Evaluation of NIN/RPN12 binding protein inhibits proliferation and growth in human renal cancer cells

Prognostic value of NOB1 expression levels in various cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: This study evaluates the prognostic significance of NOB1 expression levels in various cancers.Patients & methods: Studies examining NOB1 expression in cancer, encompassing data from 1694 patients across 14 studies, were analyzed for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) using hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs, and for clinicopathological parameters using relative risks (RRs).Results: High NOB1 expression correlated with shorter OS (HR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.82-2.48) and PFS (HR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.62-3.07) and was associated with adverse tumor characteristics such as stage and metastasis.Conclusion: Elevated NOB1 expression in various tumors signifies a poor prognosis, serving as a predictive marker for malignancy outcomes.PROSPERO Register Number: CRD42023394051.

NOB1: A Potential Biomarker or Target in Cancer

Human NIN1/RPN12 binding protein 1 homolog (NOB1), an RNA binding protein, is expressed ubiquitously in normal tissues such as the lung, liver, and spleen. Its core physiological function is to regulate protease activities and participate in maintaining RNA metabolism and stability. NOB1 is overexpressed in a variety of cancers, including pancreatic cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate carcinoma, osteosarcoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and glioma. Although existing data indicate that NOB1 overexpression is associated with cancer growth, invasion, and poor prognosis, the molecular mechanisms behind these effects and its exact roles remain unclear. Several studies have confirmed that NOB1 is clinically relevant in different cancers, and further research at the molecular level will help evaluate the role of NOB1 in tumors. NOB1 has become an attractive target in anticancer therapy because it is overexpressed in many cancers and mediates different stages of tumor development. Elucidating the role of NOB1 in different signaling pathways as a potential cancer treatment will provide new ideas for existing cancer treatment methods. This review summarizes the research progress made into NOB1 in cancer in the past decade; this information provides valuable clues and theoretical guidance for future anticancer therapy by targeting NOB1.

Analysis of Expression Pattern of snoRNAs in Different Cancer Types with Machine Learning Algorithms

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a new type of functional small RNAs involved in the chemical modifications of rRNAs, tRNAs, and small nuclear RNAs. It is reported that they play important roles in tumorigenesis via various regulatory modes. snoRNAs can both participate in the regulation of methylation and pseudouridylation and regulate the expression pattern of their host genes. This research investigated the expression pattern of snoRNAs in eight major cancer types in TCGA via several machine learning algorithms. The expression levels of snoRNAs were first analyzed by a powerful feature selection method, Monte Carlo feature selection (MCFS). A feature list and some informative features were accessed. Then, the incremental feature selection (IFS) was applied to the feature list to extract optimal features/snoRNAs, which can make the support vector machine (SVM) yield best performance. The discriminative snoRNAs included HBII-52-14, HBII-336, SNORD123, HBII-85-29, HBII-420, U3, HBI-43, SNORD116, SNORA73B, SCARNA4, HBII-85-20, etc., on which the SVM can provide a Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.881 for predicting these eight cancer types. On the other hand, the informative features were fed into the Johnson reducer and repeated incremental pruning to produce error reduction (RIPPER) algorithms to generate classification rules, which can clearly show different snoRNAs expression patterns in different cancer types. The analysis results indicated that extracted discriminative snoRNAs can be important for identifying cancer samples in different types and the expression pattern of snoRNAs in different cancer types can be partly uncovered by quantitative recognition rules.

Establishment of a Novel Monoclonal Antibody L6 Specific to NOB1

NOB1, a transcription-associated protein, may play important roles in the development of many cancers. In this study, we have efficiently generated one monoclonal antibody (MAb) against NOB1. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot were used to screen the hybridomas. As a result, one MAb named L6 (IgG1) effective in detecting the recombinant and the cellular NOB1 protein was characterized. Using L6, NOB1 was found to be upregulated in gastric cancer cells and tissues compared with normal gastric epithelial cells and nonneoplastic tissues. The expression of NOB1 was also found to be higher in multidrug-resistant gastric cancer cells than that of sensitive cells. This novel MAb will be valuable for investigating the role of NOB1 in carcinogenesis and multidrug resistance of gastric cancer.

NOB1 silencing inhibits the growth and metastasis of laryngeal cancer cells through the regulation of JNK signaling pathway

Nin one binding protein (NOB1) plays important roles in the synthesis and degradation of proteins, thus having effects on the cellular process. In the present study, the expression level of NOB1 in laryngeal cancer patients was detected by quantitative PCR and western blotting, and the effect of NOB1 on growth and metastasis of laryngeal cancer cells was explored. Silence of NOB1 was found to inhibit the proliferation of laryngeal cancer cells, arrest cell cycle and induce cell apoptosis. NOB1 silence was also found to inhibit the migration and invasion of laryngeal cancer cells and to downregulate the protein levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2 and MMP-9. Further mechanism study revealed that the JNK signaling pathway was involved in the function of NOB1. Our present results suggest that NOB1 plays an oncogenic role in laryngeal cancer cells through the regulation of JNK signaling pathway, and lays a theoretical foundation for further exploration of NOB1.

MiR-192 suppresses the tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells by targeting and inhibiting nin one binding protein

Nin one binding (NOB1) protein has been identified as an oncogene in various human cancers, including prostate cancer. MicroRNAs (miRs) have also been recognized as novel regulatory molecules of gene expression. The present study aimed to discover potential miRs that target NOB1 and regulate NOB1 expression in prostate cancer. miR-192, which is an important regulator of numerous cancers, was found to be significantly downregulated in prostate cancer cells. Moreover, we noted that miR-192 overexpression markedly inhibited the proliferation, colony‑forming ability, and migratory capacity of the prostate cancer cells. miR-192 overexpression also induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, as shown by flow cytometry. Bioinformatics analysis results revealed that NOB1 was a possible candidate target gene of miR-192. This discovery was further verified through dual‑luciferase reporter assay, RT-qPCR, and western blot analysis. We suggest that miR-192 directly regulates the mRNA and protein expression of NOB1. Furthermore, miR-192 inhibited the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. The results of our study indicated that miR-192 negatively regulated NOB1 expression and impaired the tumorigenicity of prostate cancer cells. Therefore, we suggest that targeting miR-192 and NOB1 is a novel strategy which will assist in the development of new therapeutics that will be used in the future to prevent and treat prostate cancer.