Application of a Novel Small-Scale Sample Cleanup Procedure Prior to MALDI-TOF-MS for Rapid Pigment Fingerprinting of Red Wines

Site-Specific Clustering of Bioactive Signaling Molecules Predicted In Situ by Space and Time Coherent Mapping for Imaging Mass Spectrometry

Anatomical representation of site-specific clustering of biomolecules is a powerful way of predicting a potential interaction among signaling cascades and orchestrating molecular functions in cells and organs. The greater the number of molecules visualized simultaneously, the deeper we can understand each molecule's role in cellular metabolism and function. In the present study, we investigated site-specific localization of small biomolecules in the slug using Space and Time Coherent Mapping (STCM), a key technology in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight imaging mass spectrometry. We acquired mass measurements and mass-based molecular images simultaneously under the microscope-mode instrumentation developed specifically in our laboratory. Mass images were generated in the increment of 0.2 in the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) with spatial resolution of 2 μm. Resultant images were unique in each mass increment and allowed us to predict anatomical site-specific clustering of bioactive signaling molecules. We suggest that STCM is a useful tool to promote the compilation of comprehensive molecular maps and understand the role of individual molecules and their interactive mechanisms in situ.

Natural and Synthetic Flavylium Derivatives: Isolation/Synthesis, Characterization and Application

Given the natural origins of flavylium derivatives, their chemical modifications, and their large potential uses in food, medicine, or green chemistry, the present review is a comprehensive study of flavylium-derived compounds. Several topics such as the green extraction and isolation techniques of flavylium derivatives including their chemical modifications and various characterization tools such as NMR, HPLC, and mass spectrometry are discussed in the review. Furthermore, the use of these derivatives in medicine, food, and materials science is presented, highlighting their relevance and the need for further investigation. Therefore, by examining the advantages and disadvantages of natural and synthetic sources, the review asserts the increased relevance of flavylium-based compounds in active molecules.

Valorisation of black mulberry and grape seeds: Chemical characterization and bioactive potential

Grape (Vitis vinifera L. var. Albariño) and mulberry (Morus nigra L.) seeds pomace were characterized in terms of tocopherols, organic acids, phenolic compounds and bioactive properties. Higher contents of tocopherols (28 ± 1 mg/100 g fw) were obtained in mulberry, whilst grape seeds were richer in organic acids (79 ± 4 mg/100 g fw). The phenolic analysis of hydroethanolic extracts characterised grape seeds by catechin oligomers (36.0 ± 0.3 mg/g) and mulberry seeds by ellagic acid derivatives (3.14 ± 0.02 mg/g). Both exhibited high antimicrobial activity against multiresistant Staphylococcus aureus MIC = 5 mg/mL) and no cytotoxicity against carcinogenic and non-tumour primary liver (PLP) cells. Mulberry seeds revealed the strongest inhibition (p < 0.05) against thiobarbituric reactive substances (IC₅₀ = 23 ± 2 µg/mL) and oxidative haemolysis (IC₅₀ at 60 min = 46.0 ± 0.8 µg/mL). Both seed by-products could be exploited for the developing of antioxidant-rich ingredients with health benefits for industrial application.