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Mu C, Gao M, Xu W, Sun X, Chen T, Xu H, Qiu H. Mechanisms of microRNA-132 in central neurodegenerative diseases: A comprehensive review. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 170:116029. [PMID: 38128185 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-132 (miR-132) is a highly conserved molecule that plays a crucial regulatory role in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The expression levels of miR-132 exhibit variability in various neurological disorders and have been closely linked to disease onset and progression. The expression level of miR-132 in the CNS is regulated by a diverse range of stimuli and signaling pathways, including neuronal migration and integration, dendritic outgrowth, and complexity, synaptogenesis, synaptic plasticity, as well as inflammation and apoptosis activation. The aberrant expression of miR-132 in various central neurodegenerative diseases has garnered widespread attention. Clinical studies have revealed altered miR-132 expression levels in both chronic and acute CNS diseases, positioning miR-132 as a potential biomarker or therapeutic target. An in-depth exploration of miR-132 holds the promise of enhancing our understanding of the mechanisms underlying CNS diseases, thereby offering novel insights and strategies for disease diagnosis and treatment. It is anticipated that this review will assist researchers in recognizing the potential value of miR-132 and in generating innovative ideas for clinical trials related to CNS degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Mu
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Meng Gao
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Weijing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xun Sun
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Tianhao Chen
- Basic Medical College, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China; Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Xu
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Hongbin Qiu
- School of Public Health, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154007, Heilongjiang, China.
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Huang L, Liu M, Jiang W, Ding H, Han Y, Wen M, Li Y, Liu X, Zeng H. Bradykinin/bradykinin 1 receptor promotes brain microvascular endothelial cell permeability and proinflammatory cytokine release by downregulating Wnt3a. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23213. [PMID: 36111657 PMCID: PMC10078380 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is a life-threatening disease with limited therapeutic options. Damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the key pathological feature of ischemic stroke. This study explored the role of the bradykinin (BK)/bradykinin 1 receptor (B1R) and its mechanism of action in the BBB. Human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were used to test for cellular responses to BK by using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, cellular permeability assays, and western blotting to evaluate cell viability, cytokine production, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in vitro. A BBB induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion was used to evaluate BBB injuries, and the role played by BK/B1R in ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) was explored in a rat model. Results showed that BK reduced the viability of BMECs and increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin 6 [IL-6], IL-18, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and ROS. Additionally, cellular permeability was increased by BK treatment, and the expression of tight junction proteins (claudin-5 and occludin) was decreased. Interestingly, Wnt3a expression was inhibited by BK and exogenous Wnt3a restored the effects of BK on BMECs. In an in vivo I/R rat model, knockdown of B1R significantly decreased infarct volume and inflammation in I/R rats. Our results suggest that BK might be a key inducer of BBB injury and B1R knockdown might provide a beneficial effect by upregulating Wnt3a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqiang Huang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Mengting Liu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Clinical Medical Division, The Second School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Wenqiang Jiang
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Hongguang Ding
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Yongli Han
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Miaoyun Wen
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Ya Li
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Clinical Medical Division, School of Medicine South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
- Clinical Medical Division, The Second School of Clinical Medicine Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Hongke Zeng
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences Guangzhou Guangdong China
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Guo P, Liu L, Yang X, Li M, Zhao Q, Wu H. Irisin improves BBB dysfunction in SAP rats by inhibiting MMP-9 via the ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Cell Signal 2022; 93:110300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Udrea AM, Gradisteanu Pircalabioru G, Boboc AA, Mares C, Dinache A, Mernea M, Avram S. Advanced Bioinformatics Tools in the Pharmacokinetic Profiles of Natural and Synthetic Compounds with Anti-Diabetic Activity. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1692. [PMID: 34827690 PMCID: PMC8615418 DOI: 10.3390/biom11111692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes represents a major health problem, involving a severe imbalance of blood sugar levels, which can disturb the nerves, eyes, kidneys, and other organs. Diabes management involves several synthetic drugs focused on improving insulin sensitivity, increasing insulin production, and decreasing blood glucose levels, but with unclear molecular mechanisms and severe side effects. Natural chemicals extracted from several plants such as Gymnema sylvestre, Momordica charantia or Ophiopogon planiscapus Niger have aroused great interest for their anti-diabetes activity, but also their hypolipidemic and anti-obesity activity. Here, we focused on the anti-diabetic activity of a few natural and synthetic compounds, in correlation with their pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles, especially with their blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. We reviewed studies that used bioinformatics methods such as predicted BBB, molecular docking, molecular dynamics and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) to elucidate the proper action mechanisms of antidiabetic compounds. Currently, it is evident that BBB damage plays a significant role in diabetes disorders, but the molecular mechanisms are not clear. Here, we presented the efficacy of natural (gymnemic acids, quercetin, resveratrol) and synthetic (TAK-242, propofol, or APX3330) compounds in reducing diabetes symptoms and improving BBB dysfunctions. Bioinformatics tools can be helpful in the quest for chemical compounds with effective anti-diabetic activity that can enhance the druggability of molecular targets and provide a deeper understanding of diabetes mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Maria Udrea
- Laser Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Maurele, Romania; (A.M.U.); (A.D.)
- Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Section, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 1 B. P. Hașdeu St., 50567 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru
- Earth, Environmental and Life Sciences Section, Research Institute of the University of Bucharest, University of Bucharest, 1 B. P. Hașdeu St., 50567 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Anca Andreea Boboc
- “Maria Sklodowska Curie” Emergency Children’s Hospital, 20, Constantin Brancoveanu Bd., 077120 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Pediatrics 8, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eroii Sanitari Bd., 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Catalina Mares
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Andra Dinache
- Laser Department, National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 077125 Maurele, Romania; (A.M.U.); (A.D.)
| | - Maria Mernea
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.); (S.A.)
| | - Speranta Avram
- Department of Anatomy, Animal Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91–95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (C.M.); (S.A.)
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Zhang Q, Tan J, Wan L, Chen C, Wu B, Ke X, Wu R, Ran X. Increase in Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability is Modulated by Tissue Kallikrein via Activation of Bradykinin B1 and B2 Receptor-Mediated Signaling. J Inflamm Res 2021; 14:4283-4297. [PMID: 34511968 PMCID: PMC8417820 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s322225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a critical pathological feature after stroke. Although tissue kallikrein (TK) has used in the treatment of stroke in China, the role of TK in modulating BBB permeability is not clear. Methods We investigated the effect of different doses of TK on BBB by in vivo assessments of Evans blue (EB) and sodium-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) leakage and in vitro assessments of the integrity of BBB and monolayers of microvascular endothelial cells (BMVECs). The expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and bradykinin receptor-mediated signaling in BMVECs was detected. Results A significant increase in BBB permeability was observed in the mice treated with high dose of TK. However, standard and medium doses of TK could only enable sodium-FITC to enter the brain. The result of in vitro study indicated that high-doses of TK, but not standard and medium-dose of TK, reduced normal BBB integrity accompanied by a decreased expression of zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), upregulated the mRNA levels of bradykinin 2 receptor (B2R) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the abundance of B2R. Moreover, standard-dose of TK exacerbated lipopolysaccharide-induced BBB hyperpermeability, upregulated the mRNA levels of bradykinin 1 receptor (B1R) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), increased the abundance of B1R and reduced the abundance of ZO-1; these effects were inhibited by TK inhibitor. Conclusion TK can disrupt tight junctions and increase normal BBB permeability via B2R-dependent eNOS signaling pathway, aggravate impairment of BBB via B1R-dependent iNOS signaling pathway, and consequently serve as a useful adjunctive treatment for enhancing the efficacy of other neurotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Wan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Wu
- Laboratory of Platelet and Endothelium Biology, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine (Wuhan No.1 Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xijian Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxue Wu
- Department of Biological Sciences Division/ Cardiology, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Xiao Ran
- Department of Emergency, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Al-Ahmad AJ, Pervaiz I, Karamyan VT. Neurolysin substrates bradykinin, neurotensin and substance P enhance brain microvascular permeability in a human in vitro model. J Neuroendocrinol 2021; 33:e12931. [PMID: 33506602 PMCID: PMC8166215 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Increased brain microvascular permeability and disruption of blood-brain barrier (BBB) function are among hallmarks of several acute neurodegenerative disorders, including stroke. Numerous studies suggest the involvement of bradykinin (BK), neurotensin (NT) and substance P (SP) in BBB impairment and oedema formation after stroke; however, there is paucity of data in regard to the direct effects of these peptides on the brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and BBB. The present study aimed to evaluate the direct effects of BK, NT and SP on the permeability of BBB in an in vitro model based on human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived BMECs. Our data indicate that all three peptides increase BBB permeability in a concentration-dependent manner in an in vitro model formed from two different iPSC lines (CTR90F and CTR65M) and widely used hCMEC/D3 human BMECs. The combination of BK, NT and SP at a sub-effective concentration also resulted in increased BBB permeability in the iPSC-derived model indicating potentiation of their action. Furthermore, we observed abrogation of BK, NT and SP effects with pretreatment of pharmacological blockers targeting their specific receptors. Additional mechanistic studies indicate that the short-term effects of these peptides are not mediated through alteration of tight-junction proteins claudin-5 and occludin, but likely involve redistribution of F-actin and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor. This is the first experimental study to document the increased permeability of the BBB in response to direct action of NT in an in vitro model. In addition, our study confirms the expected but not well-documented, direct effect of SP on BBB permeability and adds to the well-recognised actions of BK on BBB. Lastly, we demonstrate that peptidase neurolysin can neutralise the effects of these peptides on BBB, suggesting potential therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abraham J Al-Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, TTUHSC, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Iqra Pervaiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, TTUHSC, Amarillo, TX, USA
| | - Vardan T Karamyan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Center for Blood Brain Barrier Research, School of Pharmacy, TTUHSC, Amarillo, TX, USA
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Barić A, Dobrivojević Radmilović M. Microglia and bradykinin cross talk in poststroke cognitive impairment in diabetes. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C613-C618. [PMID: 33502951 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00402.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Stroke is one of the leading causes of mortality and the leading cause of long-term disability worldwide. Although cognitive impairment is a common consequence of stroke, the underlying pathophysiological processes that lead to it are still poorly understood. Recently, more studies have shown evidence of the involvement of diabetes in producing a chronic neuroinflammatory state, which ultimately alters the recovery of function and cognition after stroke. To better understand the impact of diabetes on poststroke recovery, here we highlight the recent insights on the role of diabetes in neuroinflammation, especially regarding its effect on microglial function, and the emerging data on the involvement of kinins in both diabetes and neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Barić
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marina Dobrivojević Radmilović
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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Ma G, Pan Z, Kong L, Du G. Neuroinflammation in hemorrhagic transformation after tissue plasminogen activator thrombolysis: Potential mechanisms, targets, therapeutic drugs and biomarkers. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107216. [PMID: 33296780 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a common and serious complication following ischemic stroke, especially after tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) thrombolysis, which is associated with increased mortality and disability. Due to the unknown mechanisms and targets of HT, there are no effective therapeutic drugs to decrease the incidence of HT. In recent years, many studies have found that neuroinflammation is closely related to the occurrence and development of HT after t-PA thrombolysis, including glial cell activation in the brain, peripheral inflammatory cell infiltration and the release of inflammatory factors, involving inflammation-related targets such as NF-κB, MAPK, HMGB1, TLR4 and NLRP3. Some drugs with anti-inflammatory activity have been shown to protect the BBB and reduce the risk of HT in preclinical experiments and clinical trials, including minocycline, fingolimod, tacrolimus, statins and some natural products. In addition, the changes in MMP-9, VAP-1, NLR, sICAM-1 and other inflammatory factors are closely related to the occurrence of HT, which may be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of HT. In this review, we summarize the potential inflammation-related mechanisms, targets, therapeutic drugs, and biomarkers associated with HT after t-PA thrombolysis and discuss the relationship between neuroinflammation and HT, which provides a reference for research on the mechanisms, prevention and treatment drugs, diagnosis and prognosis of HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zirong Pan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Linglei Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Centre for Pharmaceutical Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Early Electroacupuncture Extends the rtPA Time Window to 6 h in a Male Rat Model of Embolic Stroke via the ERK1/2-MMP9 Pathway. Neural Plast 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8851089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the only recommended pharmacological treatment for acute ischemic stroke, but it has a restricted therapeutic time window. When administered at time points greater than 4.5 h after stroke onset, rtPA disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which leads to serious brain edema and hemorrhagic transformation. Electroacupuncture (EA) exerts a neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia; however, researchers have not clearly determined whether EA increases the safety of thrombolysis and extends the therapeutic time window of rtPA administration following ischemic stroke. Objective. The present study was conducted to test the hypothesis that EA extends the therapeutic time window of rtPA for ischemic stroke in a male rat model of embolic stroke. Methods. SD rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group, model group, rtPA group, EA+rtPA group, and rtPA+MEK1/2 inhibitor group. An injection of rtPA was administered 6 h after ischemia. Rats were treated with EA at the Shuigou (GV26) and Neiguan (PC6) acupoints at 2 h after ischemia. Neurological function, infarct volume, BBB permeability, brain edema, and hemorrhagic transformation were assessed at 24 h after ischemia. Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect the levels of proteins involved in the ERK1/2 signaling pathway (MEK1/2 and ERK1/2), tight junction proteins (Claudin5 and ZO-1), and MMP9 in the ischemic penumbra at 24 h after stroke. Results. Delayed rtPA treatment aggravated hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema. However, treatment with EA plus rtPA significantly improved neurological function and reduced the infarct volume, hemorrhagic transformation, brain edema, and EB leakage in rats compared with rtPA alone. EA increased the levels of tight junction proteins, inhibited the activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and reduced MMP9 overexpression induced by delayed rtPA thrombolysis. Conclusions. EA potentially represents an effective adjunct method to increase the safety of thrombolytic therapy and extend the therapeutic time window of rtPA administration following ischemic stroke. This neuroprotective effect may be mediated by the inhibition of the ERK1/2-MMP9 pathway and alleviation of the destruction of the BBB.
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Yu SJ, Wu KJ, Wang YS, Song JS, Wu CH, Jan JJ, Bae E, Chen H, Shia KS, Wang Y. Protective Effect of CXCR4 Antagonist CX807 in a Rat Model of Hemorrhagic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197085. [PMID: 32992950 PMCID: PMC7582767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a major cause of stroke, with high mortality and morbidity. There is no effective pharmacological therapy for ICH. Previous studies have indicated that CXCR4 antagonists reduced microglia activation, attenuated infiltration of T cells, and improved functional recovery in ischemic stroke animals. The interaction of CXCR4 antagonists and ICH has not been characterized. The purpose of this study is to examine the neuroprotective action of a novel CXCR4 antagonist CX807 against ICH. In primary cortical neuronal and BV2 microglia co-culture, CX807 reduced glutamate-mediated neuronal loss and microglia activation. Adult rats were locally administered with collagenase VII to induce ICH. CX807 was given systemically after the ICH. Early post-treatment with CX807 improved locomotor activity in ICH rats. Brain tissues were collected for qRTPCR and histological staining. ICH upregulated the expression of CXCR4, CD8, TNFα, IL6, and TLR4. The immunoreactivity of IBA1 and CD8, as well as TUNEL labeling, were enhanced in the perilesioned area. CX807 significantly mitigated these responses. In conclusion, our data suggest that CX807 is neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory against ICH. CX807 may have clinical implications for the treatment of hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Jin Yu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (S.-J.Y.); (K.-J.W.); (Y.-S.W.); (E.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Kuo-Jen Wu
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (S.-J.Y.); (K.-J.W.); (Y.-S.W.); (E.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Yu-Syuan Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (S.-J.Y.); (K.-J.W.); (Y.-S.W.); (E.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Jen-Shin Song
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (J.-S.S.); (C.-H.W.); (J.-J.J.); (K.-S.S.)
| | - Chien-Huang Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (J.-S.S.); (C.-H.W.); (J.-J.J.); (K.-S.S.)
| | - Jiing-Jyh Jan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (J.-S.S.); (C.-H.W.); (J.-J.J.); (K.-S.S.)
| | - Eunkyung Bae
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (S.-J.Y.); (K.-J.W.); (Y.-S.W.); (E.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Hsi Chen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (S.-J.Y.); (K.-J.W.); (Y.-S.W.); (E.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Kak-Shan Shia
- Institute of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (J.-S.S.); (C.-H.W.); (J.-J.J.); (K.-S.S.)
| | - Yun Wang
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan 35053, Taiwan; (S.-J.Y.); (K.-J.W.); (Y.-S.W.); (E.B.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhou Y, Shao A, Yao Y, Tu S, Deng Y, Zhang J. Dual roles of astrocytes in plasticity and reconstruction after traumatic brain injury. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:62. [PMID: 32293472 PMCID: PMC7158016 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00549-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of fatality and disability worldwide. Despite its high prevalence, effective treatment strategies for TBI are limited. Traumatic brain injury induces structural and functional alterations of astrocytes, the most abundant cell type in the brain. As a way of coping with the trauma, astrocytes respond in diverse mechanisms that result in reactive astrogliosis. Astrocytes are involved in the physiopathologic mechanisms of TBI in an extensive and sophisticated manner. Notably, astrocytes have dual roles in TBI, and some astrocyte-derived factors have double and opposite properties. Thus, the suppression or promotion of reactive astrogliosis does not have a substantial curative effect. In contrast, selective stimulation of the beneficial astrocyte-derived molecules and simultaneous attenuation of the deleterious factors based on the spatiotemporal-environment can provide a promising astrocyte-targeting therapeutic strategy. In the current review, we describe for the first time the specific dual roles of astrocytes in neuronal plasticity and reconstruction, including neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, angiogenesis, repair of the blood-brain barrier, and glial scar formation after TBI. We have also classified astrocyte-derived factors depending on their neuroprotective and neurotoxic roles to design more appropriate targeted therapies. Video Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Province, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yihan Yao
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Tu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongchuan Deng
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 88, Jiefang Road, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Province, Zhejiang, 310009, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Li Y, Zhu ZY, Lu BW, Huang TT, Zhang YM, Zhou NY, Xuan W, Chen ZA, Wen DX, Yu WF, Li PY. Rosiglitazone ameliorates tissue plasminogen activator-induced brain hemorrhage after stroke. CNS Neurosci Ther 2019; 25:1343-1352. [PMID: 31756041 PMCID: PMC6887660 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Delayed thrombolytic therapy with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) may exacerbate blood‐brain barrier (BBB) breakdown after ischemic stroke and lead to catastrophic hemorrhagic transformation (HT). Rosiglitazone(RSG), a widely used antidiabetic drug that activates peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ (PPAR‐γ), has been shown to protect against cerebral ischemia through promoting poststroke microglial polarization toward the beneficial anti‐inflammatory phenotype. However, whether RSG can alleviate HT after delayed tPA treatment remains unknown. In this study, we sort to examine the role of RSG on tPA‐induced HT after stroke. Methods and results We used the murine suture middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models of stroke followed by delayed administration of tPA (10 mg/kg, 2 hours after suture occlusion) to investigate the therapeutic potential of RSG against tPA‐induced HT. When RSG(6 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally administered 1 hour before MCAO in tPA‐treated MCAO mice, HT in the ischemic territory was significantly attenuated 1 day after stroke. In the tPA‐treated MCAO mice, we found RSG significantly mitigated BBB disruption and hemorrhage development compared to tPA‐alone‐treated stroke mice. Using flow cytometry and immunostaining, we confirmed that the expression of CD206 was significantly upregulated while the expression of iNOS was down‐regulated in microglia of the RSG‐treated mice. We further found that the expression of Arg‐1 was also upregulated in those tPA and RSG‐treated stroke mice and the protection against tPA‐induced HT and BBB disruption in these mice were abolished in the presence of PPAR‐γ antagonist GW9662 (4 mg/kg, 1 hour before dMCAO through intraperitoneal injection). Conclusions RSG treatment protects against BBB damage and ameliorates HT in delayed tPA‐treated stroke mice by activating PPAR‐γ and favoring microglial polarization toward anti‐inflammatory phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing-Wei Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting-Ting Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue-Man Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na-Ying Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zeng-Ai Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Da-Xiang Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Feng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pei-Ying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zuo X, Lu J, Manaenko A, Qi X, Tang J, Mei Q, Xia Y, Hu Q. MicroRNA-132 attenuates cerebral injury by protecting blood-brain-barrier in MCAO mice. Exp Neurol 2019; 316:12-19. [PMID: 30930097 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely reported to induce posttranscriptional gene silencing and led to an explosion of new strategies for the treatment of human disease. It has been reported that the expression of MicroRNA-132 (miR-132) are altered both in the blood and brain after stroke. However, the effect of miR-132 on blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption in ischemia stroke has not been studied. Here we will investigate the effects of miR-132 on the permeability of BBB after ischemic stroke and explore the potential mechanism underlying observed protection. Eight week-old mice were injected intracerebroventricularly with miR-132, antagomir-132 or agomir negative control (agomir-NC) 2 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by animal behavior tests and infraction volume measurement at 24 h after MCAO. BBB permeability and integrity were measured by Evan's blue extravasation and brain water content. The expression of tight junction proteins was detected by immnostaining and Western blots. The level of MiR-132 and its targeted gene Mmp9 were assayed. Treatment with exogenous MiR-132 (agomir-132) decreased the infraction volume, reduced brain edema, and improved neurological functions compared to control mice. Agomir-132 increased the level of MiR-132 in brain tissue, suppressed the expression of MMP-9 mRNA and decreased the degradation of tight junction proteins VE-cadherin and β-Catenin in ischemic stroke mice. Inhibition of MMP-9 has a similar protective effect to agomir-132 on infraction volume, brain edema, and tight-junction protein expression after MCAO. Our results indicated that miR-132/MMP-9 axis might be a novel therapeutic target for BBB protection in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokun Zuo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Haikou, China; Discipline of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfei Lu
- Discipline of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anatol Manaenko
- Departments of Neurology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Xin Qi
- Discipline of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiping Tang
- Department of Physiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Qiyong Mei
- Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ying Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Haikou Hospital, Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Haikou, China.
| | - Qin Hu
- Discipline of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Chen H, Chen X, Luo Y, Shen J. Potential molecular targets of peroxynitrite in mediating blood–brain barrier damage and haemorrhagic transformation in acute ischaemic stroke with delayed tissue plasminogen activator treatment. Free Radic Res 2018; 52:1220-1239. [PMID: 30468092 DOI: 10.1080/10715762.2018.1521519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hansen Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, PR China
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Core Facility, the People’s Hospital of Bao-an Shenzhen, Shenzhen, PR China
- The 8th People’s Hospital of Shenzhen, the Affiliated Bao-an Hospital of Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, PR China
| | - Yunhao Luo
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, PR China
| | - Jiangang Shen
- School of Chinese Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, PR China
- Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation (HKU-SIRI), University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, PR China
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15
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McBride DW, Gren ECK, Kelln W, Hayes WK, Zhang JH. Crotalus atrox disintegrin reduces hemorrhagic transformation by attenuating matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity after middle cerebral artery occlusion in hyperglycemic male rats. J Neurosci Res 2018; 98:191-200. [PMID: 30242872 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke is an independent predictor for poor outcome and is characterized by blood vessel rupture leading to brain edema. To date, no therapies for preventing hemorrhagic transformation exist. Disintegrins from the venom of Crotalus atrox have targets within the coagulation cascade, including receptors on platelets. We hypothesized that disintegrins from C. atrox venom can attenuate hemorrhagic transformation by preventing activation of matrix metalloproteinase after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in hyperglycemic rats. We subjected 48 male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 240-260 g to MCAO and hyperglycemia to induce hemorrhagic transformation of the infarction. At reperfusion, we administered either saline (vehicle), whole C. atrox venom (two doses were used), or fractionated C. atrox venom (HPLC Fraction 2). Rats were euthanized 24 hr post-ictus for measurement of infarction and hemoglobin volume. Reversed-phase HPLC was performed to fractionate the whole venom and peaks were combined to form Fraction 2, which contained the disintegrin Crotatroxin. Fraction 2 protected against hemorrhagic transformation after MCAO, and attenuated activation of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Administering matrix metalloproteinase antagonists prevented the protection by Fraction 2. The results of this study indicate that disintegrins found in C. atrox venom may have therapeutic potential for reducing hemorrhagic transformation after ischemic stroke. Moreover, the RP-HPLC fractions retained sufficient protein activity to suggest that gentler and less efficient orthogonal chromatographic methods may be unnecessary to isolate proteins and explore their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin W McBride
- The Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.,Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Eric C K Gren
- Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - Wayne Kelln
- Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - William K Hayes
- Department of Earth and Biological Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California.,Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, California
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16
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Gauberti M, Potzeha F, Vivien D, Martinez de Lizarrondo S. Impact of Bradykinin Generation During Thrombolysis in Ischemic Stroke. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:195. [PMID: 30018956 PMCID: PMC6037726 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Current medical management in the acute phase is based on the activation of the fibrinolytic cascade by intravenous injection of a plasminogen activator (such as tissue-type plasminogen activator, tPA) that promotes restauration of the cerebral blood flow and improves stroke outcome. Unfortunately, the use of tPA is associated with deleterious effects such as hemorrhagic transformation, symptomatic brain edema, and angioedema, which limit the efficacy of this therapeutic strategy. Preclinical and clinical evidence suggests that intravenous thrombolysis generates large amounts of bradykinin, a peptide with potent pro-inflammatory, and pro-edematous effects. This tPA-triggered generation of bradykinin could participate in the deleterious effects of thrombolysis and is a potential target to improve neurological outcome in tPA-treated patients. The present review aims at summarizing current evidence linking thrombolysis, bradykinin generation, and neurovascular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Gauberti
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S U1237, "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" PhIND, Caen, France.,Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen Côte de Nacre, Caen, France
| | - Fanny Potzeha
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S U1237, "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" PhIND, Caen, France
| | - Denis Vivien
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S U1237, "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" PhIND, Caen, France.,Department of Clinical Research, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen, Caen, France
| | - Sara Martinez de Lizarrondo
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale UMR-S U1237, "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders" PhIND, Caen, France
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