Effect of Diagnosis by Two-Dimensional Radiography Versus CBCT on Surgical Aspects of Transmigrated Impacted Mandibular Canines

Association of mandibular canine impaction and anatomical factors: A multicentre retrospective panoramic study in Latin America

INTRODUCTION

Mandibular canine impaction is infrequent in dental eruption anomalies and treatment is very challenging. The aim of this multicenter retrospective panoramic study in Latin America was to evaluate panoramic radiographic imaging characteristics of mandibular canine impaction (impaction area, mandibular base contact, transmigration, impaction height and sex) and their associations.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study evaluated 212 digital panoramic radiographs from three radiological centres in Tingo Maria (Peru), Bogota and Tunja (Colombia). The study included children of both sexes with impacted mandibular canines. Mandibular alpha angle, contact with mandibular basal bone (MBB), impacted sector according to 10 sectors with an adaptation of the Ericson and Kurol method, presence of transmigration and the impacted height were measured and the relationship among these measures was analyzed. Fisher's exact test, Chi-square and binary logistic regression were used. (P<0.05).

RESULTS

The mandibular canine impaction showed contact with the MBB (32.08%), dental transmigration (36.79%), mainly located at an apical (40.09%) and sub-apical (36.79%) level. Transmigration mainly occurred in sectors 6 (33.30%) and 10 (25.60%) (P<0.001). It was found that for each year of increase in age, the possibility of contact with the MBB decreased (β=0.89, P=0.010), and as the alpha angle increased by one degree the probability of contact with the MBB decreased (β=0.97, P=0.001) and the probability of transmigration increased (β=1.05, P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

One third of the impacted canines were in contact with the MBB, while another third presented dental transmigration and were mainly located apically and subapically of the incisor roots. These imaging features should be taken into account when planning orthodontic treatment.

Treatment of Mandibular Impacted Canine in a Patient with Class II Division 1 Malocclusion with "Reverse Pin": A Case Report

This case report presents an orthodontic treatment conducted on a 13-year-old girl with bilateral Class II malocclusion and a mandibular impacted canine. The presence of an impacted tooth necessitates careful consideration of the timing of orthodontic treatment, the appropriate surgical procedure to expose the tooth, the specific orthodontic mechanics involved, and the potential problems that may arise, all of which depend on the type and location of the canine impaction in the jaw. The treatment plan included a surgical procedure to expose the impacted tooth and orthodontic traction to guide it into position. Correction of the Class II Division 1 malocclusion utilized a specialized technique called the "reverse pin", reducing vertical side effects. The revised version maintains clarity and key information about the case report and treatment.

Imaging in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

The scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery treatment and care is very broad, from dentoalveolar surgery, to pathology and reconstruction, to treatment of craniofacial deformities. The effective surgical treatment of patients requires appropriate and accurate diagnostic imaging. The various imaging modalities used in oral and maxillofacial surgery are typically for diagnostic and treatment planning purposes. With the improvements of three-dimensional imaging and software programs, surgical treatment and care have been enhanced with patient-specific guides, hardware, and implants. This article discusses the various imaging modalities used for a variety of typical oral and maxillofacial surgery procedures.