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Vachher M, Bansal S, Kumar B, Yadav S, Arora T, Wali NM, Burman A. Contribution of organokines in the development of NAFLD/NASH associated hepatocellular carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1553-1584. [PMID: 35818831 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Globally the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is on an upsurge. Evidence is accumulating that liver disorders like nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its more progressive form nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) are associated with increased risk of developing HCC. NAFLD has a prevalence of about 25% and 50%-90% in obese population. With the growing burden of obesity epidemic worldwide, HCC presents a major healthcare burden. While cirrhosis is one of the major risk factors of HCC, available literature suggests that NAFLD/NASH associated HCC also develops in minimum or noncirrhotic livers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to understand the pathogenesis and risk factors associated with NAFLD and NASH related HCC that would help in early diagnosis and favorable prognosis of HCC secondary to NAFLD. Adipokines, hepatokines and myokines are factors secreted by adipocytes, hepatocytes and myocytes, respectively, playing essential roles in cellular homeostasis, energy balance and metabolism with autocrine, paracrine and endocrine effects. In this review, we endeavor to focus on the role of these organokines in the pathogenesis of NAFLD/NASH and its progression to HCC to augment the understanding of the factors stimulating hepatocytes to acquire a malignant phenotype. This shall aid in the development of novel therapeutic strategies and tools for early diagnosis of NAFLD/NASH and HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Vachher
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Savita Bansal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Bhupender Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Taruna Arora
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Nalini Moza Wali
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Archana Burman
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Home Economics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Caviglia GP, Armandi A, Rosso C, Gaia S, Aneli S, Rolle E, Abate ML, Olivero A, Nicolosi A, Guariglia M, Ribaldone DG, Carucci P, Saracco GM, Bugianesi E. Biomarkers of Oncogenesis, Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Systemic Inflammation for the Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2305. [PMID: 34064999 PMCID: PMC8151983 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current surveillance strategy for patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) at risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development is unsatisfactory. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II), glypican-3 (GPC-3), adiponectin, leptin and interleukin-6 (IL-6), alone or in combination, for the discrimination between NAFLD patients with or without HCC. The biomarkers were investigated in a cohort of 191 NAFLD patients (median age 62, 54-68 years; 121 males and 70 females) with advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis, 72 of whom had a diagnosis of HCC. PIVKA-II showed the best performance for the detection of HCC with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.853, followed by adiponectin (AUC = 0.770), AFP (AUC = 0.763), GPC-3 (AUC = 0.759) and by IL-6 (AUC = 0.731), while the leptin values were not different between patients with and without HCC. The accuracy of the biomarkers' combination was assessed by a stratified cross-validation approach. The combination of age, gender, PIVKA-II, GPC-3 and adiponectin further improved the diagnostic accuracy (AUC = 0.948); the model correctly identified the 87% of the patients. In conclusion, we developed a model with excellent accuracy for the detection of HCC that may be useful to improve the surveillance of NAFLD patients at risk of tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gian Paolo Caviglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Angelo Armandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Chiara Rosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Silvia Gaia
- Gastroenterology Unit, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.G.); (E.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Serena Aneli
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Emanuela Rolle
- Gastroenterology Unit, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.G.); (E.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Maria Lorena Abate
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Antonella Olivero
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Aurora Nicolosi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Marta Guariglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Davide Giuseppe Ribaldone
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
| | - Patrizia Carucci
- Gastroenterology Unit, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.G.); (E.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Giorgio Maria Saracco
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
- Gastroenterology Unit, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.G.); (E.R.); (P.C.)
| | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Torino, Italy; (A.A.); (C.R.); (S.A.); (M.L.A.); (A.O.); (A.N.); (M.G.); (D.G.R.); (G.M.S.)
- Gastroenterology Unit, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, 10126 Torino, Italy; (S.G.); (E.R.); (P.C.)
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Zhang L, Yuan Q, Li M, Chai D, Deng W, Wang W. The association of leptin and adiponectin with hepatocellular carcinoma risk and prognosis: a combination of traditional, survival, and dose-response meta-analysis. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:1167. [PMID: 33256658 PMCID: PMC7708253 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07651-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies have focused on the association between leptin, adiponectin levels and the risk as well as the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. However, the reported results are conflicting. Methods A meta-analysis was performed to assess the correlation between leptin, adiponectin levels and risk and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (CRD42020195882). Through June 14, 2020, PubMed, Cochrane Library and EMBASE databases were searched, including references of qualifying articles. Titles, abstracts, and main texts were reviewed by at least 2 independent readers. Stata 16.0 was used to calculate statistical data. Results Thirty studies were included in this meta-analysis and results showed that hepatocellular carcinoma group had significantly higher leptin levels than the cancer-free control group (SMD = 1.83, 95% CI (1.09, 2.58), P = 0.000), the healthy control group (SMD = 4.32, 95% CI (2.41, 6.24), P = 0.000) and the cirrhosis group (SMD = 1.85, 95% CI (0.70, 3.01), P = 0.002). Hepatocellular carcinoma group had significantly higher adiponectin levels than the healthy control group (SMD = 1.57, 95% CI (0.37, 2.76), P = 0.010), but no statistical difference compared with the cancer-free control group (SMD = 0.24, 95% CI (− 0.35, 0.82), P = 0.430) and the cirrhosis group (SMD = − 0.51, 95% CI (− 1.30, 0.29), P = 0.213). The leptin rs7799039 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (G vs A: OR = 1.28, 95% CI (1.10, 1.48), P = 0.002). There were linear relationships between adiponectin levels and the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (OR = 1.066, 95% CI (1.03, 1.11), P = 0.001). In addition, the results showed that high/positive expression of adiponectin was significantly related to lower overall survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients (HR = 1.70, 95% CI (1.22, 2.37), P = 0.002); however, there was no significantly association between the leptin levels and overall survival (HR = 0.92, 95% CI (0.53, 1.59), P = 0.766). Conclusion The study shows that high leptin levels were associated with a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Adiponectin levels were proportional to hepatocellular carcinoma risk, and were related to the poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilong Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qihang Yuan
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Dongqi Chai
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhong Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Weixing Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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El-Daly UM, Saber MM, Abdellateif MS, Nassar HR, Namour AE, Ismail YM, Zekri ARN. The Possible Role of Adipokines in HCV Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:599-609. [PMID: 32212784 PMCID: PMC7437316 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.3.599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adipokines play an important role in the regulation of inflammation and tumor progression. Aim: Assessment of the possible role of adiponectin, leptin and visfatin in HCV associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: patients were classified into 85 patients with HCV associated HCC, 100 patients with chronic hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection compared to 50 normal control (NC) subjects. All subjects included in the study were assessed for HCV infection by seropositive HCV antibodies, as well as HCV RNA by RT-PCR. Serum levels of adiponectin, leptin and visfatin were assessed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The data were correlated to the relevant clinic-pathological features of the patients, and the overall survival (OS) rate. Results: There was a significant difference in the serum levels of adiponectin and visfatin among HCC, HCV and NC groups (P<0.001). The serum levels of leptin and alpha fetoprotein (AFP) were significantly higher in HCC group (P<0.001). There was a significant association between the serum level of adiponectin and advanced Child class liver cirrhosis (P=0.03), as well as with poor performance status (ECOG, P=0.02). Serum leptin associated significantly with the number of lesions in the liver (P=0.006), visfatin associated with increased mortality rate (P<0.001). Adiponectin, leptin and visfatin associated significantly with liver cirrhosis in HCV patients (P<0.01). Leptin achieved the highest sensitivity (98.8%). visfatin achieved the highest specificity (100%) and PPV (100%) for detection of HCC. The combination of serum leptin and visfatin for the diagnosis of HCV associated HCC showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy (100%, 96.6%, 93.4%, 100% and 97.4%; respectively). Conclusion: Adiponectin, leptin and visfatin have an important role(s) in the pathogenesis of HCV associated HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama M El-Daly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Damietta Oncology Center, Damietta,, Egypt
| | - Magdy M Saber
- Department of Medical Oncology and Malignant Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S Abdellateif
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Biology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan R Nassar
- Department of Medical Oncology and Malignant Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Alfred E Namour
- Department of Medical Oncology and Malignant Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yahia M Ismail
- Department of Medical Oncology and Malignant Hematology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdel-Rhaman N Zekri
- Molecular Virology and Immunology Unit, Department of Cancer Biology, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Shen J, Yeh CC, Wang Q, Gurvich I, Siegel AB, Santella RM. Plasma Adiponectin and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Survival Among Patients Without Liver Transplantation. Anticancer Res 2017; 36:5307-5314. [PMID: 27798893 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the levels of leptin and adiponectin in prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) survival among patients without liver transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We measured pretreatment plasma leptin and adiponectin in 172 HCC cases who were prospectively followed-up over 7 years. RESULTS Gender, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, high body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus (DM) history and Child-Pugh (CP) class were associated with leptin and adiponectin levels, while α-fetoprotein (AFP) and presence of metastasis, being outside the Milan criteria and Barcelona clinic liver cancer (BCLC) stage, were significantly associated with liver transplantation and HCC survival. No significant association was observed for leptin or adiponectin and HCC survival in the overall group. In subgroup analyses among those without liver transplantation, we found significant associations between metastasis, Milan criteria, BCLC stage, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCC survival. When separately determining the Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves by liver transplantation status, higher adiponectin was significantly associated with an increased hazard ratio (HR) of death of 1.72 (95% confidence interval (CI)=1.12-2.64), i.e. poor survival among patients without liver transplantation. A multivariate Cox proportional hazard model, including adiponectin, CP class, presence of metastasis, tumor outside of Milan criteria, AFP and BCLC stage B/C parameters, also showed significant association with poor HCC survival (likelihood ratio test p<0.0001). No significant impact was observed for leptin on HCC survival regardless of liver transplantation status. CONCLUSION Higher levels of plasma adiponectin may predict poor HCC survival among patients without liver transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Shen
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A. .,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - Chih-Ching Yeh
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A.,School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Qiao Wang
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - Irina Gurvich
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - Abby B Siegel
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A.,Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, U.S.A
| | - Regina M Santella
- Departments of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, New York, NY, U.S.A
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Ye J, Liang Z, Liang Q, Zhang J, Mao S, Liang R. Adiponectin is associated with poor prognosis in carcinoma patients: evidence from a meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:154. [PMID: 26612049 PMCID: PMC4661958 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0157-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Studies have come to conflicting conclusions about whether adiponectin (APN) expression is associated with cancer prognosis. To help resolve this question, we meta-analyzed the available evidence. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, the Chinese Biological Medical Database and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database were systematically searched to identify all eligible studies examining APN expression and prognosis for patients with any type of cancer. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CIs) related to overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) were calculated. Results Ten studies involving 999 patients were meta-analyzed. Analysis across all patients revealed no significant association between high/positive APN expression and DFS, but they did show a significant association between high/positive APN expression and OS (HR 1.51, 95 %CI 1.21 to 1.89). Subgroup analysis showed that high/positive APN expression in non-Asians was significantly associated with both DFS (HR 1.36, 95 % CI 1.03 to 1.80) and OS (HR 1.53, 95 %CI 1.20 to 1.96), but no such associations were observed in Asians. In addition, high/positive APN expression was significantly associated with OS across all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HR 1.89, 95 %CI 1.20 to 2.98). Conclusions The available evidence suggests that high/positive APN expression is associated with poor prognosis for patients with various carcinomas, especially for non-Asian cancer patients and for all patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. These findings should be confirmed and extended in large, well-designed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Ye
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 71, Hedi Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China.
| | - Zhongguo Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 71, Hedi Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China
| | - Qian Liang
- Graduate School of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jinyan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 71, Hedi Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China
| | - Sufei Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 71, Hedi Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Cancer Institute, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 71, Hedi Road, Nanning, Guangxi, 530021, P.R. China.
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