Back from the deaf: integrative taxonomy revalidates an earless and mute species, Hylodes grandoculis van Lidth de Jeude, 1904, and confirms a new species of Pristimantis Jiménez de la Espada, 1870 (Anura: Strabomantidae) from the Eastern Guiana Shield

Two new species of Allobates of the trilineatus clade (Anura: Aromobatidae) from the Eastern Guiana Shield

The actual diversity of anurans occurring in Amazonia remains only partly described. This is notably the case of the species of the genus Allobates despite a fast rate of species description in this genus during the last decade. This increasing taxonomic effort has been particularly facilitated by the availability of DNA sequences throughout the region. These data suggest for instance the existence of three lineages in the Guiana Shield that may correspond to unnamed species. We examined morphology and calls of these putative species and compared them to related nominal species, which confirmed that two of these lineages not only differ genetically but also morphologically and bioacoustically. These two species are thus named and described herein. Allobates vicinus sp. nov. from northern Suriname forms a clade with another candidate species from southern Suriname and Northern Pará, (Brazil) and with A. granti that occurs in French Guiana. Allobates ripicolus sp. nov. occurs throughout the eastern Guiana Shield and is nested within the A. tapajos complex which otherwise occurs in southeastern Amazonia and comprises A. tapajos and A. kamilae, along with three additional candidate species.

A new species of rain frog (Anura: Strabomantidae: Pristimantis) from the Guiana Shield and amended diagnosis of P. ockendeni (Boulenger, 1912)

Pristimantis is already the most speciose genus among vertebrates, yet the current number of species remains largely underestimated. A member of the P. unistrigatus species group from the Guiana Shield has been historically misidentified as P. ockendeni, a species described from southern Peru. We combined mitochondrial (16S and COI) and nuclear (RAG1) loci, external morphology, skull osteology (μ-CT scan), vocalization (advertisement and courtship calls), geographic distribution and natural history data to differentiate the Guiana Shield populations from P. ockendeni, and describe them as a new species. The new species is crepuscular and nocturnal and inhabits the understory of unflooded (terra firme) forests in Brazil, Guyana and Suriname. It is phylogenetically related to P. arda­lonychus, P. martiae and undescribed species from Brazilian Amazonia. The new species notably differs from P. ockendeni and its congeners in the P. unistrigatus species group occurring in the Guiana Shield by the combination of the following characters: absence of dentigerous processes of vomers, presence of vocal slits in males, body size (SVL 16.2–20.7 mm in males and 21.4–25.7 mm in females), advertisement call (call with 4–6 notes, call duration of 158–371 ms and dominant frequency of 3,466–4,521 Hz) and translucent groin coloration in life. To facilitate the recognition and description of cryptic species previously hidden under the name P. ockendeni, we provide an amended diagnosis of this taxon based on external morphology and advertisement call of specimens recently collected nearby the type locality and additional localities in southwestern Amazonia.