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Wang F, Zheng J, Cheng J, Zou H, Li M, Deng B, Luo R, Wang F, Huang D, Li G, Zhang R, Ding X, Li Y, Du J, Yang Y, Kan J. Personalized nutrition: A review of genotype-based nutritional supplementation. Front Nutr 2022; 9:992986. [PMID: 36159456 PMCID: PMC9500586 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.992986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional disorders have become a major public health issue, requiring increased targeted approaches. Personalized nutrition adapted to individual needs has garnered dramatic attention as an effective way to improve nutritional balance and maintain health. With the rapidly evolving fields of genomics and nutrigenetics, accumulation of genetic variants has been indicated to alter the effects of nutritional supplementation, suggesting its indispensable role in the genotype-based personalized nutrition. Additionally, the metabolism of nutrients, such as lipids, especially omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, glucose, vitamin A, folic acid, vitamin D, iron, and calcium could be effectively improved with related genetic variants. This review focuses on existing literatures linking critical genetic variants to the nutrient and the ways in which these variants influence the outcomes of certain nutritional supplementations. Although further studies are required in this direction, such evidence provides valuable insights for the guidance of appropriate interventions using genetic information, thus paving the way for the smooth transition of conventional generic approach to genotype-based personalized nutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junrui Cheng
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Hong Zou
- Sequanta Technologies Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Bin Deng
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong Luo
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Gang Li
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
| | - Rao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Ding
- School of Public Health, Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Sequanta Technologies Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Du
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
- Jun Du
| | - Yuexin Yang
- Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, China
- Yuexin Yang
| | - Juntao Kan
- Nutrilite Health Institute, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Juntao Kan
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Keathley J, Garneau V, Marcil V, Mutch DM, Robitaille J, Rudkowska I, Sofian GM, Desroches S, Vohl MC. Nutrigenetics, omega-3 and plasma lipids/lipoproteins/apolipoproteins with evidence evaluation using the GRADE approach: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e054417. [PMID: 35193914 PMCID: PMC8867311 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-054417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Despite the uptake of nutrigenetic testing through direct-to-consumer services and healthcare professionals, systematic reviews determining scientific validity are limited in this field. The objective of this review was to: retrieve, synthesise and assess the quality of evidence (confidence) for nutrigenetic approaches related to the effect of genetic variation on plasma lipid, lipoprotein and apolipoprotein responsiveness to omega-3 fatty acid intake. DESIGN A systematic review was conducted using three search engines (Embase, Web of Science and Medline) for articles published up until 1 August 2020. We aimed to systematically search, identify (select) and provide a narrative synthesis of all studies that assessed nutrigenetic associations/interactions for genetic variants (comparators) influencing the plasma lipid, lipoprotein and/or apolipoprotein response (outcomes) to omega-3 fatty acid intake (intervention/exposure) in humans-both paediatric and adult populations (population). We further aimed to assess the overall quality of evidence for specific priority nutrigenetic associations/interactions based on the following inclusion criteria: nutrigenetic associations/interactions reported for the same genetic variants (comparators) influencing the same plasma lipid, lipoprotein and/or apolipoprotein response (outcomes) to omega-3 fatty acid intake (intervention/exposure) in humans-both paediatric and adult populations (population) in at least two independent studies, irrespective of the findings. Risk of bias was assessed in individual studies. Evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach with a modification to further consider biological plausibility. RESULTS Out of 1830 articles screened, 65 met the inclusion criteria for the narrative synthesis (n=23 observational, n=42 interventional); of these, 25 met the inclusion criteria for GRADE evidence evaluation. Overall, current evidence is insufficient for gene-diet associations related to omega-3 fatty acid intake on plasma apolipoproteins, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol and LDL particle size. However, there is strong (GRADE rating: moderate quality) evidence to suggest that male APOE-E4 carriers (rs429358, rs7412) exhibit significant triglyceride reductions in response to omega-3-rich fish oil with a dose-response effect. Moreover, strong (GRADE rating: high quality) evidence suggests that a 31-SNP nutrigenetic risk score can predict plasma triglyceride responsiveness to omega-3-rich fish oil in adults with overweight/obesity from various ethnicities. CONCLUSIONS Most evidence in this area is weak, but two specific nutrigenetic interactions exhibited strong evidence, with generalisability limited to specific populations. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020185087.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Keathley
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Véronique Garneau
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Marcil
- Department of Nutrition, University of Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Research Centre, Sainte-Justine University Health Centre, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David M Mutch
- Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Department of Kinesiology, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec - Université Laval Research Center, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sophie Desroches
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Vohl
- Université Laval, Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la Nutrition et les Aliments Fonctionnels (INAF) Quebec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
- Universite Laval, School of Nutrition, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Ahluwalia MK. Nutrigenetics and nutrigenomics-A personalized approach to nutrition. ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2021; 108:277-340. [PMID: 34844714 DOI: 10.1016/bs.adgen.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of non-communicable diseases has been on an upward trajectory for some time and this puts an enormous burden on the healthcare expenditure. Lifestyle modifications including dietary interventions hold an immense promise to manage and prevent these diseases. Recent advances in genomic research provide evidence that focussing these efforts on individual variations in abilities to metabolize nutrients (nutrigenetics) and exploring the role of dietary compounds on gene expression (nutrigenomics and nutri-epigenomics) can lead to more meaningful personalized dietary strategies to promote optimal health. This chapter aims to provide examples on these gene-diet interactions at multiple levels to support the need of embedding targeted dietary interventions as a way forward to prevent, avoid and manage diseases.
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O'Connor S, Rudkowska I. Dietary Fatty Acids and the Metabolic Syndrome: A Personalized Nutrition Approach. ADVANCES IN FOOD AND NUTRITION RESEARCH 2019; 87:43-146. [PMID: 30678820 DOI: 10.1016/bs.afnr.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Dietary fatty acids are present in a wide variety of foods and appear in different forms and lengths. The different fatty acids are known to have various effects on metabolic health. The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of risk factors of chronic diseases. The etiology of the MetS is represented by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Dietary fatty acids can be important contributors of the evolution or in prevention of the MetS; however, great interindividual variability exists in the response to fatty acids. The identification of genetic variants interacting with fatty acids might explain this heterogeneity in metabolic responses. This chapter reviews the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the different components of the MetS, dietary fatty acids and genes. Challenges surrounding the implementation of personalized nutrition are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah O'Connor
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
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Noumi Y, Kawamura R, Tabara Y, Maruyama K, Takata Y, Nishida W, Okamoto A, Nishimiya T, Onuma H, Saito I, Tanigawa T, Osawa H. An inverse association between serum resistin levels and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids intake was strongest in the SNP-420 G/G genotype in the Japanese cohort: The Toon Genome Study. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018; 88:51-57. [PMID: 29044636 DOI: 10.1111/cen.13500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Resistin is secreted by monocytes/macrophages and is associated with insulin resistance, inflammation and cardiovascular diseases. In the Japanese cohort, serum resistin is tightly associated with a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) at -420 (rs1862513) in the promoter region of the human resistin gene. However, interactions between SNP-420 and environmental factors remain to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum resistin levels and nutrient intake, and the effect of SNP-420 on this association. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS AND MEASUREMENTS The Toon Genome Study is a cohort study of Japanese community-dwelling subjects. A total of 1981 participants were cross-sectionally analysed. Each nutrient intake was assessed using the semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire and categorized into the quartiles (Q1-Q4). Serum resistin was measured by ELISA. RESULTS Serum resistin tended to be inversely associated with fish intake and positively associated with meat intake after adjustment for age, sex, BMI and energy intake. Serum resistin was inversely associated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) intake after adjustment for age, sex, BMI and energy intake (Q1 12.5, Q2 12.5, Q3 12.2, Q4 11.5 ng/mL; P for trend = .007). This inverse association was strongest in the G/G genotype of SNP-420, followed by C/G and C/C (G/G, Q1 18.9, Q2 19.5, Q3 18.4, Q4 14.5 ng/mL, P = .001; C/G, 14.4, 13.3, 13.1, 12.9, P = .015; C/C, 9.5, 9.5, 9.2, 8.8, P = .020; P for interaction = .004). CONCLUSIONS The inverse association between serum resistin and n-3 PUFA intake was strongest in SNP-420 G/G genotype in the Japanese cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukinobu Noumi
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Kawamura
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koutatsu Maruyama
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takata
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Wataru Nishida
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Ai Okamoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishimiya
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ehime University Hospital, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Onuma
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Isao Saito
- Department of Community Health Systems Nursing, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tanigawa
- Department of Public Health, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Osawa
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
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Yang Q, Yin RX, Cao XL, Wu DF, Chen WX, Zhou YJ. Association of two polymorphisms in the FADS1/FADS2 gene cluster and the risk of coronary artery disease and ischemic stroke. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:7318-7331. [PMID: 26261632 PMCID: PMC4525966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the association of the FADS1/FADS2 SNPs and serum lipid levels and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and ischemic stroke (IS) in the Chinese southern population. The present study aimed to determine such association in the Chinese southern population. A total of 1,669 unrelated subjects (CAD, 534; IS, 553; and healthy controls, 582) were recruited in the study. Genotypes of the FADS1 rs174546 SNP and the FADS2 rs174601 SNP were determined by the SNaPshot Multiplex Kit. The T allele and TT genotype frequencies of the two SNPs were predominant in our study population. The T alleles were associated with increased risk of CAD and IS. Correspondingly, the C alleles were associated with reduced risk of CAD and IS. Haplotype analyses showed that the haplotype of T-T (rs174546-rs174601) was associated with an increased risk for IS, and the haplotype of C-C (rs174546-rs174601) was associated with a reduced risk for CAD and IS. The two SNPs were likely to influence serum lipid levels. The T allele carriers of the two SNPs and rs174601 TT genotype were associated with decreased serum HDL-C and ApoAI levels in the patient groups and with an increased risk of CAD and IS. The present study suggests that the FADS1 rs174546 SNP and the FADS2 rs174601 SNP are associated with the risk of CAD and IS, and are likely to influence serum lipid levels. However, further functional studies are needed to clarify how the two SNPs actually affect serum lipid levels and the risk of CAD and IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Xing Yin
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Li Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Feng Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wu-Xian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Jiang Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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