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Sato K, Momose-Sato Y. Optical recording of oscillatory activity in the absence of external Ca 2+ in the embryonic chick olfactory bulb. Neurosci Lett 2023; 809:137310. [PMID: 37225118 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2023.137310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We applied 464/1020-site optical recording systems with a voltage-sensitive dye (NK2761) to the embryonic chick olfactory system and detected oscillatory activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) in the absence of synaptic transmission. In embryonic day 8-10 (E8-E10) chick olfactory nerve (N.I)-OB-forebrain preparations, the removal of Ca2+ from the external solution completely blocked the glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) from the N.I to the OB as well as oscillations following the EPSP. However, a novel type of oscillatory activity was detected in the OB with the long-term perfusion of a Ca2+-free solution. The characteristics of oscillatory activity in the Ca2+-free solution differed from those in normal physiological solution. The present results suggest the existence of a neural communication system in the absence of synaptic transmission at the early stage of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Komazawa Women's University Faculty of Human Health, Inagi-shi, Tokyo 206-8511, Japan.
| | - Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8503, Japan
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Sato K, Momose-Sato Y. Functional development of olfactory nerve-related neural circuits in the embryonic chick forebrain revealed by voltage-sensitive dye imaging. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:4914-4929. [PMID: 35920370 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Multiple-site optical recordings with NK2761, a voltage-sensitive absorption dye, were applied to the embryonic chick olfactory system, and the functional development of olfactory nerve (N.I)-related neural circuits was examined in the forebrain. The stimulation of the N. I elicited neural responses in N.I-olfactory bulb (OB)-forebrain preparations at the embryonic 8-12 day (E8-E12) stages. At the E11 stage, we functionally identified two circuits projecting from the OB to the forebrain. The first circuit passed through the ventral side of the forebrain and spread in the dorso-caudal direction, while the second circuit passed through the dorsal side to the first circuit. Pharmacological experiments showed that NMDA receptor function was more significant for the transfer of sensory information in these circuits. The functional development of N.I-related circuits was investigated, and the results obtained revealed that the ventral circuit was generated earlier than the dorsal circuit. Neural responses in the ventral circuit were detected from the E9 stage in normal physiological solution and the E8 stage in Mg2+ -free solution, which activated NMDA receptor function. At the E10 stage, neural responses in the dorsal circuit were clearly recognized in addition to ventral responses. We attempted to identify possible candidates for relay nuclei in the forebrain by comparing contour line maps of the optical signal amplitude with previously reported neuroanatomical data. The present results suggest that N.I-related neural circuits from the periphery to the subpallium functionally mature earlier than those to the pallium during ontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Komazawa Women's University Faculty of Human Health, Inagi-shi, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
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Momose-Sato Y, Sato K. Voltage-sensitive dye recording of glossopharyngeal nerve-related synaptic networks in the embryonic mouse brainstem. IBRO Rep 2019; 6:176-184. [PMID: 31193501 PMCID: PMC6531809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibror.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The glossopharyngeal nerve (N.IX) transfers motor and sensory information related to visceral and somatic functions, such as salivary secretion, gustation and the control of blood pressure. N.IX-related neural circuits are indispensable for these essential functions. Compared with the strenuous analysis of morphogenesis, we are only just starting to elucidate the functiogenesis of these neural circuits during ontogenesis. In the present study, we applied voltage-sensitive dye recording to the embryonic mouse brainstem, and examined the functional development of the N.IX-related neural circuits. First, we optically identified the motor nucleus (the inferior salivatory nucleus (ISN)) and the first-order sensory nucleus (the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS)). We also succeeded in recording optical responses in the second/higher-order sensory nuclei via the NTS, including the parabrachial nucleus. Second, we pursued neuronal excitability and the onset of synaptic function in the N.IX-related nuclei. The neurons in the ISN were excitable at least at E11, and functional synaptic transmission in the NTS was first expressed at E12. In the second/higher-order sensory nuclei, synaptic function emerged at around E12-13. Third, by mapping optical responses to N.IX and vagus nerve (N.X) stimulation, we showed that the distribution patterns of neural activity in the NTS were different between the N.IX and the N.X from the early stage of ontogenesis. We discuss N.IX-related neural circuit formation in the brainstem, in comparison with our previous results obtained from chick and rat embryos.
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Key Words
- APV, dl-2-amino-5-phosphonovaleric acid
- CNQX, 6-cyano-7- nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
- CNS, central nervous system
- Development
- EPSP, excitatory postsynaptic potential
- Glossopharyngeal nerve
- ISN, inferior salivatory nucleus
- N.IX, glossopharyngeal nerve
- N.X, vagus nerve
- NTS, nucleus of the tractus solitarius
- Neural circuit formation
- Optical recording
- PBN, parabrachial nucleus
- Synaptogenesis
- VSD, voltage-sensitive dye
- Voltage-sensitive dye
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-8503, Japan
| | - Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Komazawa Women’s University Faculty of Human Health, Inagi-shi, Tokyo 206-8511, Japan
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Hama N, Kawai M, Ito SI, Yoshida Y, Fujita Y, Hirota A. Concave-shaped transparent electrode to simultaneously monitor electrical activity from multiple sites within the optical sampling area of the intact rat cerebral cortex. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:543-551. [PMID: 30758781 PMCID: PMC10717891 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-019-00663-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a concave-shaped transparent electrode unit that enables the placement of several electrodes within the optical sampling area on the spherical surface of the rat brain. This concave-shaped transparent electrode unit consists of an insulator base (a plano-concave lens) and a gallium-doped zinc oxide film that is a transparent conductor coating the base. Most of the unit is wrapped in an insulator film made of silicon dioxide, and the few areas left unwrapped act as electrodes. In the study reported here this newly developed transparent electrode unit worked well within the optical detection area without affecting optical recording. We applied this unit to our multiple-site optical recording system for membrane potential in order to eliminate pulsation artifacts and succeeded in optically recording spontaneous neural activity, including small changes in membrane potential, in the cerebral cortex in a single-sweep recording.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriyuki Hama
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.
| | - Minako Kawai
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Ito
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshida
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujita
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Akihiko Hirota
- Department of Neural and Muscular Physiology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan
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Uchida S, Ito Y, Kagitani F. Effects of nicotine on odor-induced increases in regional blood flow in the olfactory bulb in rats. J Physiol Sci 2019; 69:425-431. [PMID: 30600444 PMCID: PMC10717050 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-018-00657-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study examined the effects of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor activation on the odor-induced blood flow response in the olfactory bulb. In urethane-anesthetized rats, odor stimulation (5% amyl acetate, 30 s) produced an increase in olfactory bulb blood flow (reaching 107% ± 3% of the pre-stimulus basal values), without changes in frontal cortical blood flow or mean arterial pressure. Intravenous injection of nicotine (30 μg/kg), a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, significantly augmented the odor-induced increase response of olfactory bulb blood flow, without changes in the basal blood flow level. The nicotine-induced augmentation of the olfactory bulb blood flow response to odor was negated by dihydro-β-erythroidine, an α4β2-preferring nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist. Our results suggest that the activation of α4β2-like neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the brain potentiates an odor-induced blood flow response in the olfactory bulb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sae Uchida
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan.
| | - Yoshie Ito
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
| | - Fusako Kagitani
- Department of Autonomic Neuroscience, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0015, Japan
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Momose-Sato Y, Sato K. Optical analysis of functional development of the facial motor nucleus in the embryonic rat brainstem. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 48:3273-3287. [PMID: 30118560 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Facial motor neurons of the rat embryo are first generated in rhombomere 4 and then migrate in the caudo-ventral direction. This migration forms a unique axonal trajectory called the genu, a loop of facial motor axons around the abducens nucleus. It is still unclear when and how this unique structure is functionally established during ontogenesis. Using voltage-sensitive dye (VSD) recording and the DiI staining method, we identified neural responses evoked by facial nerve (N.VII) stimulation and examined developmental processes of the facial motor nucleus in E12-E17 rat brainstems. We identified two types of fast spike-like signals; a long-duration signal, which corresponded to the action potential in the N.VII soma, and a short-duration signal, which reflected the action potential in the N.VII axons. The long-duration signal was detected as early as E13, suggesting that the N.VII motor neuron is already excitable at the beginning of cell migration. The response area of the long-duration signal extended caudally at E13-E14, and shifted in a ventral direction at E15. At E16-E17, the long-duration signal was concentrated in the caudo-ventral area, which was comparable to the location of the facial motor nucleus in the adult rat brainstem. These results demonstrate that developmental processes of cell migration and nuclear organization can be visualized and identified functionally with the VSD recording. We discuss the results by comparing functiogenesis and morphogenesis of the N.VII pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Momose-Sato
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nutrition, Kanto Gakuin University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Katsushige Sato
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Human Health, Komazawa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan
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