Enhancement of soot combustion in diesel particulate filters by ceria nanofiber coating

Ceria-based electrospun nanofibers and their widespread applications: A review

Electrospinning is a highly efficient technique for producing nanofibers, and it is noted for its cost-effectiveness, versatility, and user-friendly nature. The article evaluates the production of Ceria-based nanofibers primarily utilizing electrospinning technology and electrospinning parameters and explores their various potential applications. Ceria infused with lanthanoids and transition metals demonstrates significant potential as catalysts, optical sensors, and supercapacitors in various energy-related industrial applications. Their role as catalysts in water-gas and reverse water-gas shift reactions greatly enhances the water-splitting reaction in the Deacon process. Composite ceria nanofibers for wound therapy were developed by integrating polyurethane, cellulose acetate, and zein for biological applications. Soot-induced blockages in automobile filters pose challenges for the regeneration process of diesel particle filters, and the effectiveness of ceria-based nanofibers in soot and CO oxidation has been explored. Ce-based nanofibers produced via the electrospinning technique, with different operating parameters, exhibit notable variations in their morphology. Research indicates that, compared to traditional ceria, Ce-based nanofibers demonstrate greater surface area and porosity, a higher density of oxygen vacancies, and improved oxygen transfer efficiency, all essential for numerous redox and catalytic processes. The nanofibrous structure enhances electrical conductivity by expanding the surface area accessible for interaction with active components. The nanofibrous composite structure exhibits enhanced thermal and mechanical durability, making it appealing for numerous applications.

Ceria nanorods as highly stable free radical scavengers for highly durable proton exchange membranes

Chemically durable proton exchange membranes containing free radical scavengers have technically matured in recent years, and commercial products have come into the market. The most general type of free radical scavenger is ceria, which has been proven in many studies. However, the migration of cerium is inevitable in raw ceria particles, and the migrated cerium species can aggregate in catalyst layers, causing performance loss of fuel cells. In this work, the morphology of ceria was changed from conventional nanoparticles to nanorods, and the migration of cerium was mitigated significantly. Both ex situ Fenton's degradation tests and in situ fuel cell accelerated degradation tests (ADTs) indicated that ceria nanorods have free radical scavenging properties comparable to those of ceria nanoparticles. Moreover, the immobilization of ceria particles and antidissolving properties have been verified by Fenton's degradation tests, electric field tests and fuel cell ADTs.

Morphology regulation induced high stability of ceria in proton exchange membrane.