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Esmeeta A, Adhikary S, Dharshnaa V, Swarnamughi P, Ummul Maqsummiya Z, Banerjee A, Pathak S, Duttaroy AK. Plant-derived bioactive compounds in colon cancer treatment: An updated review. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113384. [PMID: 35820317 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is the third most predominant cancer caused by genetic, environmental and nutritional factors. Plant-based compounds are very well known to regress colon cancer in many ways, like delaying tumor growth, managing chemotherapy and radiation therapy side-effects, and working at the molecular levels. Medicinal plants contain many bioactive phytochemicals such as flavonoids, polyphenol compounds, caffeic acid, catechins, saponins, polysaccharides, triterpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol and luteolin glycosides, carnosic acid, oleanolic acid, rosmarinic acid, emodin, and eugenol and anthricin. These bioactive compounds can reduce tumor cell proliferation via several mechanisms, such as blocking cell cycle checkpoints and promoting apoptosis through activating initiator and executioner caspase. Traditional medicines have been used globally to treat cancers because of their anti-cancer effects, antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory properties, anti-mutagenic effects, and anti-angiogenic effects. In addition, these medicines effectively suppress early and intermediate stages of carcinogenesis when administered in their active and pure form. However, traditional medicine is not very popular due to some critical challenges. These include poor solubility and absorption of these compounds, intellectual property-related issues, involvement of drug synergism, absence of drug-likeness, and unsure protocols for their extraction from the plant source. Using bioactive compounds in colon cancer has equal advantages and limitations. This review highlights the benefits and challenges of using bioactive compounds derived from plants for colon cancer. We have also discussed using these compounds to target cancer stem cell self-renewal, its effects on cancer cell metabolism, safety parameters, easy modulation, and their bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Esmeeta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - Subhamay Adhikary
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Sector 125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201301, India
| | - V Dharshnaa
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - P Swarnamughi
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Z Ummul Maqsummiya
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Antara Banerjee
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India
| | - Surajit Pathak
- Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute (CHRI), Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chennai, India.
| | - Asim K Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
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Li Y, Lu YY, Jia J, Fang M, Zhao L, Jiang Y, Shi Y, Tu PF, Guo XY. A Novel System for Evaluating the Inhibition Effect of Drugs on Cytochrome P450 Enzymes in vitro Based on Human-Induced Hepatocytes (hiHeps). Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:748658. [PMID: 34776966 PMCID: PMC8580884 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.748658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) is the most important phase I drug-metabolizing enzyme, and the effect of drugs on CYP enzymes can lead to decreased pharmacological efficacy or enhanced toxicity of drugs, but there are many deficiencies in the evaluation models of CYP enzymes in vitro. Human-induced hepatocytes (hiHeps) derived from human fibroblasts by transdifferentiation have mature hepatocyte characteristics. The aim was to establish a novel evaluation system for the effect of drugs on CYP3A4, 1A2, 2B6, 2C9, and 2C19 in vitro based on hiHeps. Curcumin can inhibit many CYP enzymes in vitro, and so the inhibition of curcumin on CYP enzymes was compared by human liver microsomes, human hepatocytes, and hiHeps using UPLC-MS and the cocktail method. The results showed that the IC50 values of CYP enzymes in the hiHeps group were similar to those in the hepatocytes group, which proved the effectiveness and stability of the novel evaluation system in vitro. Subsequently, the evaluation system was applied to study the inhibitory activity of notoginseng total saponins (NS), safflower total flavonoids (SF), and the herb pair of NS–SF on five CYP enzymes. The mechanism of improving efficacy after NS and SF combined based on CYP enzymes was elucidated in vitro. The established evaluation system will become a powerful tool for the research of the effect of drugs on the activity of CYP enzymes in vitro, which has broad application prospects in drug research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Yuan Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Fang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Stem Cell Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Fei Tu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Combining HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS and HPLC-SPE-NMR to Monitor In Vitro Vitetrifolin D Phase I and II Metabolism. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11080529. [PMID: 34436470 PMCID: PMC8400717 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
By combining HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS and HPLC-SPE-NMR, the in vitro metabolism of vitetrifolin D, a pharmacologically active key molecule from Vitex agnus-castus in liver cell fractions, was investigated. Twenty-seven phase I and phase II metabolites were tentatively identified from the culture broth by HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS. The subsequent HPLC-SPE-NMR analysis allowed for the unequivocal structural characterization of nine phase I metabolites. Since the preparative isolation of the metabolites was avoided, the substance input was much lower than in conventional strategies. The study did prove that the use of hyphenated instrumental analysis methodologies allows for the successful performance of in vitro metabolism studies, even if the availability of substances is very limited.
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Lang X, Chen Z, Yang X, Yan Q, Xu M, Liu W, He Q, Zhang Y, Cheng W, Zhao W. Scutellarein induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion in ovarian cancer via inhibition of EZH2/FOXO1 signaling. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22870. [PMID: 34350670 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Scutellarein, a flavone found in the perennial herb Scutellaria baicalensis, has antitumorigenic activity in multiple human cancers. However, whether scutellarein can attenuate ovarian cancer (OC) is unclear. This study investigated the effects of scutellarein in OC. In vitro cell viability was assessed using MTT assay whereas proliferation was assessed using 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine and colony formation assays. Cell apoptosis was detected by an Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide assay. Wound-healing and Transwell assays were used to determine cell migration and invasion. The differential expression of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1) was measured by Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis. We found that scutellarein inhibited viability, migration, invasion of A2780 and SKOV-3 cells, and reduced the expression of EZH2 in OC cells. In addition, FOXO1 was downregulated in OC tissues and cells and negatively regulated by EZH2. Also, scutellarein inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. In conclusion, scutellarein alleviates OC by the regulation of EZH2/FOXO1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Lang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Chen
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingyu Yang
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Manfei Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiwei Cheng
- The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Municipal Key Clinical Specialty, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxia Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Magnetic Nanomaterials in Chinese Medicine Chemical Composition Analysis and Drug Metabolism and Its Industry Prospect and Development Path Research. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/1234269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The paramagnetism and superparamagnetism of magnetic nanomaterials are very important for in vivo applications. The magnetic particles with paramagnetism or superparamagnetism can redistribute the magnetic particles after the magnetic field is withdrawn, which is widely used for the separation and purification of biomolecules. At the same time, superparamagnetic particles can also be used as MRI imaging contrast agent. Compared with Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine is different from Western medicine in that it is originated from nature and has thousands of years of clinical efficacy. Therefore, we hope to elaborate the complex mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine through some modern technical means: through the establishment of relevant quality control system, Chinese medicine will be recognized and popularized in the international field. Therefore, this paper discusses the application of magnetic nanomaterials in the chemical composition analysis and drug metabolism of traditional Chinese medicine and its industrial prospect and development path. Firstly, the advantages of magnetic nanomaterials and the shortcomings of chemical composition analysis technology of traditional Chinese medicine are analyzed theoretically. Then, through the experimental simulation, the results show that, under the optimal conditions, the magnetic nanomaterials can be used to analyze the chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine. The peak current and concentration of THP showed a good linear relationship in the range of 5.2 × 10−8 ∼ 2.1 × 10−5 mol/L, and the detection limit was 1.9 × 10−7 mol/L. Moreover, it showed effective results in repeatability, stability, and interference tests. Therefore, magnetic nanomaterials play an important role in the chemical composition analysis and drug metabolism of traditional Chinese medicine as well as its industrial prospect and development path.
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Lopes Neto JJ, de Almeida TS, Gonçalves de Lima RDC, Dos Santos Nunes RG, de Lima Silva JR, de Almeida LL, Kamdem JP, Carvalho AFU. Metabolic aspects of phenolic compounds from Triplaris gardneriana seeds in the management of oxidative stress. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:1026-1033. [PMID: 32393135 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1767126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Considering the limited number of studies that analyze the behavior of plant preparations in human body, this study aimed to characterize the phenolic compounds from Triplaris gardneriana extract (EETg) in terms of antioxidant and metabolic aspects, integrating in vitro, in silico and in vivo strategies.Methods: EETg was analyzed in relation to polyphenols release from the plant matrix under in vitro digestion, as well as the pharmacokinetic prediction of their major compounds by in silico simulation and understanding of its in vivo antioxidant effect in an alternative animal model.Results: About 35.22% of polyphenols from EETg proved to be accessible after enzymatic hydrolysis. A kinetics study showed that 40% of the total content of these phytochemicals was released from the extract accompanied by increased antioxidant capacity after 180 min of gastrointestinal simulation. A computational approach revealed that 7 out of 9 major phenolic compounds of EETg showed good pharmacokinetic parameters such as intestinal absorption and bioavailability score. In addition, the extract showed a protective effect on copper-induced oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster, evidenced by the restoration of basal levels of thiol and malondialdehyde contents. These biochemical observations were supported by the examination of histological features of D. melanogaster brain.Conclusion: It was demonstrated that the oral administration of EETg would provide phenolic compounds partially absorbable by the human gut and capable of providing health benefits associated with the inhibition of oxidative stress. Additionally, the results highlight the need to implement new approaches for the rational development of plant-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Joaquim Lopes Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Thiago Silva de Almeida
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Jean Paul Kamdem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Regional University of Cariri, Crato, Brazil
| | - Ana Fontenele Urano Carvalho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Department of Biology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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