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Plouffe RA, Kowalski CM, Papageorgiou KA, Dinić BM, Artamonova E, Dagnall N, Denovan A, Gianniou FM, Kyriazos T, Saklofske DH, Stalikas A. The Revised Assessment of Sadistic Personality (ASP-8): Evidence for Validity across Four Countries. J Pers Assess 2023; 105:149-162. [PMID: 35412410 DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2022.2055476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Subclinical sadism, characterized by infliction of cruelty, aggression, or humiliation on another for subjugation or pleasure, provides important information in the prediction of aversive behaviors that have implications for individuals' and society's well-being worldwide. Given sadism's universal relevance, it is imperative that researchers ensure valid and reliable trait measurement not only among English-speaking individuals, but also cross-nationally among countries in which sadism remains relatively understudied. The objective of the current research was to validate the revised version of the Assessment of Sadistic Personality (ASP-8) (Plouffe et al., 2017) across samples of Russian (n = 1087, Mage = 37.36, SD = 10.36), Greek (n = 1195, Mage = 35.64, SDage = 13.08), Serbian (n = 443, Mage = 28.10, SDage = 6.60), and British (n = 511, Mage = 28.50, SDage = 11.62) adults. Overall, results supported the reliability, dimensionality, and scalar/partial scalar measurement invariance of the ASP-8 across cross-national samples. Convergent and discriminant validity were mostly supported through correlations with general personality traits, the Dark Triad, emotional intelligence, mental toughness, depression, anxiety, stress, satisfaction with life, aggression, and attitudes toward social groups. Based on our findings, we recommend the use of the ASP-8 in future investigations of aversive traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Plouffe
- The MacDonald Franklin Operational Stress Injury Research Centre, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | | | | | - Bojana M Dinić
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Elena Artamonova
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Dagnall
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Denovan
- Department of Psychology, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | - Theodoros Kyriazos
- Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastassios Stalikas
- Department of Psychology, Panteion University of Social and Political Sciences, Athens, Greece
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Rico-Bordera P, Piqueras JA, Soto-Sanz V, Rodríguez-Jiménez T, Marzo JC, Galán M, Pineda D. Civic Engagement and Personality: Associations with the Big Five and the Dark Triad. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2126. [PMID: 36767493 PMCID: PMC9915084 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have analyzed the relationship between general personality traits and attitudes and behaviors, indicating that a person is more committed to the community. After raising the question of whether malevolent traits might also be related, the aim was to analyze the relationship between civic engagement and personality, delving into the contribution of the Dark Triad (narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) and controlling for the association with the Big Five. The Civic Engagement Questionnaire, the Short Dark Triad, and the Big Five Inventory-10 were administered to 1175 Spanish students (convenience sampling). After performing statistical analyses using SPSS statistical software, it was obtained that the three Dark Triad traits explained 11% of the total explained variance of civic engagement, while 19% was reached when the Big Five were included. Narcissism and openness were the factors most strongly associated with engagement. The positive relationship between narcissism and general personality traits could explain why narcissistic people have more favorable attitudes. Furthermore, people with narcissistic traits may display these attitudes for their own benefit. This study provides further evidence of how the narcissistic personality trait differs from the other two malevolent traits. Given that these traits are also associated with maladaptive behaviors, knowing all their characteristics could facilitate the design of prevention programs aimed at reducing such maladaptive behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Rico-Bordera
- Forensic Psychology Unit of the Centre for Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - José A. Piqueras
- Forensic Psychology Unit of the Centre for Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - Victoria Soto-Sanz
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | | | - Juan-Carlos Marzo
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
| | - Manuel Galán
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, Catholic University of Murcia, Guadalupe de Maciascoque, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - David Pineda
- Forensic Psychology Unit of the Centre for Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
- Department of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, 03202 Alicante, Spain
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Pineda D, Rico-Bordera P, Martínez-Martínez A, Galán M, Piqueras JA. Dark tetrad personality traits also play a role in bullying victimization. Front Psychol 2022; 13:984744. [PMID: 36312177 PMCID: PMC9616045 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.984744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullying refers to physical and/or psychological mistreatment or abuse by one individual or group toward another individual or group. Bullying is widespread in our society and carries considerable negative consequences. This phenomenon is caused by multiple factors, which include personality. Much more attention has been paid to the study of the perpetrators' negative personality traits than the victims. Several studies have examined the relationship between these traits—the Dark Triad or Dark Tetrad—and being a victim of bullying (or mobbing) in adults, especially in the workplace. However, only two studies have been located that have studied these relationships in adolescents. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the relationship between being a victim of bullying and the ark Tetrad traits, delving into the specific contribution of Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism in victims of bullying in Spanish adolescents. A cross-sectional study was carried out by administering the Short Dark Triad, the Assessment of Sadistic Personality, and the Peer Bullying Questionnaire to 393 adolescents aged 12–18 years (M = 14.18; SD = 2.52; 53.7% male). The Dark Tetrad traits predicted the victimization variables in the seven models analyzed, with the verbal abuse model being the model with the largest contribution. Of the four dark traits, sadism stands out as the trait with the highest specific contribution. Our results indicate, despite not implying a causal relationship, that those people with high scores in the Dark Tetrad traits tend to be more victimized by bullying. Knowing the personality traits of the bullying perpetrators and their victims, practitioners will have a complete picture of the personality variables that play a role in preventing bullying and its associated victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pineda
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Department of Health Psychology, Centre of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Pilar Rico-Bordera
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Department of Health Psychology, Centre of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
| | - Ana Martínez-Martínez
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Department of Health Psychology, Centre of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
- *Correspondence: Ana Martínez-Martínez
| | - Manuel Galán
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Department of Health Psychology, Centre of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - José A. Piqueras
- Forensic Psychology Unit, Department of Health Psychology, Centre of Applied Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Elche, Spain
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