Genetic diversity analysis of maize lines using AFLP and TE-based molecular marker systems

Study of polymorphism of maize using dna and protein markers

In the present investigation 40 genotypes of maize from Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Slovakia and Yugoslavia were analysed using 20 start codon targeted (SCoT) markers, 10 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, 13 random amplified polymorphic (RAPD) markers and using SDS-PAGE markers. Twenty SCoT primers produced 114 DNA fragments with an average of 5.7 bands per primer. Out of the total of 114 amplified fragments, 86 (76.43 %) were polymorphic, with an average of 4.30 polymorphic bands per primer. Ten SSR primers revealed a total of 65 alleles ranging from 4 (UMC1060) to 8 (UMC2002 and UMC1155) alleles per locus with a mean value of 6.50 alleles per locus. 20 SCoT primers produced total 114 fragments across 40 maize genotypes, of which 86 (76.43 %) were polymorphic with an average of 4.30 polymorphic fragments per primer and number of amplified fragments ranged from 2 (SCoT 45) to 8 (SCoT 28 and SCoT 63). The number of total scorable protein bands was twentythree as a result of SDS-PAGE technique but those that were not cosistent in reproducibility and showed occasional variation in sharpness and density were not considered. Based on these bands forty accessions of maize were screened. Out of twentythree polypeptide bands, 6 (31%) were commonly present in all accessions and considered as monomorphic, while 17 (65%) showed variations and considered as polymorphic. The dendrogram of 40 old maize genotypes based on SSR, SCoT, RAPD and SDS-PAGE markers using UGMA algorithm was constructed.

Genetic variation of european maize genotypes (Zea mays L.) Detected using ssr markers

The SSR molecular markers were used to assess genetic diversity in 40 old European maize genotypes. Ten SSR primers revealed a total of 65 alleles ranging from 4 (UMC1060) to 8 (UMC2002 and UMC1155) alleles per locus with a mean value of 6.50 alleles per locus. The PIC values ranged from 0.713 (UMC1060) to 0.842 (UMC2002) with an average value of 0.810 and the DI value ranged from 0.734 (UMC1060) to 0.848 (UMC2002) with an average value of 0.819. 100% of used SSR markers had PIC and DI values higher than 0.7 that means high polymorphism of chosen markers used for analysis. Probability of identity (PI) was low ranged from 0.004 (UMC1072) to 0.022 (UMC1060) with an average of 0.008. A dendrogram was constructed from a genetic distance matrix based on profiles of the 10 maize SSR loci using the unweighted pair-group method with the arithmetic average (UPGMA). According to analysis, the collection of 40 diverse accessions of maize was clustered into four clusters. The first cluster contained nine genotypes of maize, while the second cluster contained the four genotypes of maize. The third cluster contained 5 maize genotypes. Cluster 4 contained five genotypes from Hungary (22.73%), two genotypes from Poland (9.10%), seven genotypes of maize from Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (31.81%), six genotypes from Czechoslovakia (27.27%), one genotype from Slovak Republic (4.55%) and one genotype of maize is from Yugoslavia (4.55%). We could not distinguish 4 maize genotypes grouped in cluster 4, (Voroneskaja and Kocovska Skora) and 2 Hungarian maize genotypes - Feheres Sarga Filleres and Mindszentpusztai Feher, which are genetically the closest.