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Wei Z, Xia K, Liu W, Huang X, Wei Z, Guo W. CGREF1 modulates osteosarcoma proliferation by regulating the cell cycle through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Mol Med 2024; 30:260. [PMID: 39707194 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-024-01038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2024] [Accepted: 12/09/2024] [Indexed: 12/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteosarcoma, the most prevalent primary bone malignancy in children and adolescents, exhibits high heterogeneity. The CGREF1 gene encodes a novel 301 amino acid classical secreted protein that contains the presumed N-terminal signaling peptide and EF hand motif. However, its role in osteosarcoma remains unclear. METHODS Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases were utilized for bioinformatics analysis. Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC) techniques were employed to detect the expression of relevant proteins. siRNA, lentivirus, and plasmid technologies were applied to modulate gene expression. The downstream pathway of CGREF1 was identified through RNA sequencing analysis. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, wound healing assay, and Transwell assay were conducted for in vitro functional experiments. In vivo experiments involved subcutaneous tumor formation in nude mice. RESULTS Our analysis of public databases and clinical samples revealed that CGREF1 is highly expressed in osteosarcoma and is associated with poor prognosis. Knockdown of CGREF1 impeded cell cycle progression and suppressed the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells. Conversely, upregulation of CGREF1 exhibited an opposing pattern. The RNA-seq data from 143B cells was subjected to analysis, revealing that the differentially expressed genes were predominantly enriched in the Wnt signaling pathway. Further experimental results demonstrated that CGREF1 affects activation of the Wnt pathway by regulating GSK3/β-catenin signaling, thereby affecting proliferation ability of osteosarcoma cells. Finally, experiments using subcutaneous transplanted tumor models in nude mice showed that CGREF1 knockdown inhibited tumor growth in vivo by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The expression of CGREF1 was significantly upregulated in osteosarcoma and correlated with unfavorable prognosis. CGREF1 exerted a regulatory effect on the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells both in vitro and in vivo through modulation of the wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. In the future, targeting CGREF1 could potentially offer a novel therapeutic strategy for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicheng Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Kezhou Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Wenda Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Xinghan Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Zhun Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China
| | - Weichun Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430060, China.
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Yan L, Zhou R, Feng Y, Li R, Zhang L, Pan Y, Qiao X, Li P, Wei X, Xu C, Li Y, Niu X, Sun X, Lv Z, Tian Z. MiR-134-5p inhibits the malignant phenotypes of osteosarcoma via ITGB1/MMP2/PI3K/Akt pathway. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:193. [PMID: 38664375 PMCID: PMC11045734 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-01946-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Micro RNAs (miRs) have been implicated in various tumorigenic processes. Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone malignancy seen in adolescents. However, the mechanism of miRs in OS has not been fully demonstrated yet. Here, miR-134-5p was found to inhibit OS progression and was also expressed at significantly lower levels in OS tissues and cells relative to normal controls. miR-134-5p was found to reduce vasculogenic mimicry, proliferation, invasion, and migration of OS cells, with miR-134-5p knockdown having the opposite effects. Mechanistically, miR-134-5p inhibited expression of the ITGB1/MMP2/PI3K/Akt axis, thus reducing the malignant features of OS cells. In summary, miR-134-5p reduced OS tumorigenesis by modulation of the ITGB1/MMP2/PI3K/Akt axis, suggesting the potential for using miR-134-5p as a target for treating OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Ruhao Zhou
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yi Feng
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Ruoqi Li
- General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Long Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yongchun Pan
- Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Xiaochen Qiao
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of Orthopedics, JinZhong Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, 689 Huitong South Road, Jinzhong, Shanxi, 030600, China
| | - Pengcui Li
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Chaojian Xu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China
| | - Xiaochen Niu
- The Fifth Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaojuan Sun
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
| | - Zhi Lv
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
| | - Zhi Tian
- Second Clinical Medical College, Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
- Department of orthopedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Key laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue injury repair, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, China.
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