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Tian L, Sun L, Gao B, Li F, Li C, Wang R, Liu Y, Li X, Niu L, Zhang Z. Dual functionalized copper nanoparticles for thermoplastics with improved processing and mechanical properties and superior antibacterial performance. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1320-1330. [PMID: 38131293 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04548j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The utilization of metal nanoparticles for antibacterial thermoplastic composites has the potential to enhance the safety of human and animal life by mitigating the spread and transmission of foodborne pathogenic bacteria. The dispersion, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of metal nanoparticles directly affect the application performance of the composites. This study focused on achieving amine-carboxyl co-modified copper nanoparticles (Cu-AC) with excellent antioxidant properties and monodispersity through in situ grafting of amine and carboxyl groups onto the surface of copper nanoparticles via ligand interaction. Polyacrylic acid's extended carbon chain structure was utilized to improve its dispersion and antioxidant properties, and its antibacterial properties were synergistically enhanced using secondary amines. It was found that Cu-AC possesses high antibacterial properties, with a minimum inhibition concentration of 0.156 mg mL-1. Antibacterial masterbatches and their composites (polypropylene/Cu) manufactured by melt blending of polypropylene and Cu-AC exhibited excellent antibacterial rates of up to 90% and 99% at 300 ppm and 700 ppm Cu-AC, respectively. Additionally, Cu-AC bolstered the thermal degradation, processing and mechanical properties of polypropylene. The successful implementation of this product substantiates the potential applications of polypropylene/Cu composite materials across diverse industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Tian
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Co., Ltd, Henan University, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Li Sun
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Bo Gao
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Fei Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| | - Chaoran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan University, Kaifeng 75004, China
| | - Ruoyu Wang
- Zhengzhou Lingyu New Material Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450100, China
| | - Yanfang Liu
- Zhengzhou Lingyu New Material Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450100, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Co., Ltd, Henan University, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Liyong Niu
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Co., Ltd, Henan University, Jiyuan 459000, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials Co., Ltd, Henan University, Jiyuan 459000, China
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Ferreira T, Vale AC, Pinto AC, Costa RV, Pais V, Sousa D, Gomes F, Pinto G, Dias JG, Moreira IP, Mota C, Bessa J, Antunes JC, Henriques M, Cunha F, Fangueiro R. Comparison of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Integration into Non-Woven Fabrics Using Different Functionalisation Methods for Prospective Application as Active Facemasks. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3499. [PMID: 37688127 PMCID: PMC10489795 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of advanced facemasks stands out as a paramount priority in enhancing healthcare preparedness. In this work, different polypropylene non-woven fabrics (NWF) were characterised regarding their structural, physicochemical and comfort-related properties. The selected NWF for the intermediate layer was functionalised with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) 0.3 and 1.2wt% using three different methods: electrospinning, dip-pad-dry and exhaustion. After the confirmation of ZnO NP content and distribution within the textile fibres by morphological and chemical analysis, the samples were evaluated regarding their antimicrobial properties. The functionalised fabrics obtained via dip-pad-dry unveiled the most promising data, with 0.017 ± 0.013wt% ZnO NPs being mostly located at the fibre's surface and capable of total eradication of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli colonies within the tested 24 h (ISO 22196 standard), as well as significantly contributing (**** p < 0.0001) to the growth inhibition of the bacteriophage MS2, a surrogate of the SARS-CoV-2 virus (ISO 18184 standard). A three-layered structure was assembled and thermoformed to obtain facemasks combining the previously chosen NWF, and its resulting antimicrobial capacity, filtration efficiency and breathability (NP EN ISO 149) were assessed. The developed three-layered and multiscaled fibrous structures with antimicrobial capacities hold immense potential as active individual protection facemasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Ferreira
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Ana Catarina Vale
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Alexandra C. Pinto
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO—Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (D.S.); (F.G.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Rita V. Costa
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Vânia Pais
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Diana Sousa
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO—Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (D.S.); (F.G.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
| | - Fernanda Gomes
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO—Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (D.S.); (F.G.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
- LABBELS, Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Graça Pinto
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO—Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (D.S.); (F.G.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
- LABBELS, Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - José Guilherme Dias
- Poleva—Termoconformados, S.A. Rua da Estrada 1939, 4610-744 Felgueiras, Portugal;
| | - Inês P. Moreira
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Carlos Mota
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
| | - João Bessa
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Joana C. Antunes
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
| | - Mariana Henriques
- CEB, Centre of Biological Engineering, LIBRO—Laboratório de Investigação em Biofilmes Rosário Oliveira, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (D.S.); (F.G.); (G.P.); (M.H.)
- LABBELS, Associate Laboratory, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Fernando Cunha
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
| | - Raul Fangueiro
- Fibrenamics, Institute of Innovation on Fiber-Based Materials and Composites, University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (T.F.); (A.C.V.); (R.V.C.); (V.P.); (I.P.M.); (C.M.); (J.B.); (F.C.); (R.F.)
- Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), University of Minho, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal;
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Cimini A, Imperi E, Picano A, Rossi M. Electrospun nanofibers for medical face mask with protection capabilities against viruses: State of the art and perspective for industrial scale-up. APPLIED MATERIALS TODAY 2023; 32:101833. [PMID: 37152683 PMCID: PMC10151159 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmt.2023.101833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Face masks have proven to be a useful protection from airborne viruses and bacteria, especially in the recent years pandemic outbreak when they effectively lowered the risk of infection from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or Omicron variants, being recognized as one of the main protective measures adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO). The need for improving the filtering efficiency performance to prevent penetration of fine particulate matter (PM), which can be potential bacteria or virus carriers, has led the research into developing new methods and techniques for face mask fabrication. In this perspective, Electrospinning has shown to be the most efficient technique to get either synthetic or natural polymers-based fibers with size down to the nanoscale providing remarkable performance in terms of both particle filtration and breathability. The aim of this Review is to give further insight into the implementation of electrospun nanofibers for the realization of the next generation of face masks, with functionalized membranes via addiction of active material to the polymer solutions that can give optimal features about antibacterial, antiviral, self-sterilization, and electrical energy storage capabilities. Furthermore, the recent advances regarding the use of renewable materials and green solvent strategies to improve the sustainability of electrospun membranes and to fabricate eco-friendly filters are here discussed, especially in view of the large-scale nanofiber production where traditional membrane manufacturing may result in a high environmental and health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Cimini
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome 00161, Italy
- LABOR s.r.l., Industrial Research Laboratory, Via Giacomo Peroni, 386, Rome, Italy
| | - E Imperi
- LABOR s.r.l., Industrial Research Laboratory, Via Giacomo Peroni, 386, Rome, Italy
| | - A Picano
- LABOR s.r.l., Industrial Research Laboratory, Via Giacomo Peroni, 386, Rome, Italy
| | - M Rossi
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering, University of Rome Sapienza, Rome 00161, Italy
- Research Center for Nanotechnology for Engineering of Sapienza (CNIS), University of Rome Sapienza, Rome 00185, Italy
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Fabrication of Laminated Micro/Nano Filter and Its Application for Inhalable PM Removal. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061459. [PMID: 36987239 PMCID: PMC10052305 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) with a diameter of 0.3 µm is inhalable and brings great threats to human health. Traditional meltblown nonwovens used for air filtration need to be treated by high voltage corona charging, which has the problem of electrostatic dissipation and thus reduces the filtration efficiency. In this work, a kind of composite air-filter with high efficiency and low resistance was fabricated by alternating lamination of ultrathin electronspun nano-layer and melt-blown layer without corona charging treatment. The effects of fiber diameter, pore size, porosity, layer number, and weight on filtration performance were investigated. Meanwhile, the surface hydrophobicity, loading capacity, and storage stability of the composite filter were studied. The results indicate that the filters (18.5 gsm) laminated by 10 layers fiber-webs present excellent filtration efficiency (97.94%), low pressure drop (53.2 Pa), high quality factor (QF 0.073 Pa−1), and high dust holding capacity (9.72 g/m2) for NaCl aerosol particles. Increasing the layers and reducing individual layer weight can significantly improve filtration efficiency and reduce pressure drop of the filter. The filtration efficiency decayed slightly from 97.94% to 96.48% after 80 days storage. The alternate arrangement of ultra-thin nano and melt-blown layers constructed a layer-by-layer interception and collaborative filtering effect in the composite filter, realizing the high filtration efficiency and low resistance without high voltage corona charging. These results provided new insights for the application of nonwoven fabrics in air filtration.
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Khalif M, Daneshmehr S, Arshadi S, Söğütlü İ, Mahmood EA, Abbasi V, Vessally E. Adsorption of O 2 molecule on the transition metals (TM(II) = Sc 2+, Ti 2+, V 2+, Cr 2+, Mn 2+, Fe 2+, Co 2+, Ni 2+, Cu 2+ and Zn 2+) porphyrins induced carbon nanocone (TM (II)PCNC). J Mol Graph Model 2023; 119:108362. [PMID: 36463004 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2022.108362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the adsorption of the O2 molecule on the transition metals (TM(II) = Sc2+, Ti2+, V2+, Cr2+, Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+) porphyrins induced carbon nanocone (TM(II)-PCNC) were investigated using density functional theory (DFT) in terms of stabilities, energetic, structural, and electronic properties. It has been found that the O2 molecule is adsorbed on the TM(II)-PCNC with adsorption energies in the range of 0.29 to -98.32 kcal/mol. The interaction between the O2 gas and the Sc-PCNC molecule from the outer site is the strongest. The interaction of the O2 gas over the Ni-PCNC molecule from both outer and inner sites is the weakest. It can be concluded that the suitable interaction energy (Eg) for sensing ability attributed to the Zn-PCNC because an effective and physical interaction between Zn-PCNC and the O2 gas leads to short recovery time. DFT calculations also clarified that the high %ΔEg of Zn-PCNC and hence the high sensitivity to the O2 gas confirm that the Zn-PCNC molecule is a promising candidate for having a good sensing ability to the O2 gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamood Khalif
- Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Shahla Daneshmehr
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Sattar Arshadi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - İnci Söğütlü
- Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Turkey
| | | | - Vahideh Abbasi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Esmail Vessally
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
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In silico investigation of metalophthalocyanine substituted in carbon nanocones (TM-PhCCNC, TM= Sc2+, Cr2+, Fe2+and Zn2+) as a promising sensor for detecting N2O gas involved in Covid-19. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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7
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Zwawi M. Incorporation of nanomaterial for the thermal management of the solidification process in mechanical storage. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2022.2141030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Zwawi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia
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Mohamed AH, Yahaya N, Mohamad S, Kamaruzaman S, Osman H, Nishiyama N, Hirota Y. Synthesis of oil palm empty fruit bunch-based magnetic-carboxymethyl cellulose nanofiber composite for magnetic solid-phase extraction of organophosphorus pesticides in environmental water samples. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Synthesis of CoFe 2O 4 magnetic nanoparticles for application in photocatalytic removal of azithromycin from wastewater. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19171. [PMID: 36357406 PMCID: PMC9647251 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Azithromycin is one of the most widely used antibiotics in medicine prescribed for various infectious diseases such as COVID-19. A significant amount of this drug is always disposed of in hospital effluents. In this study, the removal of azithromycin using Cobalt-Ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) is investigated in the presence of UV light. For this purpose, magnetic nanoparticles are synthesized and added to the test samples as a catalyst in specific proportions. To determine the structural and morphological properties of nanoparticles, characterization tests including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM), and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) are performed. 27 runs have been implemented based on the design of experiments using the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) method. Parameters are the initial concentration of azithromycin (20-60 mg/L), contact time (30-90 min), pH (6-10), and the dose of magnetic nanoparticles (20-60 mg/L). The obtained model interprets test results with high accuracy (R2 = 0.9531). Also, optimization results by the software show that the contact time of 90 min, MNP dosage of 60 mg/L, pH value of 6.67, and azithromycin initial concentration of 20 mg/L leads to the highest removal efficiency of 89.71%. These numbers are in the range of other studies in this regard.
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Numerical study of obstacle effect on atomic behavior of argon fluid flow inside a nanochannel with molecular dynamics approach. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Effects of S and Mineral Elements (Ca, Al, Si and Fe) on Thermochemical Behaviors of Zn during Co-Pyrolysis of Coal and Waste Tire: A Combined Experimental and Thermodynamic Simulation Study. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10081635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The transformation behaviors of Zn during co-pyrolysis of waste tires and coal were studied in a fixed-bed reaction system. The effects of pyrolysis temperature and the Zn content of coal mixture on the Zn distributions in the pyrolytic products (coke, tar and gas) were investigated in detail. It is found that the relative percentages of Zn in the pyrolytic products are closely related to the contents of S and mineral elements (Ca, Al, Si and Fe) in the coal. The thermodynamic equilibrium simulations conducted using FactSage 8.0 show that S, Al and Si can interact with Zn to inhibit the volatilization of Zn from coke. The reaction sequence with Zn is S > Al > Si, and the thermal stability of products is in the order of ZnS > ZnAl2O4 > Zn2SiO4. These results provide insights into the migration characteristics of Zn during co-pyrolysis of coal and waste tires, which is vital to the prevention and control of Zn emissions to reduce the environmental burden.
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Tang KY, Heng JZX, Chai CHT, Chan CY, Low BQL, Chong SME, Loh HY, Li Z, Ye E, Loh XJ. Modified Bacterial Cellulose for Biomedical Applications. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200598. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Yuanting Tang
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Jerry Zhi Xiong Heng
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Casandra Hui Teng Chai
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Chui Yu Chan
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Beverly Qian Ling Low
- National University of Singapore Department of Materials Science and Engineering SINGAPORE
| | - Serene Ming En Chong
- Singapore Institute of Technology Food, Chemical and Biotechnology Cluster SINGAPORE
| | - Hong Yi Loh
- Nanyang Technological University Department of Materials Science and Engineering SINGAPORE
| | - Zibiao Li
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Enyi Ye
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #8-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
| | - Xian Jun Loh
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Strategic Research Initiative 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis, #08-03 138634 Singapore SINGAPORE
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Enhancing Mechanical Performance of a Polymer Material by Incorporating Pillar[5]arene-Based Host–Guest Interactions. Gels 2022; 8:gels8080475. [PMID: 36005076 PMCID: PMC9407059 DOI: 10.3390/gels8080475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymer gels have been widely used in the field for tissue engineering, sensing, and drug delivery due to their excellent biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, and degradability. However, common polymer gels are easily deformed on account of their relatively weak mechanical properties, thereby hindering their application fields, as well as shortening their service life. The incorporation of reversible non-covalent bonds is capable of improving the mechanical properties of polymer gels. Thus, here, a poly(methyl methacrylate) polymer network was prepared by introducing host–guest interactions between pillar[5]arene and pyridine cation. Owing to the incorporated host–guest interactions, the modified polymer gels exhibited extraordinary mechanical properties according to the results of the tensile tests. In addition, the influence of the host–guest interaction on the mechanical properties of the gels was also proved by rheological experiments and swelling experiments.
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