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Chen H, Jiang N, Fu G, Fu Q, Wan C, Huang Y, Liu Y, Liu R, Liang Q, Cheng L. Characterization and Potential Application of Phage vB_PmuM_CFP3 for Phage Therapy Against Avian Pasteurella multocida. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:3268. [PMID: 39595321 PMCID: PMC11590940 DOI: 10.3390/ani14223268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2024] [Revised: 11/07/2024] [Accepted: 11/10/2024] [Indexed: 11/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections necessitates alternative therapeutic strategies, such as phage therapy. This study investigates the potential of phage vB_PmuM_CFP3 (CFP3) as a therapeutic agent against avian cholera caused by Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida). Phage CFP3 was isolated from the feces and wastewater of a laying hen farm and underwent comprehensive biological characterization, including host range, lytic activity, and environmental stability. Transmission electron microscopy revealed CFP3's typical myovirus morphology, with a head diameter of approximately 60 nm and a tail length of about 120 nm. CFP3 demonstrated high stability across a pH range of 4-10 and temperatures of 30-40 °C, making it suitable for oral administration in poultry. The phage exhibited a latent period of about 90 min and an optimal multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 1. Despite its narrow host range, with a lysis rate of 28.2% against avian-derived type A P. multocida, CFP3's specificity minimizes impact on non-target bacteria. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a 32,696 bp linear double-stranded DNA genome with 46 predicted open reading frames (ORFs) and no tRNA or antibiotic resistance genes, enhancing its safety profile. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close evolutionary relationship with Haemophilus phages HP1, HP2, and Pasteurella phage F108. While CFP3 shows promise as a precision therapeutic tool, further in vivo studies are required to evaluate its efficacy and safety. Future research should focus on expanding the phage library, optimizing phage mixtures, and exploring synergistic effects with other antimicrobial strategies. This study provides foundational data supporting the development of CFP3 as a viable alternative to antibiotics for controlling avian cholera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Nansong Jiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Guanghua Fu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qiuling Fu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Chunhe Wan
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
| | - Rongchang Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qizhang Liang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Longfei Cheng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China; (H.C.); (N.J.); (G.F.); (Q.F.); (C.W.); (Y.H.); (R.L.); (Q.L.)
- Fujian Industry Technology Innovation Research Academy of Livestock and Poultry Diseases Prevention and Control, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Control and Prevention of Avian Diseases, Fuzhou 350013, China
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Loponte R, Pagnini U, Iovane G, Pisanelli G. Phage Therapy in Veterinary Medicine. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10040421. [PMID: 33920369 PMCID: PMC8069180 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10040421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
To overcome the obstacle of antimicrobial resistance, researchers are investigating the use of phage therapy as an alternative and/or supplementation to antibiotics to treat and prevent infections both in humans and in animals. In the first part of this review, we describe the unique biological characteristics of bacteriophages and the crucial aspects influencing the success of phage therapy. However, despite their efficacy and safety, there is still no specific legislation that regulates their use. In the second part of this review, we describe the comprehensive research done in the past and recent years to address the use of phage therapy for the treatment and prevention of bacterial disease affecting domestic animals as an alternative to antibiotic treatments. While in farm animals, phage therapy efficacy perspectives have been widely studied in vitro and in vivo, especially for zoonoses and diseases linked to economic losses (such as mastitis), in pets, studies are still few and rather recent.
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