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Abdulkadir I, Slusher TM. Neonatal Eye Shielding during Phototherapy: What Protects the Eye Better? J Trop Pediatr 2021; 67:6456450. [PMID: 34878540 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phototherapy remains an important component of the management of unconjugated neonatal jaundice, a major cause of newborn morbidity. During phototherapy the toxic unconjugated form of bilirubin is converted to nontoxic form through action of light delivered by phototherapy. An important possible complication of phototherapy is retinal damage and therefore eye protective measures are taken during therapy to prevent this from occurring. Devices currently in use for phototherapy are capable of providing intensive phototherapy with the attendant increased risk of eye injury. The materials used in providing eye protection are varied among care providers. A dearth of information exists on shielding provided by the commonly used eye protectors during phototherapy, more so during intensive phototherapy. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the shielding provided by the different eye protectors commonly used in our setting under intensive phototherapy. MATERIALS AND METHOD Five materials in use for eye shielding were obtained. Using an institutional built light emitting diode phototherapy device, intensive phototherapy was provided and the irradiance at varying distances of 35 cm, 25 cm, 15 cm and 10 cm was measured using an Olympic bili meterTM Natus. At the distance of each measured irradiance the different eye protective materials were then placed one after the other over the surface of the measuring sensor of the meter and the irradiance measurement was recorded. Two measurements were taken for each material at each distance and the average irradiance measurement was then recorded for each of the materials tested at that distance. RESULTS Five eye shielding materials in use were identified: black cotton fabric, white cotton fabric, black cotton fabric with foam, white cotton fabric with foam and gauze. The black cotton fabric with or without foam at the phototherapy device irradiances of 30, 46.3, 58.7 and 75.4 µw/m2/nm recorded 0 irradiance. CONCLUSION Black cotton fabric with or without foam pad provided the most shielding under intensive phototherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isa Abdulkadir
- Neonatal Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, Ahmadu Bello University/Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Kaduna State 810107, Nigeria
| | - Tina M Slusher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota & Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN 55415, USA
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Diala UM, Ofakunrin AO, Toma BO, Shwe DD, Yilgwan CS, Bode-Thomas F. Factors influencing irradiance of locally fabricated phototherapy devices in Jos, north-central Nigeria. Trop Doct 2017; 48:142-146. [PMID: 29153050 DOI: 10.1177/0049475517740491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Locally fabricated phototherapy devices (LFPDs) are widely used in Nigeria for the treatment of neonatal jaundice. Ours was a cross-sectional observational study of all LFPDs in major hospitals in Jos between January and March 2015. We evaluated a total of 24 LFPDs. The irradiance at the level of the baby was in the range of 2-23.9 µW/cm2/nm. Fourteen devices had the recommended irradiance of ≥10 µW/cm2/nm and none had irradiance in the intensive range. Decreasing distance from the baby, presence of reflectors and increasing number of flourecent tubes significantly contributed to higher irradiance. A combination of six tubes, presence of reflectors and a distance of 10 cm from the baby produced a mean irradiance of 23.40 µW/cm2/nm. The irradiance of LFPDs varies widely and can be improved by simple modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udochukwu M Diala
- 1 Lecturer, Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.,2 Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Akinyemi Od Ofakunrin
- 1 Lecturer, Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.,2 Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Bose O Toma
- 2 Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.,3 Senior lecturer, Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - David D Shwe
- 2 Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.,3 Senior lecturer, Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Christopher S Yilgwan
- 2 Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.,3 Senior lecturer, Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
| | - Fidelia Bode-Thomas
- 2 Consultant Paediatrician, Department of Paediatrics, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.,4 Professor, Department of Paediatrics, University of Jos, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria
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