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Kurniawan AL, Hsu CY, Lee HA, Rau HH, Paramastri R, Syauqy A, Chao JCJ. Comparing two methods for deriving dietary patterns associated with risk of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and elderly Taiwanese adults with impaired kidney function. BMC Med Res Methodol 2020; 20:255. [PMID: 33054793 PMCID: PMC7559471 DOI: 10.1186/s12874-020-01142-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary patterns were associated with the risk of chronic disease development and outcome-related diseases. In this study, we aimed to compare the correlation between dietary patterns and metabolic syndrome (MetS) using two methods for identifying dietary patterns. Methods The participants (n = 25,569) aged ≥40 years with impaired kidney function were retrieved from Mei Jau (MJ) Health Screening database from 2008 to 2010. Dietary patterns were identified by principal component analysis (PCA) and reduced rank regression (RRR) from twenty-two food groups using PROC FACTOR and PROC PLS functions. Results We identified two similar dietary pattern characteristics (high intakes of deep fried foods, preserved or processed foods, dipping sauce, meat, sugary drinks, organ meats, jam/honey, fried rice/flour products, instant noodles and eggs) derived by PCA and RRR. Logistic regression analysis revealed that RRR-derived dietary pattern scores were positively associated with an odds ratio (OR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.56, 1.86) of having MetS than PCA-derived dietary pattern scores (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.27, 1.51). The correlations between RRR-derived dietary pattern scores and elevated systolic and diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.30 for both) or low high density lipoprotein cholesterol in women (OR = 1.32) were statistically significant but not significant in PCA-derived dietary pattern scores. Conclusions Our findings suggest that RRR gives better results when studying behavior related dietary patterns in association with MetS. RRR may be more preferable to provide dietary information for developing dietary guidelines among people with MetS. Further studies with prospective measurements are needed to verify whether RRR is a useful analytic tool for the association between dietary patterns and other chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Lukas Kurniawan
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Research Center for Healthcare Industry Innovation, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming-Te Road, Peitou District, Taipei, 11219, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Yeh Hsu
- Department of Information Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, 365 Ming-Te Road, Peitou District, Taipei, 11219, Taiwan.,Master Program in Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-An Lee
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, 151 Yingzhuan Road, Tamsui District, New Taipei, 25137, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hsien Rau
- Joint Commission of Taiwan, 31 Sec.2 Sanmin Road, Banqiao District 220, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Rathi Paramastri
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ahmad Syauqy
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.,Department of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. H. Soedarto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang City, Central Java, 50275, Indonesia
| | - Jane C-J Chao
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Master Program in Global Health and Development, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. .,Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, 252 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
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Dietary patterns interact with the variations of 18q21.23 rs17782313 locus on regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary axis hormones and cardio-metabolic risk factors in obesity. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:1447-1459. [PMID: 32016782 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-00855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence shows the role of polymorphisms in rs17782313 MC4R gene with increased risk of obesity in Asians adult. In the current report, we investigated the interaction between rs17782313 MC4R gene and major dietary patterns on α-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH), Agouti-related peptide (AgRP), serum lipids and blood pressure among obese individuals. METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed in 288 obese adults between 20 and 50 years of age. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical assays were conducted with standard methods. To evaluate appetite, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used. Dietary patterns were obtained by principal component analysis (PCA). Genotyping of rs17782313 was assessed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. RESULTS Three major dietary patterns were extracted: Prudent Dietary Pattern (PDP), Legume Dietary Pattern (LDP) and Mixed Dietary Pattern (MDP). Higher PDP score was associated with reduced SBP and insulin concentration while highest MDP score was associated with lower TG concentration (P < 0.05). Significant interactions were observed between higher adherence to PDP and rs17782313 CC genotype on increased SBP (PInteraction = 0.04), serum insulin (PInteraction = 0.05) and AgRP (PInteraction = 0.03) and also between higher adherence to MDP and CC genotype of rs17782313 on reduced serum TG (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the current study showed that being on CC genotype of rs17782313 polymorphism made obese individuals more prone to have higher SBP, insulin and AgRP even in highest adherence to PDP. However, adherence to MDP could attenuate the risky effects of being on CC genotype of rs17782313 by reducing serum TG concentrations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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