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Hu U, Sun Y, Yang G, Liu M, Gao Y, Lin L, Cao Y, Liu W, Huo Y, Liu J, Li Q. Spring festival firework activities exacerbate toxic effects of aerosol essential components. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2025; 490:137874. [PMID: 40056525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2024] [Revised: 03/05/2025] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 03/10/2025]
Abstract
Fireworks cause short-term deterioration of air quality but related health effects remain unclear. This study evaluated the impact of typical fireworks on the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols and their toxic effects during the Chinese Spring Festival (SF). The concentrations of firework-related water-soluble ions, metallic elements, organic carbon, and elemental carbon during the SF are 1.1-80.7, 1.8-49.1, 3.8-4.9, and 2.0-2.4 times higher than those in background period, respectively. The firework source contributes about 54.6 % to the mass of PM2.5 during the SF period based on positive matrix factorization model. The concentrations of characteristic contaminants associated with fireworks, including Ba, Cr, Ni, benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), and benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), exceeded the regional screening level thresholds by 2.2-29.0 times. The toxicity of eye irritation, skin sensitization, drug-induced liver injury, carcinogenicity, and ames dominated the toxicity equivalent quantities of the sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and are 7.5-10.3 times higher than the background levels in D-SF period. The BaP and BbF showed high percentage (60.9 %-63.1 %) among these mainly toxicities due to their relatively high mass concentrations and toxic equivalency factors. Our findings indicate that it is essential to control fireworks display activities to enhance air quality and protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uudam Hu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Inner Mongolia Environmental Monitoring Center Hohhot Sub-Station, Hohhot 010030, China
| | - Guoqing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Mingqi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yue Gao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Liu Lin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yingnan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
| | - Yaoqiang Huo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China.
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation at Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China.
| | - Qing Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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Nanda N, Hauser B, Heatley D, Balasubramaniam V, Barreda CB. An unwitnessed case of foreign body aspiration of barium from an unknown source. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 138:110355. [PMID: 33152958 PMCID: PMC7467096 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Foreign body (FB) aspiration is potentially life-threatening in children. A variety of sources and objects have been noted in aspiration events with possible complications ranging from mild to life-threatening. While rare, barium aspiration can cause severe complications, and removal is particularly challenging. Complications of retained barium include acute respiratory distress syndrome, pneumonitis, sepsis, even death. Regardless of the foreign body's identity, substance removal is critical in management. Resourcefulness of removal techniques and an interdisciplinary approach may allow for maximally effective management. We present a case of a pediatric barium aspiration from an unknown source and review evaluation and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nainika Nanda
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Brady Hauser
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Diane Heatley
- Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Stanley MK, Kelers K, Boller E, Boller M. Acute barium poisoning in a dog after ingestion of handheld fireworks (party sparklers). J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2019; 29:201-207. [DOI: 10.1111/vec.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Monique K. Stanley
- U‐Vet Animal HospitalFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Melbourne Werribee Australia
| | - Kylie Kelers
- U‐Vet Animal HospitalFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Melbourne Werribee Australia
| | - Elise Boller
- U‐Vet Animal HospitalFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Melbourne Werribee Australia
| | - Manuel Boller
- U‐Vet Animal HospitalFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of Melbourne Werribee Australia
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Bhoelan BS, Stevering CH, van der Boog ATJ, van der Heyden MAG. Barium toxicity and the role of the potassium inward rectifier current. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2014; 52:584-93. [DOI: 10.3109/15563650.2014.923903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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