reported in meningioma. The presence of one of the three following CDKN2A alterations-p.(Ala148Thr) mutation, whole homozygous or heterozygous gene loss, or promotor methylation > 8%-was observed in 13 of the 17 relapsing meningiomas and was strongly associated with recurrence (p < 0.0001) and a Ki67 labeling index > 7% (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION We report an undescribed p.(Ala148Thr) CDKN2A mutation in meningioma that was only present in relapsing tumors. In our series, CDKN2A gene alterations were only found in recurrent meningiomas. However, our results need to be evaluated on a larger series to ensure that these CDKN2A alterations can be used as biomarkers of recurrence in meningioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Guyot
- Department of Pathology, Limoges University Hospital, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042, Limoges, France
| | - Mathilde Duchesne
- Department of Pathology, Limoges University Hospital, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042, Limoges, France
| | - Sandrine Robert
- EA 3842, CAPTuR « Contrôle de L'Activation Cellulaire, Progression Tumorale Et Résistance Thérapeutique », Faculty of Medicine, Limoges University, 2 Rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Lia
- EA 6309, MMNP « Maintenance Myélinique Et Neuropathies Périphériques », Faculty of Medicine, Limoges University, 2 Rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Paco Derouault
- EA 6309, MMNP « Maintenance Myélinique Et Neuropathies Périphériques », Faculty of Medicine, Limoges University, 2 Rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Erwan Scaon
- Bioinformatics Unit, BISCEM Platform, CBRS, University of Limoges, 2 Rue du Docteur-Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - Leslie Lemnos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Limoges University Hospital, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042, Limoges, France
| | - Henri Salle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Limoges University Hospital, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042, Limoges, France
| | - Karine Durand
- Department of Pathology, Limoges University Hospital, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042, Limoges, France.,EA 3842, CAPTuR « Contrôle de L'Activation Cellulaire, Progression Tumorale Et Résistance Thérapeutique », Faculty of Medicine, Limoges University, 2 Rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France
| | - François Labrousse
- Department of Pathology, Limoges University Hospital, 2 Avenue Martin-Luther-King, 87042, Limoges, France. .,EA 3842, CAPTuR « Contrôle de L'Activation Cellulaire, Progression Tumorale Et Résistance Thérapeutique », Faculty of Medicine, Limoges University, 2 Rue du Docteur Marcland, 87025, Limoges, France.
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Karagianni F, Njauw CN, Kypreou KP, Stergiopoulou A, Plaka M, Polydorou D, Chasapi V, Pappas L, Stratigos IA, Champsas G, Panagiotou P, Gogas H, Evangelou E, Tsao H, Stratigos AJ, Stefanaki I. CDKN2A/CDK4 Status in Greek Patients with Familial Melanoma and Association with Clinico-epidemiological Parameters. Acta Derm Venereol 2018; 98:862-866. [PMID: 29774366 PMCID: PMC6572781 DOI: 10.2340/00015555-2969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 5–10% of melanoma cases occur in a familial context. CDKN2A/CDK4 were the first high- penetrance melanoma genes identified. The aims of this study were to evaluate CDKN2A/CDK4 variants in Greek familial melanoma patients and to correlate the mutational status with specific clinico-epidemiological characteristics. A cross-sectional study was conducted by genotyping CDKN2A/CDK4 variants and selected MC1R polymorphisms in 52 melanoma-prone families. Descriptive statistics were calculated and comparisons were made using the X2 test, Fisher’s exact test and Student’s t-test for statistical analysis, as appropriate. CDKN2A variants were detected in 46.2% of melanoma-prone families, while a CDK4 variant was found in only one family. This study confirmed that, in the Greek population, the age at melanoma diagnosis was lower in patients carrying a variant in CDKN2A compared with wild-type patients. No statistically significant associations were found between CDKN2A mutational status and MC1R polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fani Karagianni
- 1st Department of Dermatology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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