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Karimi Darvanjooghi MH, Magdouli S, Brar SK. Recent challenges in biological cyanidation and oxidation of sulfide-based refractory gold ore. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:67. [PMID: 38197973 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03887-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
In mining industries, biomining (comprising biooxidation and bioleaching) is implemented to extract metals from specific ores and waste streams with less environmental effect and expense. Usually, micron-sized gold particles are held in a crystal lattice of iron sulfide minerals and expensively extracted using common approaches. Researchers and industries are interested in developing recent technology and biologically sustainable methods in both pretreatment and further extraction steps for extracting this valuable metal from ores. Diverse studies in biooxidation, as a conventional pretreatment, and biocyanidation, as a new proposed biotechnological method in the downstream gold extraction step, have addressed scientific and technological issues in the extraction of this metal. These two methods have become economically practical by merging high-throughput microbiological data, extraction and recovery process knowledge, and theory validation. However, there is still a gap in the implementation of both the pretreatment method and extraction method due to the consistency and their compatibility with operational recovery conditions. This review brings out the recent biooxidation and biocyanidation improvements, innovation, industry and academic research, and obstacles to gold extraction with a brief explanation to address the recent developments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Magdouli
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Satinder Kaur Brar
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lassonde School of Engineering, York University, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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Naseri T, Beiki V, Mousavi SM, Farnaud S. A comprehensive review of bioleaching optimization by statistical approaches: recycling mechanisms, factors affecting, challenges, and sustainability. RSC Adv 2023; 13:23570-23589. [PMID: 37555097 PMCID: PMC10404936 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra03498d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A serious environmental problem is associated with the accumulation of solid waste on the Earth. Researchers are encouraged to find an efficient and sustainable method to recover highly profitable heavy metals and precious and base metals. Bioleaching is a green method of recovering valuable metals from solid waste. Optimizing the variables and conditions of the bioleaching process is crucial to achieving maximum metal recovery most cost-effectively. The conventional optimization method (one factor at a time) is well-studied. However, it has some drawbacks, such as the necessity of more experiments, the need to spend more time, and the inability to illuminate the synergistic effect of the variables. Optimization studies are increasingly utilizing response surface methodology (RSM) because it provides details about the interaction effects of variables with fewer experiments. This review discusses the application of RSM for bioleaching experiments from other solid wastes. It discusses the Central Composite and Box-Behnken designs as the most commonly used designs for optimizing bioleaching methods. The most influential factors for increasing the heavy metal recovery rate in applying RSM using the bioleaching process are recognized, and some suggestions are made for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tannaz Naseri
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran +98-21-82884931 +98-21-82884917
| | - Vahid Beiki
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran +98-21-82884931 +98-21-82884917
| | - Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi
- Biotechnology Group, Chemical Engineering Department, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran +98-21-82884931 +98-21-82884917
- Modares Environmental Research Institute, Tarbiat Modares University Tehran Iran
| | - Sebastien Farnaud
- CSELS, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Coventry University Coventry UK
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Thakur P, Kumar S. Exploring bioleaching potential of indigenous Bacillus sporothermodurans ISO1 for metals recovery from PCBs through sequential leaching process. WASTE MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOLID WASTES AND PUBLIC CLEANSING ASSOCIATION, ISWA 2023; 41:1255-1266. [PMID: 37293749 DOI: 10.1177/0734242x231155102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The low efficiency and selectivity limitations of biohydrometallurgy technique compel the researchers to explore novel microbial strains acclimated to metal existence site with higher toxicity tolerance and bioleaching capability in order to improve the role of bioleaching process for e-waste management. The current study aimed to explore bioleaching potential of indigenous Bacillus sporothermodurans ISO1; isolated from metal habituated site. The statistical approach was utilized to optimize a variety of culture variables including temperature, pH, glycine concentration and pulp density that impact bio-cyanide production and leaching efficiency. The highest dissolution of Cu and Ag, 78% and 37% respectively, was obtained at 40 °C, pH 8, glycine concentration 5 g L-1, and pulp density 10 g L-1 through One Factor at a Time (OFAT), which was further increased up to 95% Cu and 44% Ag recovery through the interactive effect of key factors in the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) approach. Furthermore, Chemo-biohydrometallurgy approach was utilized to overwhelm the specificity limitation; as higher concentration of Cu in computer printed circuit boards (CPCBs) causes interference to recover other metals. The sequential leaching through ferric chloride (FeCl3), recovered Cu prior to bio-cyanidation by B. sporothermodurans ISO1 and resulted in the improved leaching of Ag (57%), Au (67%), Pt (60%), etc. The current work reports on B. sporothermodurans ISO1, a new Bacillus strain that exhibits highest toxicity tolerance (EC50 = 425 g L-1) than earlier reported stains and has higher leaching potential that can be implemented to large-scale biometallurgical process for e-waste treatment to achieve the agenda of sustainable development goal (SDG) under the strategies of urban mining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sudhir Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Dutta D, Rautela R, Gujjala LKS, Kundu D, Sharma P, Tembhare M, Kumar S. A review on recovery processes of metals from E-waste: A green perspective. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160391. [PMID: 36423849 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
E-waste management has become a global concern because of the enormous rise in the rate of end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment's (EEEs). Disposal of waste EEE directly into the environment leads to adverse effects on the environment as well as on human health. For the management of E-waste, numerous studies have been carried out for extracting metals (base, precious, and rare earth) following pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and biometallurgy. Irrespective of the advantages of these processes, certain limitations still exist with each of these options in terms of their adoption as treatment techniques. Several journal publications regarding the different processes have been made which aids in future research in the field of E-waste management. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the various metal recovery processes (pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy, and biometallurgy) from E-waste, along with their advantages and limitations. A bibliometric study based on the published articles using different keywords in Scopus has been provided for a complete idea about E-waste with green technology perspective like bioleaching, biosorption, etc. The present study also focussed on the circular economic approach towards sustainable E-waste management along with its socio-economic aspects and the economic growth of the country. The present study would provide valuable knowledge in understanding E-waste and its different treatment processes to the students, researchers, industrialists, and policymakers of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deblina Dutta
- Department of Environmental Science, SRM University- AP, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522 240
| | - Rahul Rautela
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Lohit Kumar Srinivas Gujjala
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Debajyoti Kundu
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pooja Sharma
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Mamta Tembhare
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, Maharashtra, India.
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García-Balboa C, Martínez-Alesón García P, López-Rodas V, Costas E, Baselga-Cervera B. Microbial biominers: Sequential bioleaching and biouptake of metals from electronic scraps. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1265. [PMID: 35212477 PMCID: PMC8861593 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Electronic scraps (e-scraps) represent an attractive raw material to mine demanded metals, as well as rare earth elements (REEs). A sequential microbial-mediated process developed in two steps was examined to recover multiple elements. First, we made use of an acidophilic bacteria consortium, mainly composed of Acidiphilium multivorum and Leptospidillum ferriphilum, isolated from acid mine drainages. The consortium was inoculated in a dissolution of e-scraps powder and cultured for 15 days. Forty-five elements were analyzed in the liquid phase over time, including silver, gold, and 15 REEs. The bioleaching efficiencies of the consortium were >99% for Cu, Co, Al, and Zn, 53% for Cd, and around 10% for Cr and Li on Day 7. The second step consisted of a microalgae-mediated uptake from e-scraps leachate. The strains used were two acidophilic extremotolerant microalgae, Euglena sp. (EugVP) and Chlamydomonas sp. (ChlSG) strains, isolated from the same extreme environment. Up to 7.3, 4.1, 1.3, and 0.7 µg by wet biomass (WB) of Zn, Al, Cu, and Mn, respectively, were uptaken by ChlSG biomass in 12 days, presenting higher efficiency than EugVP. Concerning REEs, ChlSG biouptake 14.9, 20.3, 13.7, 8.3 ng of Gd, Pr, Ce, La per WB. Meanwhile, EugVP captured 1.1, 1.5, 1.4, and 7.5, respectively. This paper shows the potential of a microbial sequential process to revalorize e-scraps and recover metals and REEs, harnessing extremotolerant microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camino García-Balboa
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Victoria López-Rodas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eduardo Costas
- Animal Science (Genetics), School of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Baselga-Cervera
- Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.,Minnesota Center for Philosophy of Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Bioleaching of metals from waste printed circuit boards using bacterial isolates native to abandoned gold mine. Biometals 2021; 34:1043-1058. [PMID: 34213670 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00326-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, native bacterial strains isolated from abandoned gold mine and Chromobacterium violaceum (MTCC-2656) were applied for bioleaching of metals from waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs). Toxicity assessment and dose-response analysis of WPCBs showed EC50 values of 128.9, 98.7, and 90.8 g/L for Bacillus sp. SAG3, Bacillus megaterium SAG1 and Lysinibacillus sphaericus SAG2, respectively, whereas, for C. violaceum EC50 was 83.70 g/L. This indicates the viable operation range and technological feasibility of metals bioleaching from WPCBs using mine isolates. The influencing factors such as pH, pulp density, temperature, and precursor molecule (glycine) were optimized by one-factor at a time method (OFAT). The maximum metal recovery occurred at an initial pH of 9.0, a pulp density of 10 g/L, a temperature of 30 °C and a glycine concentration of 5 g/L, except for L. sphaericus which showed optimum activity at initial pH of 8.0. Under optimal conditions the metals recovery of Cu and Au from WPCBs were recorded as 87.5 ± 8% and 73.6 ± 3% for C. violaceum and 72.7 ± 5% and 66.6 ± 6% for B. megaterium, respectively. Kinetic modeling results showed that the data was best described by first order reaction kinetics, where the rate of metal solubilization from WPCBs depended upon microbial lixiviant production. This is the first report on bioleaching of metals from e-waste using bacterial isolates from the gold mine of Solan, HP. Our study demonstrated the potential of bioleaching for resource recovery from WPCBs dust, aimed to be disposed at landfills, and its effectiveness in extraction of elements those are at high supply risk and demand.
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Biohydrometallurgical processes for the recovery of precious and base metals from waste electrical and electronic equipments: Current trends and perspectives. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biteb.2020.100526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Microorganisms and Plants in the Recovery of Metals from the Printed Circuit Boards of Computers and Cell Phones: A Mini Review. METALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/met10091120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Most electrical and electronic equipment contain a printed circuit board (PCB), which is the board on which microelectronic components are mounted. The PCBs of obsolete and discarded electrical and electronic equipment are a material of great value due to their high metal content that is of commercial importance (i.e., Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ir, Ti, Ge, Si, Al, Cu, Ni, Zn, Fe, Sn, As, and Pb). Hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical methods have been used to extract metals from PCBs; however, these methods have energy and environmental disadvantages, which is why in recent years sustainable alternatives have been sought. Among these alternatives are the biological methods that contemplate the use of microorganisms and plants to recover metals from PCBs. In this review, only studies specifying the use of bacteria, fungi, and plants in the recovery of metals from the PCBs of computers and cell phones were considered, since the metallic composition of these plates varies according to the electronic equipment. In addition, the challenges and recommendations for these biotechnological processes to be improved and implemented at the industrial level in the coming years are discussed.
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Annamalai M, Gurumurthy K. Neural network prediction of bioleaching of metals from waste computer printed circuit boards using Levenberg‐Marquardt algorithm. Comput Intell 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/coin.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Annamalai
- School of Biosciences and Technology Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India
| | - Kalaichelvan Gurumurthy
- School of Agricultural Innovations and Advanced Learning Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore India
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Chao L, Wang H, Wei X, Li J, Ji C, Qi X. Design of SiO2-TiO2-P(AM-DMC) cationic composite flocculant and optimization of the flocculation process using response surface methodology. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2020.1728301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chao
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory for Dielectric and Electrolyte Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
- Academy of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Haiwang Wang
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory for Dielectric and Electrolyte Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
- Academy of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Xinfang Wei
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory for Dielectric and Electrolyte Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
- Academy of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Li
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory for Dielectric and Electrolyte Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
- Academy of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory for Dielectric and Electrolyte Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
- Academy of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
| | - Xiwei Qi
- Hebei Provincial Laboratory for Dielectric and Electrolyte Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, P. R. China
- Academy of Materials Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, P. R. China
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Kaliyaraj D, Rajendran M, Angamuthu V, Antony AR, Kaari M, Thangavel S, Venugopal G, Joseph J, Manikkam R. Bioleaching of heavy metals from printed circuit board (PCB) by Streptomyces albidoflavus TN10 isolated from insect nest. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s40643-019-0283-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
E-waste management is extremely difficult to exercise owing to its complexity and hazardous nature. Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are the core components of electrical and electronic equipment, which generally consist of polymers, ceramics, and heavy metals.
Results
The present study has been attempted for removal of heavy metals from printed circuit board by metal-resistant actinobacterium Streptomyces albidoflavus TN10 isolated from the termite nest. This bacterium was found to recover different heavy metals (Al 66%, Ca 74%, Cu 68%, Cd 65%, Fe 42%, Ni 81%, Zn 82%, Ag 56%, Pb 46%) within 72 h under laboratory conditions. The metal content of PCB after bioleaching was analyzed by ICP-MS. The crude PCB and bioleaching residue were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, SEM for the determination of structural and functional group changes for confirmation of bioleaching.
Conclusion
The findings of the present study concluded that Streptomyces albidoflavus TN10 is a promising candidate for bioleaching of heavy metals from the printed circuit board as an eco-friendly and cost-effective process.
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