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Kim HS, Kang JH, Jang J, Lee EJ, Kim JH, Byun J, Shin US. Dual stimuli-responsive mesoporous silica nanoparticles for efficient loading and smart delivery of doxorubicin to cancer with RGD-integrin targeting. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 188:106525. [PMID: 37437854 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
The recent progress in nanoparticle applications, such as tumor-targeting, has enabled specific delivery of chemotherapeutics to malignant tissues with enhanced local efficacy while limiting side effects. However, existing delivery systems leave much room for improvement in terms of achieving enhanced colloidal stability in fluid medium, efficient targeting of intended sites, and effective release of therapeutic drugs into diseased cells. Here, an efficient stimuli-responsive nanocarrier for mammalian cells, termed RGD-NAMs, was developed, which enabled temperature- and pH-sensitive release of drug loads. The RGD-NAMs comprise two parts: a stimuli-responsive copolymer shell (NIBIm-AA-RGD) and drug-container core (MSNs). The RGD-NAMs have a stable drug-loading capacity with a marked difference in the release rate depending on the temperature and pH conditions. The RGD-NAMs also exhibit high colloidal stability in SBF (Stimulated body fluid) solutions and minimal toxicity in skeletal myoblasts (C2C12) and bovine arterial endothelial cells (BAEC). The doxorubicin-loaded RGD-NAMs induced a cytotoxic effect in a dose-dependent manner, which was furthered by an increase in temperature from 37 to 40 °C. Moreover, significant control of the release rate and the amount were achieved through pH change. This novel, smart drug-delivery system with high responsiveness to temperature and pH changes has wide application prospects in biomedical fields, including the theragnosis of tumors and vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Sem Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Kang
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - JunHwee Jang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Lee
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea; Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonghoe Byun
- Department of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, Institute of Nanosensor and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ueon Sang Shin
- Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, South Korea; Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Dandae-ro, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan-si, Chungnam, 31116, Republic of Korea.
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Han M, Beon J, Lee JY, Oh SS. Systematic Combination of Oligonucleotides and Synthetic Polymers for Advanced Therapeutic Applications. Macromol Res 2021; 29:665-680. [PMID: 34754286 PMCID: PMC8568687 DOI: 10.1007/s13233-021-9093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The potential of oligonucleotides is exceptional in therapeutics because of their high safety, potency, and specificity compared to conventional therapeutic agents. However, many obstacles, such as low in vivo stability and poor cellular uptake, have hampered their clinical success. Use of polymeric carriers can be an effective approach for overcoming the biological barriers and thereby maximizing the therapeutic efficacy of the oligonucleotides due to the availability of highly tunable synthesis and functional modification of various polymers. As loaded in the polymeric carriers, the therapeutic oligonucleotides, such as antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNAs, microRNAs, and even messenger RNAs, become nuclease-resistant by bypassing renal filtration and can be efficiently internalized into disease cells. In this review, we introduced a variety of systematic combinations between the therapeutic oligonucleotides and the synthetic polymers, including the uses of highly functionalized polymers responding to a wide range of endogenous and exogenous stimuli for spatiotemporal control of oligonucleotide release. We also presented intriguing characteristics of oligonucleotides suitable for targeted therapy and immunotherapy, which can be fully supported by versatile polymeric carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moohyun Han
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673 Korea
| | - Jiyun Beon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673 Korea
| | - Ju Young Lee
- Research Center for Bio-based Chemistry, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Ulsan, 44429 Korea
| | - Seung Soo Oh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673 Korea
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Jana S, Biswas Y, Anas M, Saha A, Mandal TK. Poly[oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)acrylate]-Based Poly(ionic liquid) Random Copolymers with Coexistent and Tunable Lower Critical Solution Temperature- and Upper Critical Solution Temperature-Type Phase Transitions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:12653-12663. [PMID: 30265540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of dual thermosensitive nonionic-ionic random copolymers with varying compositions by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization is described. These copolymers contain oligo(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)acrylate (OEtOxA) and either triphenyl-4-vinylbenzylphosphonium chloride ([VBTP][Cl]) or 3- n-butyl-1-vinylimidazolium bromide ([VBuIm][Br]) ionic liquid (IL) units. The copolymers having low content of ionic poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) (P[VBTP][Cl]/P[VBuIm][Br]) segments show only lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type phase transition with almost linear increase of their cloud points with increasing percentage of ionic PIL segments. Furthermore, LCST-type cloud points ( TcLs) are found very sensitive and tunable with respect to the nature and concentration of halide ions (X- = Cl-, Br-, and I-) and copolymer compositions. However, copolymers with high content of ionic PIL segments show both LCST-type followed by upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-type phase transitions in the presence of halide ions. Dual LCST- and UCST-type phase behaviors are prominent and repeatable for many heating/cooling cycles. Both types of cloud points are found to be sensitive to copolymer compositions, concentration, and nature and concentration of the halide ions. The phase behaviors of both types of copolymers with a very high ionic content (>90%) are exactly similar to that of P[VBTP][Cl] or P[VBuIm][Br] homopolymers showing only UCST-type phase transition in the presence of halide ions. The inherent biocompatibility of the P(OEtOxA) segment along with the interesting dual thermoresponsiveness makes these copolymers highly suitable candidates for biomedical applications including drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somdeb Jana
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Yajnaseni Biswas
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Md Anas
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Anupam Saha
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
| | - Tarun K Mandal
- Polymer Science Unit , Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science , Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032 , India
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Kang JH, Hwang JY, Seo JW, Kim HS, Shin US. Small intestine- and colon-specific smart oral drug delivery system with controlled release characteristic. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 91:247-254. [PMID: 30033252 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in strategies for the development of small intestine (and colon)-specific oral drug-delivery systems to maximize the efficiency of therapeutic agents and reduce side effects. However, only a few strategies are capable of working in the complicated environment of the human intestinal tract. In this study, the preparation of a basic pH/temperature-responsive co-polymer (p-NIVIm) and its in-vitro-drug delivery function in the pH range of 1-8 and temperature range of 25-42 °C are reported. The basic copolymer was prepared by radical copolymerization of N-isopropyl acryl amide (NIPAAm) and N-vinylimidazole (VIm). The lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of p-NIVIm was higher in stomach pH (~1.0) conditions (36.5-42 °C) and lower in small intestine and/or colon pH (~8.0) conditions (35.8-38.2 °C). The ability to uptake a model protein (BSA) at body temperature and to release it in conditions of 37 °C and pH 1-8 was determined. The drug loading capacity (0.231 mg per 1.0 mg copolymer) and efficiency (92.4%) were high at 37 °C/pH 7. The drug carrier showed a slow release pattern at pH 1 (~0.084 mg; ~35%) and then a sudden release pattern (~0.177 mg; ~73%) at pH 8. The cytotoxicity of p-NIVIm to MCF-7 cells in vitro was minimal at concentrations <168.9 μg/mL after 72 h. The prepared copolymer with its pH-/temperature-responsive protein-entrapping and -releasing behavior at body temperature may potentially be applied as a novel small intestine (and colon)-specific oral drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Kang
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Seo
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sem Kim
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea
| | - Ueon Sang Shin
- Department of Nanobiomedical Science & BK21 PLUS NBM Global Research Center for Regenerative Medicine, Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea; Institute of Tissue Regeneration Engineering (ITREN), Dankook University, Chungnam, Cheonan 330-714, Republic of Korea.
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Ionic and thermo-switchable polymer-masked mesoporous silica drug-nanocarrier: High drug loading capacity at 10°C and fast drug release completion at 40°C. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 144:229-237. [PMID: 27092438 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The preparation of the ideal smart drug-delivery systems were successfully achieved by the in situ co-polymerization of a vinyl group-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticle (f-MSN) with 1-butyl-3-vinyl imidazolium bromide (BVIm) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomers. The thickness of the capping copolymer layer, poly(NIPAAm-co-BVIm) (p-NIBIm), was controlled at between 2.5nm and 5nm, depending on the monomers/f-MSN ratio in the reaction solution. The finally obtained smart drug-delivery systems are named as p-MSN2.5 and p-MSN5.0 (MSNs integrated by 2.5nm and 5nm p-NIBIm layer in thickness). The key roles of the mesoporous-silica-nanoparticle (MSN) core and the p-NIBIm shell are drug-carrying (or containing) and pore-capping, respectively, and the latter has an on/off function that operates in accordance with temperature changes. According to the swelling- or shrinking-responses of the smart capping copolymer to temperature changes between 10°C and 40°C, the loading and releasing patterns of the model drug cytochrome c were studied in vitro. The developed system showed interesting performances such as a cytochrome-c-loading profile (loading capacity for 3h=26.3% and 19.8% for p-MSN2.5 and p-MSN5.0, respectively) at 10°C and a cytochrome-c-releasing profile (releasing efficiency=>95% within 3 days and 4 days for p-MSN2.5 and p-MSN5.0, respectively) at 40°C. The cytotoxicity of the drug delivery systems, p-MSN2.5 and p-MSN5.0 (in the concentration range of <0.125mg/mL without drug), for human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells were minimal in vitro compared with that of a blank MSN. These results may be reasonably applied in the field of specified drug delivery.
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