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Hertel O, Neuss A, Busche T, Brandt D, Kalinowski J, Bahnemann J, Noll T. Enhancing stability of recombinant CHO cells by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated site-specific integration into regions with distinct histone modifications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1010719. [PMID: 36312557 PMCID: PMC9606416 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1010719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most important platform for producing biotherapeutics. Random integration of a transgene into epigenetically instable regions of the genome results in silencing of the gene of interest and loss of productivity during upstream processing. Therefore, cost- and time-intensive long-term stability studies must be performed. Site-specific integration into safe harbors is a strategy to overcome these limitations of conventional cell line design. Recent publications predict safe harbors in CHO cells based on omics data sets or by learning from random integrations, but those predictions remain theory. In this study, we established a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated site-specific integration strategy based on ChIP-seq data to improve stability of recombinant CHO cells. Therefore, a ChIP experiment from the exponential and stationary growth phase of a fed-batch cultivation of CHO-K1 cells yielded 709 potentially stable integration sites. The reporter gene eGFP was integrated into three regions harboring specific modifications by CRISPR/Cas9. Targeted Cas9 nanopore sequencing showed site-specific integration in all 3 cell pools with a specificity between 23 and 73%. Subsequently, the cells with the three different integration sites were compared with the randomly integrated donor vector in terms of transcript level, productivity, gene copy numbers and stability. All site-specific integrations showed an increase in productivity and transcript levels of up to 7.4-fold. In a long-term cultivation over 70 generations, two of the site-specific integrations showed a stable productivity (>70%) independent of selection pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Hertel
- Cell Culture Technology, Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- *Correspondence: Oliver Hertel,
| | - Anne Neuss
- Biochemical Engineering (AVT.BioVT), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tobias Busche
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - David Brandt
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jörn Kalinowski
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Noll
- Cell Culture Technology, Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
- Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
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2
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Zhu D, Wang Z, Xu Y, Lin J, Qiu M, Liu J, Li X. Novel application of anti‐human Fc nanobody for screening high‐producing CHO cells for monoclonal antibody. Eng Life Sci 2022; 22:608-618. [PMID: 36247827 PMCID: PMC9550735 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202200028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal‐derived anti‐IgG secondary antibodies are currently employed to stain and screen of human monoclonal antibody(mAb)‐producing cells, but using animal‐derived antibodies may raise the concerns of high cost, complicated operations and biological safety issues in biopharmaceutical manufacturing. Nanobodies(VHHs) are attractive forms of antibodies for their straightforward engineering and expression in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic systems. Using phage‐displayed immune llama VHH library, we identified new anti‐Fc VHHs that could bind to human Fc with high affinity. In GFP fusion format, the anti‐Fc VHH‐GFP generated dramatically stronger FACS signals than AF488 conjugated anti‐IgG antibodies when used for staining mAb‐producing CHO cells. Furthermore, preparative sorting of CHO cells based on anti‐Fc VHH‐GFP staining resulted in the enrichment of cell lines capable of synthesizing mAb at high productivity. This safe and cost‐efficient anti‐Fc VHH‐GFP may optimize the process of generating highly productive cell lines for therapeutic mAb production compared to conventional animal‐derived fluorescent antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhu
- Chengdu Medical College Sichuan Province China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Shanghai Bao Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd. Shanghai China
| | - Yunxia Xu
- Shanghai Bao Pharmaceuticals Co. Ltd. Shanghai China
| | - Jing Lin
- ABLINK Biotech Co. Ltd. Chengdu China
| | - Mei Qiu
- ABLINK Biotech Co. Ltd. Chengdu China
| | - Jianghai Liu
- Chengdu Medical College Sichuan Province China
- ABLINK Biotech Co. Ltd. Chengdu China
| | - Xinlei Li
- Chengdu Medical College Sichuan Province China
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3
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Marx N, Eisenhut P, Weinguny M, Klanert G, Borth N. How to train your cell - Towards controlling phenotypes by harnessing the epigenome of Chinese hamster ovary production cell lines. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 56:107924. [PMID: 35149147 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in omics technologies and the broad availability of big datasets have revolutionized our understanding of Chinese hamster ovary cells in their role as the most prevalent host for production of complex biopharmaceuticals. In consequence, our perception of this "workhorse of the biopharmaceutical industry" has successively shifted from that of a nicely working, but unknown recombinant protein producing black box to a biological system governed by multiple complex regulatory layers that might possibly be harnessed and manipulated at will. Despite the tremendous progress that has been made to characterize CHO cells on various omics levels, our understanding is still far from complete. The well-known inherent genetic plasticity of any immortalized and rapidly dividing cell line also characterizes CHO cells and can lead to problematic instability of recombinant protein production. While the high mutational frequency has been a focus of CHO cell research for decades, the impact of epigenetics and its role in differential gene expression has only recently been addressed. In this review we provide an overview about the current understanding of epigenetic regulation in CHO cells and discuss its significance for shaping the cell's phenotype. We also look into current state-of-the-art technology that can be applied to harness and manipulate the epigenetic network so as to nudge CHO cells towards a specific phenotype. Here, we revise current strategies on site-directed integration and random as well as targeted epigenome modifications. Finally, we address open questions that need to be investigated to exploit the full repertoire of fine-tuned control of multiplexed gene expression using epigenetic and systems biology tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Marx
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Eisenhut
- Austrian Centre for Industrial Biotechnology GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marcus Weinguny
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Centre for Industrial Biotechnology GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Klanert
- Austrian Centre for Industrial Biotechnology GmbH, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole Borth
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria; Austrian Centre for Industrial Biotechnology GmbH, Vienna, Austria.
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4
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Shin SW, Lee JS. CHO Cell Line Development and Engineering via Site-specific Integration: Challenges and Opportunities. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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5
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Möller J, Rosenberg M, Riecken K, Pörtner R, Zeng AP, Jandt U. Quantification of the dynamics of population heterogeneities in CHO cultures with stably integrated fluorescent markers. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:2065-2080. [PMID: 32130440 PMCID: PMC7072063 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cell population heterogeneities and their changes in mammalian cell culture processes are still not well characterized. In this study, the formation and dynamics of cell population heterogeneities were investigated with flow cytometry and stably integrated fluorescent markers based on the lentiviral gene ontology (LeGO) vector system. To achieve this, antibody-producing CHO cells were transduced with different LeGO vectors to stably express single or multiple fluorescent proteins. This enables the tracking of the transduced populations and is discussed in two case studies from the field of bioprocess engineering: In case study I, cells were co-transduced to express red, green, and blue fluorescent proteins and the development of sub-populations and expression heterogeneities were investigated in high passage cultivations (total 130 days). The formation of a fast-growing and more productive population was observed with a simultaneous increase in cell density and product titer. In case study II, different preculture growth phases and their influence on the population dynamics were investigated in mixed batch cultures with flow cytometry (offline and automated). Four cell line derivatives, each expressing a different fluorescent protein, were generated and cultivated for different time intervals, corresponding to different growth phases. Mixed cultures were inoculated from them, and changes in the composition of the cell populations were observed during the first 48 h of cultivation with reduced process productivity. In summary, we showed how the dynamics of population heterogeneities can be characterized. This represents a novel approach to investigate the dynamics of cell population heterogeneities under near-physiological conditions with changing productivity in mammalian cell culture processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Möller
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Denickestr. 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Marcel Rosenberg
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Denickestr. 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kristoffer Riecken
- Research Department Cell and Gene Therapy, Department of Stem Cell Transplantation, University Medical Centre (UMC) Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Pörtner
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Denickestr. 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - An-Ping Zeng
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Denickestr. 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Jandt
- Hamburg University of Technology, Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering, Denickestr. 15, 21073, Hamburg, Germany
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Gaidukov L, Wroblewska L, Teague B, Nelson T, Zhang X, Liu Y, Jagtap K, Mamo S, Tseng WA, Lowe A, Das J, Bandara K, Baijuraj S, Summers NM, Lu TK, Zhang L, Weiss R. A multi-landing pad DNA integration platform for mammalian cell engineering. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:4072-4086. [PMID: 29617873 PMCID: PMC5934685 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering mammalian cell lines that stably express many transgenes requires the precise insertion of large amounts of heterologous DNA into well-characterized genomic loci, but current methods are limited. To facilitate reliable large-scale engineering of CHO cells, we identified 21 novel genomic sites that supported stable long-term expression of transgenes, and then constructed cell lines containing one, two or three 'landing pad' recombination sites at selected loci. By using a highly efficient BxB1 recombinase along with different selection markers at each site, we directed recombinase-mediated insertion of heterologous DNA to selected sites, including targeting all three with a single transfection. We used this method to controllably integrate up to nine copies of a monoclonal antibody, representing about 100 kb of heterologous DNA in 21 transcriptional units. Because the integration was targeted to pre-validated loci, recombinant protein expression remained stable for weeks and additional copies of the antibody cassette in the integrated payload resulted in a linear increase in antibody expression. Overall, this multi-copy site-specific integration platform allows for controllable and reproducible insertion of large amounts of DNA into stable genomic sites, which has broad applications for mammalian synthetic biology, recombinant protein production and biomanufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonid Gaidukov
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Brian Teague
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tom Nelson
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Science, Pfizer Inc, Andover, MA 01810, USA
| | - Xin Zhang
- Biomedicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Yan Liu
- Biomedicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kalpana Jagtap
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Selamawit Mamo
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Wen Allen Tseng
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Alexis Lowe
- Biomedicine Design, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jishnu Das
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kalpanie Bandara
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Science, Pfizer Inc, Andover, MA 01810, USA
| | - Swetha Baijuraj
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Science, Pfizer Inc, Andover, MA 01810, USA
| | - Nevin M Summers
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Timothy K Lu
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.,Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Lin Zhang
- Cell Line Development, Biotherapeutics Pharmaceutical Science, Pfizer Inc, Andover, MA 01810, USA
| | - Ron Weiss
- Synthetic Biology Center, Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Tharmalingam T, Barkhordarian H, Tejeda N, Daris K, Yaghmour S, Yam P, Lu F, Goudar C, Munro T, Stevens J. Characterization of phenotypic and genotypic diversity in subclones derived from a clonal cell line. Biotechnol Prog 2019; 34:613-623. [PMID: 29882350 PMCID: PMC6099272 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Regulatory guidelines require the sponsors to provide assurance of clonality of the production cell line, and when such evidence is not available, additional studies are typically required to further ensure consistent long‐term manufacturing of the product. One potential approach to provide such assurance of clonal derivation of a production cell line is to characterize subclones generated from the original cell line and assess their phenotypic and genotypic similarity with the hypothesis that cell lines derived from a clonal bank will share performance, productivity and product quality characteristics. In this study, a production cell line that was cloned by a validated FACS approach coupled with day 0 imaging for verification of single‐cell deposition was subcloned using validated FACS and imaging methods. A total of 46 subclones were analyzed for growth, productivity, product quality, copy number, and integration site analysis. Significant diversity in cell growth, protein productivity, product quality attributes, and copy number was observed between the subclones, despite stability of the parent clone over time. The diversity in protein productivity and quality of the subclones were reproduced across time and production scales, suggesting that the resulting population post sub‐cloning originating from a single cell is stable but with unique properties. Overall, this work demonstrates that the characteristics of isolated subclones are not predictive of a clonally derived parental clone. Consequently, the analysis of subclones may not be an effective approach to demonstrate clonal origin of a cell bank. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 34:613–623, 2018
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharmala Tharmalingam
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Hedieh Barkhordarian
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Nicole Tejeda
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Kristi Daris
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Sam Yaghmour
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Pheng Yam
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Fang Lu
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Chetan Goudar
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Trent Munro
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
| | - Jennitte Stevens
- Drug Substance Technologies, Process Development, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320
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8
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Heterogeneity Studies of Mammalian Cells for Bioproduction: From Tools to Application. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:645-660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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9
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Kelly PS, Alarcon Miguez A, Alves C, Barron N. From media to mitochondria–rewiring cellular energy metabolism of Chinese hamster ovary cells for the enhanced production of biopharmaceuticals. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Vcelar S, Melcher M, Auer N, Hrdina A, Puklowski A, Leisch F, Jadhav V, Wenger T, Baumann M, Borth N. Changes in Chromosome Counts and Patterns in CHO Cell Lines upon Generation of Recombinant Cell Lines and Subcloning. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700495. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Vcelar
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
| | - Michael Melcher
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Vienna 1190; Austria
| | - Norbert Auer
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
| | - Astrid Hrdina
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
| | - Anja Puklowski
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach 88307; Germany
| | - Friedrich Leisch
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Vienna 1190; Austria
| | - Vaibhav Jadhav
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
| | - Till Wenger
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG; Biberach 88307; Germany
| | - Martina Baumann
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Vienna 1190; Austria
| | - Nicole Borth
- Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology; Vienna 1190; Austria
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Vienna 1190; Austria
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Spencer S, Gugliotta A, Koenitzer J, Hauser H, Wirth D. Stability of single copy transgene expression in CHOK1 cells is affected by histone modifications but not by DNA methylation. J Biotechnol 2015; 195:15-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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12
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García Münzer DG, Kostoglou M, Georgiadis MC, Pistikopoulos EN, Mantalaris A. Cyclin and DNA distributed cell cycle model for GS-NS0 cells. PLoS Comput Biol 2015; 11:e1004062. [PMID: 25723523 PMCID: PMC4344234 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1004062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian cell cultures are intrinsically heterogeneous at different scales (molecular to bioreactor). The cell cycle is at the centre of capturing heterogeneity since it plays a critical role in the growth, death, and productivity of mammalian cell cultures. Current cell cycle models use biological variables (mass/volume/age) that are non-mechanistic, and difficult to experimentally determine, to describe cell cycle transition and capture culture heterogeneity. To address this problem, cyclins-key molecules that regulate cell cycle transition-have been utilized. Herein, a novel integrated experimental-modelling platform is presented whereby experimental quantification of key cell cycle metrics (cell cycle timings, cell cycle fractions, and cyclin expression determined by flow cytometry) is used to develop a cyclin and DNA distributed model for the industrially relevant cell line, GS-NS0. Cyclins/DNA synthesis rates were linked to stimulatory/inhibitory factors in the culture medium, which ultimately affect cell growth. Cell antibody productivity was characterized using cell cycle-specific production rates. The solution method delivered fast computational time that renders the model's use suitable for model-based applications. Model structure was studied by global sensitivity analysis (GSA), which identified parameters with a significant effect on the model output, followed by re-estimation of its significant parameters from a control set of batch experiments. A good model fit to the experimental data, both at the cell cycle and viable cell density levels, was observed. The cell population heterogeneity of disturbed (after cell arrest) and undisturbed cell growth was captured proving the versatility of the modelling approach. Cell cycle models able to capture population heterogeneity facilitate in depth understanding of these complex systems and enable systematic formulation of culture strategies to improve growth and productivity. It is envisaged that this modelling approach will pave the model-based development of industrial cell lines and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G. García Münzer
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Margaritis Kostoglou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Michael C. Georgiadis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Efstratios N. Pistikopoulos
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Athanasios Mantalaris
- Biological Systems Engineering Laboratory, Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Engineering an aglycosylated Fc variant for enhanced FcγRI engagement and pH-dependent human FcRn binding. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-013-0432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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