Cattaneo–Christov-based study of SWCNT–MWCNT/EG Casson hybrid nanofluid flow past a lubricated surface with entropy generation

Innovative thermal management in the presence of ferromagnetic hybrid nanoparticles

In the present work, a simple intelligence-based computation of artificial neural networks with the Levenberg-Marquardt backpropagation algorithm is developed to analyze the new ferromagnetic hybrid nanofluid flow model in the presence of a magnetic dipole within the context of flow over a stretching sheet. A combination of cobalt and iron (III) oxide (Co-Fe2O3) is strategically selected as ferromagnetic hybrid nanoparticles within the base fluid, water. The initial representation of the developed ferromagnetic hybrid nanofluid flow model, which is a system of highly nonlinear partial differential equations, is transformed into a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations. The reference data set of the possible outcomes is obtained from bvp4c for varying the parameters of the ferromagnetic hybrid nanofluid flow model. The estimated solutions of the proposed model are described during the testing, training, and validation phases of the backpropagated neural network. The performance evaluation and comparative study of the algorithm are carried out by regression analysis, error histograms, function fitting graphs, and mean squared error results. The findings of our study analyze the increasing effect of the ferrohydrodynamic interaction parameter β to enhance the temperature and velocity profiles, while increasing the thermal relaxation parameter α decreases the temperature profile. The performance on MSE was shown for the temperature and velocity profiles of the developed model about 9.1703e-10, 7.1313ee-10, 3.1462e-10, and 4.8747e-10. The accuracy of the artificial neural networks with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm method is confirmed through various analyses and comparative results with the reference data. The purpose of this study is to enhance understanding of ferromagnetic hybrid nanofluid flow models using artificial neural networks with the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm, offering precise analysis of key parameter effects on temperature and velocity profiles. Future studies will provide novel soft computing methods that leverage artificial neural networks to effectively solve problems in fluid mechanics and expand to engineering applications, improving their usefulness in tackling real-world problems.

Magnetohydrodynamics Boundary Layer Flow Past a Wedge of Casson CuO-TiO2/EG Embedded in Non-Darcian Porous Media: Viscous Dissipation Effects

The movement physiognomies and heat transmission of viscous dissipative Casson hybrid nanoliquid (cupric oxide CuO titania TiO2/ethylene glycol EG) and nanoliquid (titania TiO2/ethylene glycol EG) MHD flow via a wedge saturated with non-Darcy porous medium and forced convection were the focus of this inquiry. The major partial differential equalities beside with the limit conditions were condensed to dimensionless forms by spending proper similarity transformation. The follow-on system of ODEs by the matching limit conditions was elucidated numerically by way of MATLAB, bvp4c solver. The research ramifications for basic TiO2/EG and hybrid CuO–TiO2/EG nanoliquids were presented and explained in detail. The greater upsides of the Casson parameter, magnetic parameter, first and second order porous resistance parameters, the velocity increases and the temperature profile decreases. Furthermore, the thermal field strengthens porosity and Eckert number. It was also found that the Nusselt number is an enhancing function of Casson parameter wheras, greater values of magnetic parameter and porosity parameter lessen the Nusselt number.

Heat and mass flux through a Reiner-Rivlin nanofluid flow past a spinning stretching disc: Cattaneo-Christov model

The current work scrutinizes a non-Newtonian nanofluid free convective flow induced by a rotating stretchable disc. The examination surveys the Stefan blowing and Cattaneo-Christov mass and heat fluxes, as a precise illustrative model. The innovative aspects of the ongoing project include the analysis of the border sheet nanofluid flow near a revolving disc through thermophoresis, Reiner-Rivlin prototype features, and random nanoparticle motion. The Reiner-Rivlin non-Newtonian model is considered together with the effect of an unvarying axial magnetic strength. The constitutive formulae of a Reiner-Rivlin liquid have been reproduced in the cylindrical coordinates. Through implementing the applicable relationship transformations, the controlling partial differential equations are transferred to ordinary differential equations (ODE). This procedure yields a group of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations in relation to speed, heat, and nanoparticle concentration profiles that are impacted by several physical characteristics. These equations are analyzed by using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM). Due to the analytical solution given by HPM, the current work enables us to take the infinity of the layer as a parameter of the problem and discuss its variation in the obtained distributions. Consequently, a physical significant graphical visualization of the data is emphasized. The rates of mass and temperature transmission are examined to understand if any of the relevant parameters may improve these rates. Additionally, the Stefan blowing causes extra particles diffusion, which enhances heat transfer and raises the nanoparticles concentration and could be useful in some medical therapies. Furthermore, the stretching of the rotating disc is concluded, which improves the fluid heat transfer.

Entropy Generation and Statistical Analysis of MHD Hybrid Nanofluid Unsteady Squeezing Flow between Two Parallel Rotating Plates with Activation Energy

Squeezing flow is a flow where the material is squeezed out or disfigured within two parallel plates. Such flow is beneficial in various fields, for instance, in welding engineering and rheometry. The current study investigates the squeezing flow of a hybrid nanofluid (propylene glycol–water mixture combined with paraffin wax–sand) between two parallel plates with activation energy and entropy generation. The governing equations are converted into ordinary differential equations using appropriate similarity transformations. The shooting strategy (combined with Runge–Kutta fourth order method) is applied to solve these transformed equations. The results of the conducted parametric study are explained and revealed in graphs. This study uses a statistical tool (correlation coefficient) to illustrate the impact of the relevant parameters on the engineering parameters of interest, such as the surface friction factor at both plates. This study concludes that the squeezing number intensifies the velocity profiles, and the rotating parameter decreases the fluid velocity. In addition, the magnetic field, rotation parameter, and nanoparticle volumetric parameter have a strong negative relationship with the friction factor at the lower plate. Furthermore, heat source has a strong negative relationship with heat transfer rate near the lower plate, and a strong positive correlation with the same phenomena near the upper plate. In conclusion, the current study reveals that the entropy generation is increased with the Brinkman number and reduced with the squeezing parameter. Moreover, the results of the current study verify and show a decent agreement with the data from earlier published research outcomes.

Studying Massive Suction Impact on Magneto-Flow of a Hybridized Casson Nanofluid on a Porous Continuous Moving or Fixed Surface

Non-Newtonian nanofluids flow due to the augmented thermal performances of nanoparticles, and their importance in various sectors plays a vital role in medicine, cosmetics, manufacturing, and engineering processes. In this regard, the present theoretical investigation explores the magneto-flow of Casson hybrid nanofluid through a continuous moving/fixed surface with significant suction. The nature of spherical copper and alumina dispersed in water was assessed as the conventional heat transfer in Casson fluid with impacts of viscous dissipation and Ohmic heating. Two states are addressed regarding symmetry, one corresponding to a surface moving in parallel with a free stream and the other a surface moving in the opposite direction to the free stream. In the momentum equation, the Casson model with magnetic field effect is exploited. The governing equations are transformed into the necessary equations using transformations invoking symmetric property of the independent variables. The numerical outputs of the nonlinear governing equations are collected using an efficient improved shooting method with fast convergence and low computational cost. Graphical demonstrations of the influence of relevant parameters on symmetrical behavior for velocity, skin friction, Nusselt number, and temperature are shown.

Entropy generation and induced magnetic field in pseudoplastic nanofluid flow near a stagnant point

In this present article the entropy generation, induced magnetic field, and mixed convection stagnant point flow of pseudoplastic nano liquid over an elastic surface is investigated. The Buongiorno model is employed in modeling. Through the use of the boundary layer idea, flow equations are transformed from compact to component form. The system of equations is solved numerically. The Induced magnetic spectrum falls near the boundary and grows further away as the reciprocal of the magnetic Prandtl number improves. The fluctuation of induced magnetic rises while expanding the values of mixed convection, thermophoresis, and magnetic parameters, whereas it declines for increment in the Brownian and stretching parameters. The velocity amplitude ascends and temperature descends for the rise in magnetic parameter. The mass transfer patterns degrade for the higher amount of buoyancy ratio while it boosts by the magnification of mixed convection and stretching parameters. Streamlines behavior is also taken into account against the different amounts of mixed convection and magnetic parameters. The pseudoplastic nanofluids are applicable in all electronic devices for increasing the heating or cooling rate in them. Further, pseudoplastic nanofluids are also applicable in reducing skin friction coefficient.

Analysis of Heat and Mass Transfer Features of Hybrid Casson Nanofluid Flow with the Magnetic Dipole Past a Stretched Cylinder

The main purpose of this research is to scrutinize the heat and mass transfer in the Casson hybrid nanofluid flow over an extending cylinder in the presence of a magnetic dipole and double stratification. The nanofluid contained chemically reactive hybrid nanoparticles (Ag, MgO) in the conventional fluids (water). The effects of viscous dissipation, radiation, and concentration stratification were taken into consideration. In the presence of gyrotactic microorganisms and the Non-Ficks Model, the flow was induced. Incorporating microorganisms into a hybrid nanofluid flow is thought to help stabilize the dispersed nanoparticles. For viscosity and thermal conductivity, experimental relations with related dependence on nanoparticle concentration were used. To acquire the nonlinear model from the boundary layer set of equations, suitable similarity transformations were employed. The built-in function bvp4c of Matlab software was utilized to solve the transformed equation numerically. The graphical results were obtained for temperature, velocity, concentration, and microorganism distribution for various parameters. The numerical amounts of drag friction, heat transport rate, and motile density number for different parameters are presented through tables. It is seen that the fluid velocity is augmented by the increase of the curvature parameter, while a decrease occurs in the fluid velocity with an increase in the magnetic and slips parameters. The comparison of the present study with previously available studies is discussed, which shows a good agreement with published results.

Mathematical Analysis of Thermal Energy Distribution in a Hybridized Mixed Convective Flow

The mixed convective flow of hybrid nanofluid (SWCNT-MWCNT/EG) containing micropolar fluid past a Riga surface embedded in porous medium is explored in detail throughout this study. In the momentum equation, the Darcy Forchheimer effect is used. The heat transfer phenomenon is exploited with viscous dissipation and thermal stratification over a non-Fourier heat flux model. PDEs are transformed into the necessary governing equations using transformations. The numerical results of non-linear governing equations are collected using Matlab function bvp4c. Graphical representations of the effects of relevant parameters on velocity, skin friction, and temperature are shown. The comparison of simple nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid is discussed in graphs. The temperature field is higher for hybrid nanofluid than simple nanofluid when solid volume fraction enhances. With increasing solid volume fraction, porosity parameter, and mixed convection parameter, the axial friction factor rises. The momentum boundary layer is inversely proportional to the slip parameter, Hartman number, variable viscosity and the porosity parameter.