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Adnexal and Sebaceous Carcinomas. Dermatol Clin 2022; 41:117-132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.det.2022.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hydroadenocarcinoma, a rare tumor to be kept in mind. ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY CASES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.omsc.2021.100232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Aziz KT, Levin AS, Cuda JD, Ficke JR. Poroid Hidradenocarcinoma of the Ankle: Case Report of a Rare Malignant Cutaneous Adnexal Neoplasm. J Foot Ankle Surg 2021; 59:423-426. [PMID: 32131015 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2019.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Soft-tissue masses on the anterior ankle result from a broad range of underlying processes, often presenting a diagnostic challenge. Appropriate treatment of these tumors can be determined by using a combination of patient history, interpretation of pathologic findings, physical examination, and radiographic appearance. We present a case of an exceptionally rare malignant cutaneous adnexal tumor, highlighting the importance of adherence to fundamental biopsy principles for diagnosing and managing musculoskeletal lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith T Aziz
- Resident, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Adam S Levin
- Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Jonathan D Cuda
- Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV
| | - James R Ficke
- Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
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Alizadeh N, Mirpour H, Azimi SZ. Scalp metastasis from occult primary breast carcinoma: A case report and review of the literature. Int J Womens Dermatol 2018; 4:230-235. [PMID: 30627623 PMCID: PMC6322159 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijwd.2018.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Isolated distant cutaneous metastasis of breast carcinoma is uncommon. Furthermore, isolated metastasis of the scalp seems to be very rare in breast cancer. Case presentation A 44-year-old woman was referred to our dermatology department with concerns of a firm, painless, immobile, hardened, skin-colored mass fixed to the underlying tissues. The lesion measured 2 to 3 cm on the scalp frontalis without regional or distant lymphadenopathy. The patient had a history of benign right breast biopsy test results. Immunohistochemistry test results were positive for cytokeratin (AE1/AE3), cytokeratin 7, chromogranin, estrogen receptor, and gross cystic disease fluid protein-15; group PR/HER2 were both weakly positive. Cytokeratin 20, thyroid-lung transcription factor, S100 protein, vimentin and thyroglobulin were all negative. Pathology test results showed adenocarcinoma that was consistent with breast primary. Conclusion Although cutaneous metastasis of the chest wall due to breast carcinoma is a common condition, scalp metastasis as the first sign of occult breast cancer is an extremely rare condition. We describe an isolated scalp metastasis as the initial presentation of breast cancer in a young woman in this report, which highlights that health care providers should be alert to the possibility that atypical soft tissue masses may represent a neoplasm. Further consideration of the scalp lesions among healthy looking patients is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Alizadeh
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - H Mirpour
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Razi hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - S Z Azimi
- Skin Research Center, Department of Dermatology, Razi hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Benzzi H, Askour M, Elouazani A, Bouaddi M, Hassam B, Saidi A. What do you think of an unusual axillary mass? Pan Afr Med J 2018; 28:309. [PMID: 29721139 PMCID: PMC5927561 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2017.28.309.3092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin apocrine carcinoma is a rare malgnancy of epidermal adnexa, most frequent in axillary seat, where apocrine sweat gland are abundant, the neoplasm can arise in groin, anogenital, lips, eyelid, characterized by a plate or surface area of nodules hummocky. Etiology and incidence are not known. The prognosis is influenced by the risk of locoregional recurrence and metastatic evolution. We describe the case of 61-year-old man who presented a left axillary slow-growing mass since 2 years ago. The cutaneous biopsy objectified an apocrine adenocarcinoma. The paraclinic exams performed to detect primary breast were tumor negative, first step before confirming the diagnosis. Standard treatment is surgical excision with margins of 2 to 3cm for local tumor, for apocrine adenocarcinoma regional lymph node dissection if nodes were clinically positive is wide surgical excision. This kind of tumour is chemoresistant. In this case, adjuvant chemotherapy was indicated, before surgery to reduce tumoral volume. This case illustrates the importance clinicopathological correlation of skin cancer, particularly apocrine one. Clinical particularity and careful analyses histology helps diagnosis approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Benzzi
- Dermatology Department, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Majda Askour
- Dermatology Department, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Afaf Elouazani
- Dermatology Department, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mouna Bouaddi
- Dermatology Department, Mohamed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Amar Saidi
- Pathology Center United Nations, Rabat, Morocco
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Adnexal carcinomas (ACs) are rare cutaneous malignancies of sweat gland or pilosebaceous origin. Optimal treatment and metastatic potential of AC are poorly defined. Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) has been increasingly used to treat AC. OBJECTIVE To review selected primary cutaneous AC and their treatment outcomes with MMS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature review using PubMed search for articles related to primary cutaneous ACs. RESULTS Sebaceous carcinoma treated with MMS recurred and metastasized in 6.4% and 3.7%, respectively. Primary cutaneous mucinous carcinoma treated with MMS recurred and metastasized in 9.6% and 6.4%, respectively. After MMS, 4.7% of microcystic AC recurred with no reported metastases. After MMS, recurrences and metastases of trichilemmal carcinoma or hidradenocarcinoma have not been reported. Two (4.2%) regional lymph node metastases but no distant metastases or local recurrences have been reported in eccrine porocarcinoma. Squamoid eccrine duct tumor, pilomatrix carcinoma, and spiradenocarcinoma treated with MMS are also reviewed. CONCLUSION The rarity of ACs and the lack of comparative data on treatment makes conclusive recommendations on treatment difficult. Recent large case series and reviews suggest MMS is a useful and possibly superior treatment for AC and should be considered if primary cutaneous disease is suspected.
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Managing a Rare Malignant Sweat Gland Tumor Invading the Brain: Case Report and Literature Review. World Neurosurg 2016; 86:513.e1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Miller DH, Peterson JL, Buskirk SJ, Vallow LA, Ta R, Joseph R, Krishna M, Ko SJ, Tzou KS. Management of Metastatic Apocrine Hidradenocarcinoma with Chemotherapy and Radiation. Rare Tumors 2015; 7:6082. [PMID: 26500736 PMCID: PMC4600998 DOI: 10.4081/rt.2015.6082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hidradenocarcinoma is a rare aggressive form of cutaneous adnexal skin carcinoma originating from the sweat gland. Due to its low incidence, prognostic and treatment strategies are still being explored both for primary and advanced disease. This tumor most often presents as either solid or cystic appearing subcutaneous nodules, which may be associated with pruritus or ulceration. To date the mainstay of treatment for local disease has been surgical excision; however, the paucity of historical data available has shown that these tumors often behave aggressively with high rates of local recurrence, metastasis, and poor overall outcomes. There are few case reports describing the utility of radiation therapy in the treatment of hidradenocarcinoma. Herein, we present a case of metastatic apocrine hidradenocarcinoma in a 32-year-old Caucasian male. The patient initially underwent excisional biopsy which confirmed the diagnosis of poorly differentiated, highly infiltrative, apocrine hidradenocarcinoma. He received systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease, followed by radiation therapy to areas of grossly palpable adenopathy. Prior to radiation therapy the patient had an enlarged hypermetabolic conglomerate of lymph nodes in the right axilla, and borderline enlarged low activity nodes within the left axilla. He received 3 cycles of chemotherapy followed by tamoxifen and radiation therapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions) to areas of progressive disease in the bilateral axilla, lower neck, and axillary skin. Following treatment, the patient had complete resolution of skin nodules and improvement of his pruritus. While the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of hidradenocarcinoma has not been well established, this case report demonstrated the potential benefit of external beam radiotherapy in the management of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel H Miller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Steven J Buskirk
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Laura A Vallow
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Randy Ta
- University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Richard Joseph
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Murli Krishna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Stephen J Ko
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Katherine S Tzou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic , Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Mohs micrographic surgery for the treatment of hidradenocarcinoma: the Mayo Clinic experience from 1993 to 2013. Dermatol Surg 2015; 41:226-31. [PMID: 25627632 DOI: 10.1097/dss.0000000000000242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hidradenocarcinoma (HAC) is a rare malignant adnexal neoplasm with reported metastatic potential and undefined optimal treatment. OBJECTIVE To review clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with HAC treated with Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS). MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors performed a retrospective chart review of patients with HAC treated by MMS at Mayo Clinic from 1993 to 2013, recording patient demographics, tumor characteristics, MMS stages to clearance, follow-up, recurrence, metastasis, and mortality. RESULTS Ten patients underwent MMS for HAC more than 20 years. The average age was 62.8 years, with 6 females and 4 males. Occipital scalp was the most common location (40%), followed by extremities (30%) and face (20%). In 5 of 7 cases (71%), "cyst" was the working clinical diagnosis. The average preoperative lesion area was 3.18 cm, with an average of 1.5 MMS stages required for clearance. Mean postoperative follow-up was 7 years (range, 5-205 months). No tumors treated with MMS recurred, metastasized, or led to disease-related mortality. CONCLUSION Mohs micrographic surgery seems to be a useful treatment modality for HAC. This is the largest reported series of HAC treated with MMS with long-term follow-up.
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Kim HK, Chung KI, Park BY, Bae TH, Kim WS, Lee TJ. Primary apocrine carcinoma of scalp: Report of primary scalp cutaneous apocrine carcinoma indistinguishable from cutaneous metastasis of breast carcinoma. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2012; 65:e67-70. [PMID: 22122891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2011] [Revised: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Han Koo Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
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