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Sepasi M, Iranbakhsh A, Saadatmand S, Ebadi M, Oraghi Ardebili Z. Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) stimulated secondary metabolism and mitigated toxicity of salinity stress in basil (Ocimum basilicum) by modulating gene expression: a sustainable approach for crop protection. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:16485-16496. [PMID: 38319425 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-32260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
The underlying mechanisms through which silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiNPs) can confer salinity resistance to plants are poorly understood. This study explored the efficacy of supplementing nutrient solution with SiNPs (20-30 nm; 10 mg kg-1 soil) to stimulate metabolism and alleviate the risks associated with salinity (0.73 g kg-1 soil) in basil seedlings. For this purpose, variations in photosynthetic indices, proline osmoprotectant, antioxidant markers, phenylpropanoid metabolism, and transcriptional behaviors of genes were investigated. SiNPs increased shoot fresh weight (38%) and mitigated the risk associated with the salinity stress by 14%. SiNPs alleviated the inhibitory effects of salinity on the total chlorophyll concentration by 15%. The highest increase (twofold) in proline content was recorded in the SiNP-treated seedlings grown under salinity. The nano-supplement enhanced the activity of enzymatic antioxidants, including peroxidase (2.5-fold) and catalase (4.7-fold). SiNPs induced the expression of gamma-cadinene synthase (CDS) and caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) genes by 6.5- and 18.3-fold, respectively. SiNPs upregulated the eugenol synthase (EGS1) and fenchol synthase (FES) genes by six- and nine-fold, respectively. Salinity transcriptionally downregulated the geraniol synthase (GES) gene, while this gene displayed an upward trend in response to SiNPs by eight-fold. The nano-supplement transcriptionally stimulated the R-linalool synthase (LIS) gene by 3.3-fold. The terpinolene synthase (TES) gene displayed a similar trend to that of the GES gene. The highest expression (25-fold) of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene was recorded in seedlings supplemented with SiNPs. The physiological and molecular assessments demonstrated that employing SiNPs is a sustainable strategy for improving plant primary/secondary metabolism and crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sepasi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sara Saadatmand
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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Mohammadi H, Kazemi Z, Aghaee A, Hazrati S, Golzari Dehno R, Ghorbanpour M. Unraveling the influence of TiO 2 nanoparticles on growth, physiological and phytochemical characteristics of Mentha piperita L. in cadmium-contaminated soil. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22280. [PMID: 38097718 PMCID: PMC10721648 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the metals contaminants, cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic elements in cultivated soils, causing loss of yield and productivity in plants. Recently, nanomaterials have been shown to mitigate the negative consequences of environmental stresses in different plants. However, little is known about foliar application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) to alleviate Cd stress in medicinal plants, and their dual interactions on essential oil production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of foliar-applied TiO2 NPs on growth, Cd uptake, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents, total phenols, anthocyanins, flavonoids, antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT and POD) activity and essential oil content of Mentha piperita L. (peppermint) under Cd stress. For this purpose, plants were grown in Cd-contaminated (0, 20, 40, and 60 mg L-1) soil, and different concentrations of TiO2 NPs (0, 75, and 150 mg L-1) were foliar sprayed at three times after full establishment until the beginning of flowering. Exposure to TiO2 NPs significantly (P < 0.01) increased shoot dry weight (37.8%) and the number of lateral branches (59.4%) and decreased Cd uptake in plant tissues as compared to the control. Application of TiO2 NPs increased the content of plastid pigments, and the ratio Fv/Fm (13.4%) as compared to the control. Additionally, TiO2 NPs reduced the stress markers, MDA and H2O2 contents and enhanced the activity of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme (60.5%), total phenols (56.1%), anthocyanins (42.6%), flavonoids (25.5%), and essential oil content (52.3%) in Cd-stressed peppermint compared to the control. The results also demonstrated that foliar spray of TiO2 NPs effectively improved the growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and reduced Cd accumulation in peppermint, which was mainly attributed to the reduction of oxidative burst and enhancement of the enzymatic (SOD, CAT, and POD) antioxidant defense system due to the uptake of NPs. The findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanism of TiO2 NPs on peppermint plants growth, physiology and secondary metabolites production in Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Mohammadi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Kazemi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Aghaee
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Saeid Hazrati
- Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rosa Golzari Dehno
- Department of Agriculture, Chalus Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalus, Iran
| | - Mansour Ghorbanpour
- Department of Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Arak University, Arak, 38156-8-8349, Iran
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Tardast Z, Iranbakhsh A, Ebadi M, Oraghi Ardebili Z. Corona discharge plasma stimulated production of atropine in callus of Datura inoxia by DNA hypomethylation and gene regulation: a novel technology for plant cell and tissue culture. PROTOPLASMA 2023; 260:1515-1525. [PMID: 37233753 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-023-01863-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Few investigations have tested the practical use of cold plasma as a novel technology to meet the requirements in the plant cell and tissue culture field. To fill the knowledge gap, we intend to respond to the question of whether plasma priming influenced DNA ultrastructure and the production of atropine (a tropane alkaloid) in Datura inoxia. Calluses were treated with the corona discharge plasma at time durations ranging from 0 to 300 s. Significant increases (about 60%) in biomass were observed in the plasma-primed calluses. The plasma priming of calluses enhanced the accumulation of atropine about 2-fold. The plasma treatments increased proline concentrations and soluble phenols. The drastic increases in the activity of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme resulted from the applied treatments. Likewise, the plasma treatment of 180 s upregulated the expression of the PAL gene by 8-fold. Also, the expression of the ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and tropinone reductase I (TR I) genes were stimulated by 4.3-fold and 3.2-fold, respectively, in response to the plasma treatment. The putrescine N-methyltransferase gene displayed a similar trend to that of TR I and ODC genes following the plasma priming. Methylation sensitive amplification polymorphism method was employed to explore the plasma-associated epigenetic changes in DNA ultrastructure. The molecular assessment referred to DNA hypomethylation, validating an epigenetic response. This biological assessment study validates the hypothesis that plasma priming of callus is an efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly tool to enhance callogenesis efficiency, elicit metabolism, affect gene regulation, and modify chromatin ultrastructure in D. inoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tardast
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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Moshirian Farahi SM, Taghavizadeh Yazdi ME, Einafshar E, Akhondi M, Ebadi M, Azimipour S, Mahmoodzadeh H, Iranbakhsh A. The effects of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) nanoparticles on physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant properties of Vitex plant ( Vitex agnus - Castus L). Heliyon 2023; 9:e22144. [PMID: 38034643 PMCID: PMC10685375 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NPs) are widely used in agriculture in order to increase the yield and growth characteristics of plants. This study investigated the effects of TiO2NPs on photosynthetic pigments and several biochemical activities and antioxidant enzymes of the Vitex plant. Different concentrations of nanoparticles (0, 200, 400, 600 and 800 ppm) at five levels were sprayed on Vitex plants on the 30th day of the experiment. TiO2NPs at different concentrations had positive effects on root and shoot dry weight and a negative effect on leaf dry weight. The amount of chlorophyll increased with the concentration of TiO2NPs; however, the amount of chlorophyll b showed a decreasing trend while the total chlorophyll had a constant trend. The highest amount of soluble sugar was obtained in the treatment of 200 ppm nanoparticles. The application of TiO2NPs did not have any effect on the content of proline and soluble proteins of Vitex plant. The effects of foliar TiO2NPs, compared to the control, showed a significant increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In general, TiO2NPs had a favorable effect on dry matter production and some antioxidant and biochemical properties of the Vitex plant.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elham Einafshar
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahdi Akhondi
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Shahrouz Azimipour
- Faculty of Chemistry, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran
| | - Homa Mahmoodzadeh
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Ulhassan Z, Yang S, He D, Khan AR, Salam A, Azhar W, Muhammad S, Ali S, Hamid Y, Khan I, Sheteiwy MS, Zhou W. Seed priming with nano-silica effectively ameliorates chromium toxicity in Brassica napus. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 458:131906. [PMID: 37364434 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant yield is severely hampered by chromium (Cr) toxicity, affirming the urgent need to develop strategies to suppress its phyto-accumulation. Silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO2 NPs) have emerged as a provider of sustainable crop production and resistance to abiotic stress. But, the mechanisms by which seed-primed SiO2 NPs palliate Cr-accumulation and its toxic impacts in Brassica napus L. tissues remains poorly understood. To address this gap, present study examined the protective efficacy of seed priming with SiO2 NPs (400 mg/L) in relieving the Cr (200 µM) phytotoxicity mainly in B. napus seedlings. Results delineated that SiO2 NPs significantly declined the accumulation of Cr (38.7/35.9%), MDA (25.9/29.1%), H2O2 (27.04/36.9%) and O2• (30.02/34.7%) contents in leaves/roots, enhanced the nutrients acquisition, leading to improved photosynthetic performance and better plant growth. SiO2 NPs boosted the plant immunity by upregulating the transcripts of antioxidant (SOD, CAT, APX, GR) or defense-related genes (PAL, CAD, PPO, PAO and MT-1), GSH (assists Cr-vacuolar sequestration), and modifying the subcellular distribution (enhances Cr-proportion in cell wall), thereby confer tolerance to ultrastructural damages under Cr stress. Our first evidence to establish the Cr-detoxification by seed-primed SiO2 NPs in B. napus, indicated the potential of SiO2 NPs as stress-reducing agent for crops grown in Cr-contaminated areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaid Ulhassan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Su Yang
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-products Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Di He
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ali Raza Khan
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Abdul Salam
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wardah Azhar
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sajid Muhammad
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Skhawat Ali
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Imran Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agricultural Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Mohamed Salah Sheteiwy
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Anjum S, Vyas A, Sofi T. Fungi-mediated synthesis of nanoparticles: characterization process and agricultural applications. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4727-4741. [PMID: 36781932 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the field of nanotechnology, the use of biologically active products from fungi for the reduction and synthesis of nanoparticles as an alternative to toxic chemicals has received extensive attention, due to their production of large quantities of proteins, high yields, easy handling, and the low toxicity of the residues. Fungi have become valuable tools for the manufacture of nanoparticles in comparison with other biological systems because of their enhanced growth control and diversity of metabolites, including enzymes, proteins, peptides, polysaccharides, and other macro-molecules. The ability to use different species of fungi and to perform the synthesis under different conditions enables the production of nanoparticles with different physicochemical characteristics. Fungal nanotechnology has been used to develop and offer products and services in the agricultural, medicinal, and industrial sectors. Agriculturally, it has found applications in plant disease management, crop improvement, biosensing, and the production of environmentally friendly, non-toxic pesticides and fertilizers to enhance agricultural production in general. The subject of this review is the application of fungi in the synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles, characterization, and possible applications of fungal nanoparticles in the diverse agricultural sector. The literature shows potential uses of fungi in biogenic synthesis, enabling the production of nanoparticles with different physiognomies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahnaz Anjum
- Department of Botany, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
- Division of Plant Pathology, FoH, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, India
| | - Ashish Vyas
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, India
| | - Tariq Sofi
- Division of Plant Pathology, FoH, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Kashmir, India
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Marček T, Hamow KÁ, Janda T, Darko E. Effects of High Voltage Electrical Discharge (HVED) on Endogenous Hormone and Polyphenol Profile in Wheat. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1235. [PMID: 36986924 PMCID: PMC10054893 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High voltage electrical discharge (HVED) is an eco-friendly low-cost method based on the creation of plasma-activated water (PAW) through the release of electrical discharge in water which results in the formation of reactive particles. Recent studies have reported that such novel plasma technologies promote germination and growth but their hormonal and metabolic background is still not known. In the present work, the HVED-induced hormonal and metabolic changes were studied during the germination of wheat seedlings. Hormonal changes including abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellic acids (GAs), indol acetic acid (IAA) and jasmonic acid (JA) and the polyphenol responses were detected in the early (2nd day) and late (5th day) germination phases of wheat as well as their redistribution in shoot and root. HVED treatment significantly stimulated germination and growth both in the shoot and root. The root early response to HVED involved the upregulation of ABA and increased phaseic and ferulic acid content, while the active form of gibberellic acid (GA1) was downregulated. In the later phase (5th day of germination), HVED had a stimulatory effect on the production of benzoic and salicylic acid. The shoot showed a different response: HVED induced the synthesis of JA_Le_Ile, an active form of JA, and provoked the biosynthesis of cinnamic, p-coumaric and caffeic acid in both phases of germination. Surprisingly, in 2-day-old shoots, HVED decreased the GA20 levels, being intermediate in the synthesis of bioactive gibberellins. These HVED-provoked metabolic changes indicated a stress-related response that could contribute to germination in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihana Marček
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kamirán Áron Hamow
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Tibor Janda
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
| | - Eva Darko
- Agricultural Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, ELKH, 2462 Martonvásár, Hungary
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Luo D, Wu Z, Bai Q, Zhang Y, Huang M, Huang Y, Li X. Universal Stress Proteins: From Gene to Function. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054725. [PMID: 36902153 PMCID: PMC10003552 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Universal stress proteins (USPs) exist across a wide range of species and are vital for survival under stressful conditions. Due to the increasingly harsh global environmental conditions, it is increasingly important to study the role of USPs in achieving stress tolerance. This review discusses the role of USPs in organisms from three aspects: (1) organisms generally have multiple USP genes that play specific roles at different developmental periods of the organism, and, due to their ubiquity, USPs can be used as an important indicator to study species evolution; (2) a comparison of the structures of USPs reveals that they generally bind ATP or its analogs at similar sequence positions, which may underlie the regulatory role of USPs; and (3) the functions of USPs in species are diverse, and are generally directly related to the stress tolerance. In microorganisms, USPs are associated with cell membrane formation, whereas in plants they may act as protein chaperones or RNA chaperones to help plants withstand stress at the molecular level and may also interact with other proteins to regulate normal plant activities. This review will provide directions for future research, focusing on USPs to provide clues for the development of stress-tolerant crop varieties and for the generation of novel green pesticide formulations in agriculture, and to better understand the evolution of drug resistance in pathogenic microorganisms in medicine.
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Li J, Li Z, Ma Q, Zhou Y. Enhancement of anthocyanins extraction from haskap by cold plasma pretreatment. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2023.103294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Ghodsimaab SP, Makarian H, Ghasimi Hagh Z, Gholipoor M. Scanning electron microscopy, biochemical and enzymatic studies to evaluate hydro-priming and cold plasma treatment effects on the germination of Salvia leriifolia Benth. seeds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1035296. [PMID: 36743554 PMCID: PMC9895828 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1035296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Finding a suitable method to increase seed germination rates of medicinal plants is critical to saving them from extinction. The effects of cold plasma (CP) treatments (using surface power densities of 80 and 100 W, with exposure times of 0, 120, 180, and 240 s) and incorporating hydropriming (carried out for 24 and 2 h on normal and uncovered seeds, respectively) to enhance the seed germination of Salvia leriifolia Benth a native endangered Iranian medicinal plant, were evaluated in this study. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images identified more destroyed mesh-like structures in hydro-primed and uncovered seeds than in normal and dry seeds. In comparison to the control, and other treatments, employing 100 W of CP for 240 s produced the maximum germination percentage and rate, as well as a seedling vigor of I and II in hydro-primed and uncovered seeds. The levels of α-amylase activity increased when the power and exposure times of CP were increased. The uncovering and hydropriming of S. leriifolia seeds resulted in increased enzyme activity. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents were enhanced by increasing the power and exposure time of CP, especially in uncovered and hydro-primed seeds. The activity of antioxidant enzymes, including catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), was correlated to changes in MDA and H2O2 levels. Finally, direct contact of CP with uncovered seeds in a short exposure time can improve the germination of S. leriifolia seeds via microscopic etching and activation of enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Parisa Ghodsimaab
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Hassan Makarian
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Ziba Ghasimi Hagh
- Department of Horticulture Science and Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
| | - Manoochehr Gholipoor
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran
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Nezhadasad B, Radjabian T, Hajiboland R. Diverse responses of halophyte and glycophyte Lepidium species to the salt-mediated amelioration of nickel toxicity and accumulation. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2023; 136:117-137. [PMID: 36409432 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-022-01424-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Tolerance mechanisms employed by plants under environmental stresses can protect them against other co-occurring stresses. In this study, the effect of pre-exposure and simultaneous salt treatment on nickel (Ni) toxicity tolerance in one halophyte (L. sativum) and one glycophyte (L. latifolium) Lepidium species in hydroponics was investigated. In order to compare the species independent from their salt and Ni tolerance level, the glycophyte was subjected to lower salt and Ni concentrations and for a shorter period of time than the halophyte. Salt (NaCl) was applied at 50 and 100 mM concentrations and Ni was provided at an equal free Ni2+ activity by adding 100 and 200 µM Ni as single stresses, but 130 and 300 µM Ni for the treatment of its combination with salt in the glycophyte and halophyte, respectively. Temporal analyses of signaling molecules revealed that the halophyte is characteristically different from the glycophyte in that it exhibits a higher constitutive level of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide, a longer duration of response to Ni, and its augmentation by salt. In addition to higher biomass and less Ni accumulation in salt-treated plants, the concentrations of free thiol groups, leaf pigments, proline, free and cell wall-bound phenolics contents, and the activity of phenolic metabolizing enzymes were higher in L. latifolium under the combined salt and Ni treatments than under the single Ni stress. In contrast, the biomass and most biochemical parameters of Ni-stressed L. sativum plants were not enhanced by salt treatment but rather decreased. Our findings shed light on cross-tolerance mechanisms in halophytes and uncovered halophyte survival strategies under multiple stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Nezhadasad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Radjabian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghieh Hajiboland
- Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Plant, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Tabriz, 29 Bahman Ave, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran.
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Mukarram M, Petrik P, Mushtaq Z, Khan MMA, Gulfishan M, Lux A. Silicon nanoparticles in higher plants: Uptake, action, stress tolerance, and crosstalk with phytohormones, antioxidants, and other signalling molecules. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 310:119855. [PMID: 35940485 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Silicon is absorbed as uncharged mono-silicic acid by plant roots through passive absorption of Lsi1, an influx transporter belonging to the aquaporin protein family. Lsi2 then actively effluxes silicon from root cells towards the xylem from where it is exported by Lsi6 for silicon distribution and accumulation to other parts. Recently, it was proposed that silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) might share a similar route for their uptake and transport. SiNPs then initiate a cascade of morphophysiological adjustments that improve the plant physiology through regulating the expression of many photosynthetic genes and proteins along with photosystem I (PSI) and PSII assemblies. Subsequent improvement in photosynthetic performance and stomatal behaviour correspond to higher growth, development, and productivity. On many occasions, SiNPs have demonstrated a protective role during stressful environments by improving plant-water status, source-sink potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, and enzymatic profile. The present review comprehensively discusses the crop improvement potential of SiNPs stretching their role during optimal and abiotic stress conditions including salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Moreover, in the later section of this review, we offered the understanding that most of these upgrades can be explained by SiNPs intricate correspondence with phytohormones, antioxidants, and signalling molecules. SiNPs can modulate the endogenous phytohormones level such as abscisic acid (ABA), auxins (IAAs), cytokinins (CKs), ethylene (ET), gibberellins (GAs), and jasmonic acid (JA). Altered phytohormones level affects plant growth, development, and productivity at various organ and tissue levels. Similarly, SiNPs regulate the activities of catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle leading to an upgraded defence system. At the cellular and subcellular levels, SiNPs crosstalk with various signalling molecules such as Ca2+, K+, Na+, nitric oxide (NO), ROS, soluble sugars, and transcription factors (TFs) was also explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mukarram
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India; Department of Integrated Forest and Landscape Protection, Faculty of Forestry, Technical University in Zvolen, T. G. Masaryka 24, 96001, Zvolen, Slovakia.
| | - Peter Petrik
- Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - M Masroor A Khan
- Advance Plant Physiology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Mohd Gulfishan
- Glocal School of Agricultural Science, Glocal University, Saharanpur, 247121, India
| | - Alexander Lux
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Ilkovicova 6, Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia
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13
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Niosomes: a novel targeted drug delivery system for cancer. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:240. [PMID: 36175809 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01836-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recently, nanotechnology is involved in various fields of science, of which medicine is one of the most obvious. The use of nanoparticles in the process of treating and diagnosing diseases has created a novel way of therapeutic strategies with effective mechanisms of action. Also, due to the remarkable progress of personalized medicine, the effort is to reduce the side effects of treatment paths as much as possible and to provide targeted treatments. Therefore, the targeted delivery of drugs is important in different diseases, especially in patients who receive combined drugs, because the delivery of different drug structures requires different systems so that there is no change in the drug and its effectiveness. Niosomes are polymeric nanoparticles that show favorable characteristics in drug delivery. In addition to biocompatibility and high absorption, these nanoparticles also provide the possibility of reducing the drug dosage and targeting the release of drugs, as well as the delivery of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs by Niosome vesicles. Since various factors such as components, preparation, and optimization methods are effective in the size and formation of niosomal structures, in this review, the characteristics related to niosome vesicles were first examined and then the in silico tools for designing, prediction, and optimization were explained. Finally, anticancer drugs delivered by niosomes were compared and discussed to be a suitable model for designing therapeutic strategies. In this research, it has been tried to examine all the aspects required for drug delivery engineering using niosomes and finally, by presenting clinical examples of the use of these nanocarriers in cancer, its clinical characteristics were also expressed.
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Goswami P, Mathur J, Srivastava N. Silica nanoparticles as novel sustainable approach for plant growth and crop protection. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09908. [PMID: 35847613 PMCID: PMC9284391 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Agriculture crops encounter several biotic and abiotic stresses, including pests, diseases, nutritional deficits, and climate change, which necessitate the development of new agricultural technologies. By developing nano-based fertilizers, insecticides and herbicides, and early disease diagnostics, nanotechnology may help to increase agricultural crop quality and production. The application of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) may be the solution for increasing the yield to combat the agriculture crisis in the near future. SiNPs have unique physiological properties, such as large surface area, aggregation, reactivity, penetrating ability, size, and structure, which enable them to penetrate plants and regulate their metabolic processes. Pesticide delivery, enhanced nutrition supply, disease management, and higher photosynthetic efficiency and germination rate are all attributed to SiNPs deposition on plant tissue surfaces. SiNPs have been demonstrated to be non-toxic in nature, making them suitable for usage in agriculture. In this regard, the current work provides the most important and contemporary applications of SiNPs in agriculture as well as biogenic and non-biogenic synthetic techniques. As a result, this review summarizes the literature on SiNPs and explores the use of SiNPs in a variety of agricultural disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Goswami
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Jyoti Mathur
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India
| | - Nidhi Srivastava
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali Tonk, Rajasthan, 304022, India
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15
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Shelar A, Singh AV, Dietrich P, Maharjan RS, Thissen A, Didwal PN, Shinde M, Laux P, Luch A, Mathe V, Jahnke T, Chaskar M, Patil R. Emerging cold plasma treatment and machine learning prospects for seed priming: a step towards sustainable food production. RSC Adv 2022; 12:10467-10488. [PMID: 35425017 PMCID: PMC8982346 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00809b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Seeds are vulnerable to physical and biological stresses during the germination process. Seed priming strategies can alleviate such stresses. Seed priming is a technique of treating and drying seeds prior to germination in order to accelerate the metabolic process of germination. Multiple benefits are offered by seed priming techniques, such as reducing fertilizer use, accelerating seed germination, and inducing systemic resistance in plants, which are both cost-effective and eco-friendly. For seed priming, cold plasma (CP)-mediated priming could be an innovative alternative to synthetic chemical treatments. CP priming is an eco-friendly, safe and economical, yet relatively less explored technique towards the development of seed priming. In this review, we discussed in detail the application of CP technology for seed priming to enhance germination, the quality of seeds, and the production of crops in a sustainable manner. Additionally, the combination treatment of CP with nanoparticle (NP) priming is also discussed. The large numbers of parameters need to be monitored and optimized during CP treatment to achieve the desired priming results. Here, we discussed a new perspective of machine learning for modeling plasma treatment parameters in agriculture for the development of synergistic protocols for different types of seed priming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Shelar
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune 411007 India
| | - Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Paul Dietrich
- SPECS Surface Nano Analysis GmbH Voltastrasse 5 13355 Berlin Germany
| | - Romi Singh Maharjan
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Thissen
- SPECS Surface Nano Analysis GmbH Voltastrasse 5 13355 Berlin Germany
| | - Pravin N Didwal
- Department of Materials, University of Oxford Parks Road Oxford OX1 3PH UK
| | - Manish Shinde
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Panchawati Pune 411008 India
| | - Peter Laux
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10 10589 Berlin Germany
| | - Vikas Mathe
- Department of Physics, Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune 411007 India
| | - Timotheus Jahnke
- Max Planck Institute for Medical Research 61920 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Manohar Chaskar
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune 411007 India
| | - Rajendra Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune 411007 India
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16
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Asgari-Targhi G, Iranbakhsh A, Oraghi Ardebili Z, Hatami Tooski A. Synthesis and characterization of chitosan encapsulated zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocomposite and its biological assessment in pepper (Capsicum annuum) as an elicitor for in vitro tissue culture applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 189:170-182. [PMID: 34425117 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.08.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology paves the way for introducing nanoscale fertilizers, pesticides, and elicitors. This study intends to address the synthesis of chitosan/zinc oxide nanocomposite (CS-ZnONP) and its biological assessment in in-vitro conditions. The zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) were successfully coated with the chitosan (CS) polymer through a cost-effective approach. Transmission electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy assessments proved the surface capping of chitosan polymer on ZnONP. The nanocomposite was more capable of improving growth and biomass than the bare ZnONPs. The application of the nanocomposite increased the concentration of chlorophylls (51%), carotenoids (70%), proline (2-fold), and proteins (about 2-fold). The supplementation of culture medium with the nanomaterials upregulated enzymatic antioxidant biomarkers (catalase and peroxidase). The activity of the phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme also displayed a similar significant upward trend in response to the nano-supplements. The CS-ZnONP treatment considerably enhanced the accumulation of alkaloids (60.5%) and soluble phenols (40%), implying stimulation in secondary metabolism. The micropropagation test revealed that the CS-ZnONP treatment improved the organogenesis performance. Overall, the nanocomposite can be considered a highly potent biocompatible elicitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghasem Asgari-Targhi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Adel Hatami Tooski
- Department of Agricultural Sciences and Food Industries, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Shelar A, Singh AV, Maharjan RS, Laux P, Luch A, Gemmati D, Tisato V, Singh SP, Santilli MF, Shelar A, Chaskar M, Patil R. Sustainable Agriculture through Multidisciplinary Seed Nanopriming: Prospects of Opportunities and Challenges. Cells 2021; 10:2428. [PMID: 34572078 PMCID: PMC8472472 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The global community decided in 2015 to improve people's lives by 2030 by setting 17 global goals for sustainable development. The second goal of this community was to end hunger. Plant seeds are an essential input in agriculture; however, during their developmental stages, seeds can be negatively affected by environmental stresses, which can adversely affect seed vigor, seedling establishment, and crop production. Seeds resistant to high salinity, droughts and climate change can result in higher crop yield. The major findings suggested in this review refer nanopriming as an emerging seed technology towards sustainable food amid growing demand with the increasing world population. This novel growing technology could influence the crop yield and ensure the quality and safety of seeds, in a sustainable way. When nanoprimed seeds are germinated, they undergo a series of synergistic events as a result of enhanced metabolism: modulating biochemical signaling pathways, trigger hormone secretion, reduce reactive oxygen species leading to improved disease resistance. In addition to providing an overview of the challenges and limitations of seed nanopriming technology, this review also describes some of the emerging nano-seed priming methods for sustainable agriculture, and other technological developments using cold plasma technology and machine learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amruta Shelar
- Department of Technology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India;
| | - Ajay Vikram Singh
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (R.S.M.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Romi Singh Maharjan
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (R.S.M.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Peter Laux
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (R.S.M.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Andreas Luch
- Department of Chemical and Product Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Strasse 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; (R.S.M.); (P.L.); (A.L.)
| | - Donato Gemmati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (D.G.); (V.T.)
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (D.G.); (V.T.)
| | | | | | - Akanksha Shelar
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India;
| | - Manohar Chaskar
- Ramkrishna More Arts, Commerce and Science College, Pune 411044, India;
| | - Rajendra Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
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Effects of Non-Thermal Plasma Treatment on Seed Germination and Early Growth of Leguminous Plants-A Review. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081616. [PMID: 34451662 PMCID: PMC8401949 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The legumes (Fabaceae family) are the second most important agricultural crop, both in terms of harvested area and total production. They are an important source of vegetable proteins and oils for human consumption. Non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatment is a new and effective method in surface microbial inactivation and seed stimulation useable in the agricultural and food industries. This review summarizes current information about characteristics of legume seeds and adult plants after NTP treatment in relation to the seed germination and seedling initial growth, surface microbial decontamination, seed wettability and metabolic activity in different plant growth stages. The information about 19 plant species in relation to the NTP treatment is summarized. Some important plant species as soybean (Glycine max), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), mung bean (Vigna radiata), black gram (V. mungo), pea (Pisum sativum), lentil (Lens culinaris), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), alfalfa (Medicago sativa), and chickpea (Cicer aruetinum) are discussed. Likevise, some less common plant species i.g. blue lupine (Lupinus angustifolius), Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), and mimosa (Mimosa pudica, M. caesalpiniafolia) are mentioned too. Possible promising trends in the use of plasma as a seed pre-packaging technique, a reduction in phytotoxic diseases transmitted by seeds and the effect on reducing dormancy of hard seeds are also pointed out.
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Abedi S, Iranbakhsh A, Oraghi Ardebili Z, Ebadi M. Nitric oxide and selenium nanoparticles confer changes in growth, metabolism, antioxidant machinery, gene expression, and flowering in chicory (Cichorium intybus L.): potential benefits and risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:3136-3148. [PMID: 32902749 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10706-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to provide a better insight into the plant responses to nitric oxide (NO) and selenium nanoparticle (nSe). Chicory seedlings were sprayed with nSe (0, 4, and 40 mg l-1), and/or NO (0 and 25 μM). NO and/or nSe4 improved shoot and root biomass by an average of 32%. The nSe40 adversely influenced shoot and root biomass (mean = 26%), exhibiting moderate toxicity partly relieved by NO. The nSe and NO treatments transcriptionally stimulated the dehydration response element B1A (DREB1A) gene (mean = 29.6-fold). At the transcriptional level, nSe4 or NO moderately upregulated phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA quinate transferase (HCT1) genes (mean = sevenfold). The nSe4 + NO, nSe40, and nSe40 + NO groups drastically induced the expression of PAL and HCT1 genes (mean = 30-fold). With a similar trend, hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA Quinate/shikimate hydroxycinnamoyl transferase (HQT1) gene was also upregulated in response to nSe and/or NO (mean = 25-fold). The activities of nitrate reductase and catalase enzymes were also induced in the nSe- and/or NO-treated seedlings. Likewise, the application of these supplements associated with an increase in ascorbate concentration (mean = 31.5%) reduced glutathione (mean = 35%). NO and/or nSe enhanced the PAL activity (mean = 36.4%) and soluble phenols (mean = 40%). The flowering was also influenced by the supplements in dose and compound dependent manner exhibiting the long-time responses. It appears that the nSe-triggered signaling can associate with a plethora of developmental, physiological, and molecular responses at least in part via the fundamental regulatory roles of transcription factors, like DREB1A as one the most significant genes for conferring tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Abedi
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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20
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Neysanian M, Iranbakhsh A, Ahmadvand R, Oraghi Ardebili Z, Ebadi M. Comparative efficacy of selenate and selenium nanoparticles for improving growth, productivity, fruit quality, and postharvest longevity through modifying nutrition, metabolism, and gene expression in tomato; potential benefits and risk assessment. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244207. [PMID: 33338077 PMCID: PMC7748219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study attempted to address molecular, developmental, and physiological responses of tomato plants to foliar applications of selenium nanoparticles (nSe) at 0, 3, and 10 mgl-1 or corresponding doses of sodium selenate (BSe). The BSe/nSe treatment at 3 mgl-1 increased shoot and root biomass, while at 10 mgl-1 moderately reduced biomass accumulation. Foliar application of BSe/nSe, especially the latter, at the lower dose enhanced fruit production, and postharvest longevity, while at the higher dose induced moderate toxicity and restricted fruit production. In leaves, the BSe/nSe treatments transcriptionally upregulated miR172 (mean = 3.5-folds). The Se treatments stimulated the expression of the bZIP transcription factor (mean = 9.7-folds). Carotene isomerase (CRTISO) gene was transcriptionally induced in both leaves and fruits of the nSe-treated seedlings by an average of 5.5 folds. Both BSe or nSe at the higher concentration increased proline concentrations, H2O2 accumulation, and lipid peroxidation levels, suggesting oxidative stress and impaired membrane integrity. Both BSe or nSe treatments also led to the induction of enzymatic antioxidants (catalase and peroxidase), an increase in concentrations of ascorbate, non-protein thiols, and soluble phenols, as well as a rise in the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase enzyme. Supplementation at 3 mgl-1 improved the concentration of mineral nutrients (Mg, Fe, and Zn) in fruits. The bioaccumulated Se contents in the nSe-treated plants were much higher than the corresponding concentration of selenate, implying a higher efficacy of the nanoform towards biofortification programs. Se at 10 mgl-1, especially in selenate form, reduced both size and density of pollen grains, indicating its potential toxicity at the higher doses. This study provides novel molecular and physiological insights into the nSe efficacy for improving plant productivity, fruit quality, and fruit post-harvest longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Neysanian
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad
University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Ahmadvand
- Department of Seed and Plant Research Improvement Institute, Karaj,
Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan,
Iran
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21
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Rajaee Behbahani S, Iranbakhsh A, Ebadi M, Majd A, Ardebili ZO. Red elemental selenium nanoparticles mediated substantial variations in growth, tissue differentiation, metabolism, gene transcription, epigenetic cytosine DNA methylation, and callogenesis in bittermelon (Momordica charantia); an in vitro experiment. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0235556. [PMID: 32614916 PMCID: PMC7332037 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To gain a better insight into the selenium nanoparticle (nSe) benefits/toxicity, this experiment was carried out to address the behavior of bitter melon seedlings to nSe (0, 1, 4, 10, 30, and 50 mgL-1) or bulk form (selenate). Low doses of nSe increased biomass accumulation, while concentrations of 10 mgL-1 and above were associated with stem bending, impaired root meristem, and severe toxicity. Responses to nSe were distinct from that of bulk in that the nano-type exhibited a higher efficiency to stimulate growth and organogenesis than the bulk. The bulk form displayed higher phytotoxicity than the nano-type counterpart. According to the MSAP-based analysis, nSe mediated substantial variation in DNA cytosine methylation, reflecting the epigenetic modification. By increasing the concentration of nSe, the expression of the WRKY1 transcription factor linearly up-regulated (mean = 7.9-fold). Transcriptions of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and 4-Coumarate: CoA-ligase (4CL) genes were also induced. The nSe treatments at low concentrations enhanced the activity of leaf nitrate reductase (mean = 52%) in contrast with the treatment at toxic concentrations. The toxic concentration of nSe increased leaf proline concentration by 80%. The nSe supplement also stimulated the activities of peroxidase (mean = 35%) and catalase (mean = 10%) enzymes. The nSe-treated seedlings exhibited higher PAL activity (mean = 39%) and soluble phenols (mean = 50%). The nSe toxicity was associated with a disrupted differentiation of xylem conducting tissue. The callus formation and performance of the explants originated from the nSe-treated seedlings had a different trend than that of the control. This experiment provides new insights into the nSe-associated advantage/ cytotoxicity and further highlights the necessity of designing convincing studies to introduce novel methods for plant cell/tissue cultures and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rajaee Behbahani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Iranbakhsh
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Majd
- Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Multi-walled carbon nanotubes improved growth, anatomy, physiology, secondary metabolism, and callus performance in Catharanthus roseus: an in vitro study. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:404. [PMID: 31681525 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1934-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to monitor the physiological and molecular responses of Catharanthus roseus (rose periwinkle) to multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) incorporation into the culture medium. The seeds were grown on hormone-free MS medium supplemented with 0, 50, 100, and 150 mgL-1of MWCNT. The supplementations of culture medium with MWCNTs led to significant increases in plant growth indexes such as leaf width, leaf area, leaf fresh weight, root length, and total plant biomass). Slight increases were also observed in chlorophyll a (Chla), Chlb, and carotenoid contents (mean = 18.6%) in MWCNT-treated seedlings. Protein concentrations increased by an average of 34% relative to the control. The application of MWCNT resulted in twofold increases in the catalase and peroxidase activities. A similar trend was also observed in the phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities (by an average of 36.5%), soluble phenols (by 23%), and alkaloids (by 1.7-fold). Moreover, upregulations (mean = 37-fold) in the transcriptions of the DAT gene resulted from the MWCNT supplementations. Exposure to MWCNT improved cell sizes and xylem conducting tissue in treated seedlings. The applications of MWCNTs also stimulated the callus initiation and performance, implying their effects on proliferation and possible differentiation. This study has provided evidence of role MWCNT play in improving plant performance and production of pharmaceutical secondary metabolites.
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