Association of TCF7L2 rs7903146 Polymorphism with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Among Kurdish Population in Erbil Province, Iraq

Molecular Genetics of Abnormal Redox Homeostasis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress resulting from an imbalance between the production of free radicals and their neutralization by antioxidant enzymes is one of the major pathological disorders underlying the development and progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review summarizes the current state of the art advances in understanding the role of abnormal redox homeostasis in the molecular mechanisms of T2D and provides comprehensive information on the characteristics and biological functions of antioxidant and oxidative enzymes, as well as discusses genetic studies conducted so far in order to investigate the contribution of polymorphisms in genes encoding redox state-regulating enzymes to the disease pathogenesis.

Possible Role of rs7903146 Polymorphism of the Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Gene in Genetic Predisposition to Type 2 Diabetes

<b>Background and Objective:</b> The association of rs7903146 polymorphism of TCF7L2 gene with Type 2 diabetes mellitus found almost in all ethnic groups. Therefore, the current study focused on estimating this association in the Azerbaijan population for the 1st time. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> A study was conducted on 110 patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and 115 healthy controls. The biochemical parameters were analyzed and calculated with an independent t-test and Fisher exact test. DNA extracted from the blood samples run in PCR. PCR was used to detect the presence of TCF7L2 rs7903146 C/T polymorphism and the products of the PCR were visualized in a 1.5% gel electrophoresis. <b>Results:</b> According to the obtained data, T allele and TT genotype of rs7903146 polymorphism strongly correlated with the risk for Type 2 diabetes (odds ratio of 1.68 for T allele and p = 0.007, odds ratio of 3.9 for TT genotype, p = 0.0028). These results were adjusted by applying the recessive model (p = 0.003). Moreover, the biochemical parameters also show a significant difference in the fasting glucose level (p = 0.0001), fasting insulin (p = 0.0001), BMI (p = 0.0002) and age (p = 0.015) inpatient and control groups. <b>Conclusion:</b> Based on the results, the TCF7L2 rs7903146 (C>T) polymorphism is the genetic risk factor related to Type 2 diabetes in the Azerbaijan population.