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Aloisio C, Razola-Díaz MDC, Aznar-Ramos MJ, Longhi MR, Andreatta AE, Verardo V. Optimization of the Extraction Conditions of Bioactive Compounds from Ocimum basilicum Leaves Using Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction via a Sonotrode. Molecules 2023; 28:5286. [PMID: 37446947 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum) leaves are rich in bioactive compounds that present therapeutic benefits for human health. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is frequently used to obtain phenolic compounds from plants/herbal sources. However, few works have developed multi-variable studies to find the optimal conditions to extract the maximum amount of compounds, especially when applied to UAE via a sonotrode. The purpose of this work was to perform a multi-variable study by employing a Box-Behnken design to collect the highest active compound content from Ocimum basilicum leaves. The efficacy of the design was endorsed by ANOVA. The studied parameters for UAE via a sonotrode were the ethanol/water ratio, amplitude, and time. The analyzed responses were the rosmarinic acid, the sum of phenolic acids, and the sum of phenolic compounds content. The optimal conditions were found to be 50% ethanol/water, 50% amplitude, and 5 min. Twenty bioactive compounds were identified by HPLC-ESI-TOF-MS when the extract was collected by applying the optimal conditions. Ocimum basilicum may be appreciated as a valuable source of important bioactive substances for pharmaceutical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Aloisio
- Ingeniería de Procesos Sustentables, Facultad Regional San Francisco, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, San Francisco 2400, Argentina
- Unidad de Investigación y Desarrollo en Tecnología Farmacéutica (UNITEFA), CONICET, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - María Del Carmen Razola-Díaz
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Matáix', Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n., 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - María José Aznar-Ramos
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Matáix', Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n., 18100 Granada, Spain
| | - Marcela R Longhi
- Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Alfonsina E Andreatta
- Ingeniería de Procesos Sustentables, Facultad Regional San Francisco, Universidad Tecnológica Nacional, San Francisco 2400, Argentina
| | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Matáix', Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento s/n., 18100 Granada, Spain
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del Carmen Razola-Díaz M, Guerra-Hernández EJ, Gómez-Caravaca AM, García-Villanova B, Verardo V. Mathematical modelling of drying kinetics of avocado peels and its influence on flavan-3-ols content and antioxidant activity. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Bioactive Compound Extraction from Green Soybean ( Glycine max L.) and the Effect of Drying Methods and Storage Conditions on Procyanidin Extract. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121775. [PMID: 35741973 PMCID: PMC9222272 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Green soybean (Glycine max L.) seeds (GSS) are rich in various antioxidants and phytonutrients that are linked to various health benefits. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) technology was used for extracting the effective components from GSS. A response surface method (RSM) was used to examine the influence of liquid-to-solid ratio and extraction temperature on the bioactive compounds and antioxidant characteristics. The optimal conditions were a liquid-to-solid ratio of 25:1 and a UAE temperature of 40 °C. The observed values coincided well with the predicted values under optimal conditions. Additionally, the effects of drying methods on the procyanidins and antioxidant activities of GSS extract were evaluated. The spray-dried GSS extract contained the highest levels of procyanidins (21.4 ± 0.37 mg PC/g), DPPH (199 ± 0.85 µM Trolox eq/g), and FRAP (243 ± 0.26 µM Trolox eq/g). Spray drying could be the most time- and energy-efficient technique for drying the GSS extract. The present study also assessed the effects of storage temperature and time on procyanidins and antioxidant activities in GSS extract powder. Procyanidins were found to degrade more rapidly at 45 °C than at 25 °C and 35 °C. Storage under 25 °C was appropriate for maintaining the procyanidin contents, DPPH, and FRAP activities in the GSS extract powder. This study contributed to the body of knowledge by explaining the preparation of procyanidin extract powder from GSS, which might be employed as a low-cost supply of nutraceutical compounds for the functional food industry and pharmaceutical sector.
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Martín-García B, Aznar-Ramos MJ, Verardo V, Gómez-Caravaca AM. The Establishment of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction for the Recovery of Phenolic Compounds and Evaluation of Their Antioxidant Activity from Morus alba Leaves. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030314. [PMID: 35159465 PMCID: PMC8834592 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds of Morus alba leaves are bioactive compounds with beneficial properties for human health. Therefore, in this study, an optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction by Box–Behnken design was used for the first time to optimize factors such as the percentage of ethanol, ratio solvent/sample (v/w) and extraction time to reach the highest phenolic compound amounts (evaluated by HPLC-MS) while also evaluating in vitro antioxidant activity using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The optimal extraction conditions were 40% ethanol, 1/400 (w/v) and 35 min. Applying these optimal conditions, which were identified and quantified by HPLC-MS, resulted in the extraction of 21 phenolic compounds. According to these results, the main phenolic compounds in Morus alba leaves are the phenolic glycoside and phenolic acid named protocatechuic acid-glucoside and caffeoylquinic. In addition, Morus alba leaf extract contains flavonols such quercetin-3-O-6-acetylglucoside and rutin, which represent more than 7% of its total phenolic content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martín-García
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (B.M.-G.); (M.J.A.-R.)
| | - María José Aznar-Ramos
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (B.M.-G.); (M.J.A.-R.)
| | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Campus of Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (B.M.-G.); (M.J.A.-R.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Granada, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958243864
| | - Ana María Gómez-Caravaca
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology ‘José Mataix’, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn., 18100 Granada, Spain;
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Setup of an Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction to Obtain High Phenolic Recovery in Crataegus monogyna Leaves. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26154536. [PMID: 34361687 PMCID: PMC8347228 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hawthorn leaves are a rich source of phenolic compounds that possess beneficial activities for human health. Ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is an extraction technique frequently used for the isolation of phenolic compounds in plants. Thus, in this study, a Box–Behnken design was used to optimize UAE conditions such as the percentage of acetone, the extraction time and solvent-to-solid ratio (v/w) in order to obtain the maximum content of total compounds by Folin–Ciocalteu and the maximum in vitro antioxidant activity by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays in Crataegus monogyna leaves. The optimum conditions to obtain the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activities were 50% acetone, 55 min and 1/1000 (w/v). A total of 30 phenolic compounds were identified and quantified in C. monogyna leaf extract obtained at these optimum UAE conditions. HPLC-MS allows the identification and quantification of 19 phenolic compounds and NP-HPLC-FLD analyses showed the presence of 11 proanthocyanidins. According to the results, the most concentrated phenolic compounds in C. monogyna leaf extract obtained at optimum UAE conditions were phenolic acid derivatives such as protocatechuic acid-glucoside, dihydroxy benzoic acid pentoside and chlorogenic acid, flavones such as 2″-O-rhamnosyl-C-hexosyl-apigenin, flavonols such as hyperoside and isoquercetin and proanthocyanidins such as monomer and dimer. As a result, the optimized UAE conditions could be used to obtain an extract of C. monogyna leaves enriched with phenolic compounds.
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Pulsed electric field (PEF) as pre-treatment to improve the phenolic compounds recovery from brewers' spent grains. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2020.102402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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FERNÁNDEZ-BARBERO G, PINEDO C, ESPADA-BELLIDO E, FERREIRO-GONZÁLEZ M, CARRERA C, PALMA M, GARCÍA-BARROSO C. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of bioactive compounds from jabuticaba (Myrciaria cauliflora) fruit through a Box-Behnken experimental design. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.16918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Martín-García B, Pasini F, Verardo V, Díaz-de-Cerio E, Tylewicz U, Gómez-Caravaca AM, Caboni MF. Optimization of Sonotrode Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Proanthocyanidins from Brewers' Spent Grains. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E282. [PMID: 31390772 PMCID: PMC6721779 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8080282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Brewing spent grains (BSGs) are the main by-product from breweries and they are rich of proanthocyanidins, among other phenolic compounds. However, literature on these compounds in BSGs is scarce. Thus, this research focuses on the establishment of ultrasound-assisted extraction of proanthocyanidin compounds in brewing spent grains using a sonotrode. To set the sonotrode extraction up, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to study the effects of three factors, namely, solvent composition, time of extraction, and ultrasound power. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of proanthocyanidin compounds were performed using HPLC coupled to fluorometric and mass spectrometer detectors. The highest content of proanthocyanidins was obtained using 80/20 acetone/water (v/v), 55 min, and 400 W. The established method allows the extraction of 1.01 mg/g dry weight (d.w.) of pronthocyanidins from BSGs; this value is more than two times higher than conventional extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martín-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Federica Pasini
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, (FC) 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Avda del Conocimiento sn, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain.
| | - Elixabet Díaz-de-Cerio
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus of Cartuja, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Urszula Tylewicz
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, (FC) 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Ana María Gómez-Caravaca
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Fiorenza Caboni
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, (FC) 47521 Cesena, Italy
- Interdepartmental Centre for Agri-Food Industrial Research, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, via Quinto Bucci 336, 47521 Cesena (FC), Italy
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Yang T, Fang L, Lin T, Li J, Zhang Y, Zhou A, Xie J. Ultrasonicated sour Jujube seed flavonoids extract exerts ameliorative antioxidant capacity and reduces Aβ-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 239:111886. [PMID: 31026552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.111886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sour Jujube seed from Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. Spinosa (Bunge) Hu ex H. F. Chow is a traditional Chinese herb. It was demonstrated with significant activities in anti-depression and antioxidant by numerous pharmacological studies. Flavonoids is one of the main constituents in sour Jujube seed. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to propose a green ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) process of flavonoids from sour Jujube seed. MATERIALS AND METHODS The extraction parameters were investigated and optimized using single factor experiments, Plackett-Burman design (PBD) and response surface methodology (RSM). Moreover, a comparative analysis between ultrasound-assisted extraction and heat reflux extraction was performed to verify the ameliorating effects of ultrasound-assisted extraction on the flavonoids yield, the composition, antioxidant capacities in vitro and ROS scavenging capacity in PC12 cells. Meanwhile, the effects of flavonoids extract (FE) on Aβ transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans (GMC101) behavior were investigated. RESULTS The optimal extracting conditions of total flavonoids were as follows: ethanol concentration 70.60 (v/v%), liquid-solid ratio 15.02:1 mL/g, ultrasonic power 404 W, extraction time 60.03 min. The highest extraction yield was 1.59%. When compared to Heat reflux extraction (HRE) that only has gained a yield of 1.356%. Approximately, the UAE method was able to increase the yield by 17.11%. Moreover, FE extracted by UAE displayed larger capacity of scavenging ABTS, DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals and reducing the level of ROS accumulation in PC12 cells, suggesting the biological functions of these compounds could be also better protected under UAE conditions. Furthermore, FE could also increase the chemotaxis and heat stress resistance ability, delay the paralysis and extend the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans. CONCLUSION UAE is a green and efficient technique for the preparation of flavonoids from sour Jujube seed. The flavonoids extract can reduce Aβ-induced toxicity in Caenorhabditis elegans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Yang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Leilei Fang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Tingting Lin
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Jiayi Li
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300134, China
| | - Yanqing Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300134, China.
| | - Aimin Zhou
- Clinical Chemistry Program, Department of Chemistry, Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Diseases, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 44115, United States
| | - Junbo Xie
- College of Biotechnology and Food Science, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Tianjin, 300134, China.
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Pang X, Bai L, Wang Z, Yang H, Liu H, Yan H. Establishment of Quantitatively Analytical Methods for the Determination of Aroma Components in Edible Spices Using a Homemade Chromatographic Monolithic Column. Chromatographia 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-019-03761-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Zeng W, Li F, Wu C, Ge Y, Yu R, Wu X, Shen L, Liu Y, Li J. Optimization of ultrasound-assisted aqueous extraction of polyphenols from Psidium guajava leaves using response surface methodology. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2019.1574830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Zeng
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
- CSIRO Process Science and Engineering, Clayton South, Australia
| | - Fang Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Chenchen Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Yimeng Ge
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Runlan Yu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Xueling Wu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Yuandong Liu
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
| | - Jiaokun Li
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Biometallurgy, Ministry of Education, Central South University (CSU), Changsha, China
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Poly(calixarene ionic liquid) modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles as new sorbent for extraction of flavonoids in fruit juice and green tea. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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13
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Acoustic and mechanical properties of carrot tissue treated by pulsed electric field, ultrasound and combination of both. J FOOD ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Establishment of pressurized-liquid extraction by response surface methodology approach coupled to HPLC-DAD-TOF-MS for the determination of phenolic compounds of myrtle leaves. Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:3547-3557. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-0914-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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