Curative surgery for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: a rare case study

Immunotherapy for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver: A case report

The present study reports an exceedingly rare case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver (PSCCL), a malignancy that has been documented in only ~30 cases worldwide, with both diagnosis and treatment presenting significant challenges. A 72-year-old man presented with right upper abdominal discomfort was admitted to Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital (Xi'an, China). Computed tomography (CT) imaging revealed a space-occupying lesion in the liver. A subsequent percutaneous liver biopsy confirmed a diagnosis of PSCCL. Positron emission tomography/CT was performed to exclude metastasis from other primary sites and confirmed the diagnosis of PSCCL. The patient received combination therapy of envafolimab and albumin-paclitaxel plus cisplatin. Telephone follow-up continued until December 2024 (a total of 18 months), during which the patient achieved and maintained a sustained partial response. The uniqueness of the present case lies in the patient's receipt of an innovative therapeutic regimen combining envafolimab with albumin-paclitaxel and cisplatin, achieving a sustained partial response over an 18-month follow-up period. This outcome not only offers novel insights for the clinical management of PSCCL but also underscores the importance of multidisciplinary comprehensive treatment in rare tumors.

Clinical Outcomes of Hepatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma With Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 (FGFR2) Mutation: A Case Report

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver (PSCCL) is an extremely rare disease with a poor prognosis. To date, few cancer-related genetic abnormalities in PSCCL have been reported. This report describes a case of PSCCL with FGFR2 alterations in a male patient in his 50s. The patient presented with loss of appetite and epigastric pain. Computed tomography confirmed an irregular mass in the liver and lymphadenopathy in the mediastinum and right supraclavicular region. Biopsies were obtained from the liver and right supraclavicular lymph nodes, and a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma was determined. No other primary lesions were identified, and PSCCL was diagnosed. Administration of gemcitabine + cisplatin and gemcitabine + S-1 was discontinued due to allergic reactions. Erdafitinib was then administered; however, the disease progressed. The patient passed away 12 months after the initial treatment. No established treatment options for PSCCL are currently available. Identifying cancer-related genetic abnormalities may help in making treatment decisions.

Hepatic squamous cell carcinoma initially presenting as cholecystitis misdiagnosed as cholangiocarcinoma: A case report

Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver (PSCCL) is a rare intrahepatic primary tumor. Due to a lack of distinctive clinical presentations and radiological features, early diagnosis is challenging. The present study, describes a patient who initially presented with symptoms indicative of cholecystitis but was misdiagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma. It is hypothesized that fluctuations in carcinoembryonic antigen levels during laboratory tests can significantly aid the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of tumors. Furthermore, imaging studies are essential for the early diagnosis of PSCCL and the exclusion of metastatic squamous cell carcinoma.

Unusual Case of Primary Hepatic Squamous Carcinoma on 18F-FDG PET/CT

ABSTRACT

Primary hepatic squamous carcinoma is an extremely rare liver tumor type with high malignancy and poor prognosis. We present 18F-FDG PET/CT findings of primary squamous carcinoma of the liver in a 65-year-old man, who was admitted to the hospital with subxiphoid pain in the epigastric region radiating to the left lower back for 2 months. 18F-FDG PET/CT demonstrated a large heterogeneous mild enhancing mass in the left lobe of the liver, with intense circumferential 18F-FDG activity.

Primary hepatic squamous cell carcinoma: case report and systematic review of the literature

Primary hepatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is extremely rare, and only a few dozen cases have been reported to date. It can barely be diagnosed before histopathological examination, which necessitates the exclusion of metastatic tumors. In this case, we present a 60-year-old female patient with no comorbidity. As laboratory tests and imaging examinations were not diagnostic, ultrasonography (US)-guided liver biopsy was performed and eventually revealed a definitive pathological diagnosis of hepatic SCC. After excluding metastasis, the diagnosis of primary hepatic SCC was established, and then chemotherapy and immunotherapy were performed. Additionally, a comprehensive literature search was conducted on primary hepatic SCC using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, and a total of 53 articles were retrieved with a time range from 1972 to 2022. A critical analysis was then performed to evaluate previous literature focusing on the clinical characteristics, imaging features, treatments, and prognosis.