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Shirdar MR, Taheri MM, Qi ML, Gohery S, Farajpour N, Narayanan S, Foroozan T, Sharifi-Asl S, Shahbazian-Yassar R, Shokuhfar T. Optimization of the Mechanical Properties and the Cytocompatibility for the PMMA Nanocomposites Reinforced with the Hydroxyapatite Nanofibers and the Magnesium Phosphate Nanosheets. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:5893. [PMID: 34640291 PMCID: PMC8510305 DOI: 10.3390/ma14195893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Commercial poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based cement is currently used in the field of orthopedics. However, it suffers from lack of bioactivity, mechanical weakness, and monomer toxicity. In this study, a PMMA-based cement nanocomposite reinforced with hydroxyapatite (HA) nanofibers and two-dimensional (2D) magnesium phosphate MgP nanosheets was synthesized and optimized in terms of mechanical property and cytocompatibility. The HA nanofibers and the MgP nanosheets were synthesized using a hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation method and tuning the crystallization of the sodium-magnesium-phosphate ternary system, respectively. Compressive strength and MTT assay tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical property and the cytocompatibility of the PMMA-HA-MgP nanocomposites prepared at different ratios of HA and MgP. To optimize the developed nanocomposites, the standard response surface methodology (RSM) design known as the central composite design (CCD) was employed. Two regression models generated by CCD were analyzed and compared with the experimental results, and good agreement was observed. Statistical analysis revealed the significance of both factors, namely, the HA nanofibers and the MgP nanosheets, in improving the compressive strength and cell viability of the PMMA-MgP-HA nanocomposite. Finally, it was demonstrated that the HA nanofibers of 7.5% wt and the MgP nanosheets of 6.12% wt result in the PMMA-HA-MgP nanocomposite with the optimum compressive strength and cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Rezazadeh Shirdar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (M.R.S.); (M.M.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Taheri
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (M.R.S.); (M.M.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Mei-Li Qi
- School of Transportation Civil Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Jinan, 250357, China;
| | - Scott Gohery
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Nasim Farajpour
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.-A.)
| | - Surya Narayanan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (M.R.S.); (M.M.T.); (S.N.)
| | - Tara Foroozan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Soroosh Sharifi-Asl
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (N.F.); (S.S.-A.)
| | - Reza Shahbazian-Yassar
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA;
| | - Tolou Shokuhfar
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; (M.R.S.); (M.M.T.); (S.N.)
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Electrophoretic Deposition of Graphene Oxide Nanosheets on Copper Pipe for Corrosion Protection. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Shah AM, Kadir MRA, Razak SIA. Novel PLA-Based Conductive Polymer Composites for Biomedical Applications. JOM 2017; 69:2838-2843. [DOI: 10.1007/s11837-017-2577-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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