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McDonald J, Oravic M, Wardell W, Lee W. Open Reduction and Internal Fixation vs Primary Tibiotalocalcaneal Hindfoot Nailing for Ankle Fractures in Elderly Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Foot Ankle Int 2025:10711007251325841. [PMID: 40219867 DOI: 10.1177/10711007251325841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current literature lacks comprehensive information comparing primary tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) hindfoot nailing and open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) in the ankle fractures in the elderly population. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate and compare the clinical outcomes of 2 surgical techniques, primary TTC nailing and ORIF, for ankle fractures in the elderly. METHODS Our comprehensive literature review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and used databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Data investigated in this study included total infection, deep infection, superficial infection, hardware problems such as painful hardware, and hardware protrusion/pullout, nonunion/delayed union, reoperation, length of stay, and return to preoperative mobility level. RESULTS Total 5 studies were included in this study. In aggregate, 127 patients (42.9%) underwent TTC nailing, whereas 169/296 patients (57.1%) underwent ORIF. A lower rate of superficial infection was reported for the TTC nailing group: 2.1% (2/95) in TTC nailing vs 10.2% (14/137) in ORIF, with a relative ratio of 0.26 (95% CI, 0.08-0.85). The other outcome measures were not significantly different between groups. CONCLUSION Based on our review of these studies that reported mostly early follow-up data, it appears that primary TTC nailing may be a viable alternative to ORIF for ankle fracture fixation in the elderly population. However, these findings should be interpreted cautiously because of heterogeneity across the included studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- John McDonald
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - Michael Oravic
- Geisinger Commonwealth School of Medicine, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - William Wardell
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guthrie Clinic, Sayre, PA, USA
| | - Wonyong Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Guthrie Clinic, Sayre, PA, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Singh A, Kumar A, Kale SY, Prakash S, Kumar V. Rehabilitation After Lower Limb Fracture Fixation in Osteoporotic Bone. Indian J Orthop 2025; 59:405-413. [PMID: 40201920 PMCID: PMC11973032 DOI: 10.1007/s43465-024-01325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2024] [Accepted: 11/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2025]
Abstract
Background Osteoporotic fractures, particularly in the lower limbs, are a significant health burden, especially in elderly patients. With an increasing aging population globally, effective fracture fixation and rehabilitation are critical to restoring mobility and reducing complications. Objectives This study aims to review rehabilitation approaches following lower limb fracture fixation in osteoporotic bones, emphasizing the biomechanics of fracture fixation and post-surgical rehabilitation. Methods A detailed analysis of current surgical techniques for fixing osteoporotic fractures is presented, including internal fixation strategies, the use of implants, and their biomechanical performance. In addition, rehabilitation protocols post-surgery are reviewed to highlight early mobilization strategies and their impact on recovery outcomes. Results The review highlights that, despite challenges posed by osteoporotic bone quality, advancements in surgical implants and fixation techniques allow for stable fracture management. Early mobilization, while previously controversial, is increasingly supported by recent evidence, showing improved functional outcomes and reduced complications, particularly in elderly patients. Conclusions Early rehabilitation and weight-bearing strategies play a pivotal role in restoring function after osteoporotic fractures of the lower limbs. This review advocates for tailored rehabilitation protocols, considering patient age, fracture type, and the mechanical stability of the fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akashdeep Singh
- Department of Orthopaedics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar
- Sharnya Multispeciality Hospital, Burdwan (E), 713103 West Bengal India
| | - Sachin Yashwant Kale
- Department of Orthopaedics, Dr DY Patil School of Medicine, Nerul, Navi Mumbai, 400708 India
| | - Suraj Prakash
- National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, Munirka, New Delhi, 110067 India
| | - Vishal Kumar
- Department of Orthopaedics, PGIMER, Chandigarh, 160012 India
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Kotsarinis G, Santolini E, Kanakaris N, Giannoudis PV. The outcomes of the management of complex distal tibia and ankle fractures in elderly with tibiotalocalcaneal nail in a minimum 12-month follow-up period. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 2024; 34:2723-2728. [PMID: 38762622 PMCID: PMC11291519 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-024-03970-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical outcomes of the use of tibiotalocalcaneal nail for the treatment of complex distal tibia and ankle fractures in elderly people, in a major trauma centre. METHODS Elderly patients (age > 65) with distal tibia or ankle fractures that underwent stabilization with a tibiotalocalcaneal nail were eligible to participate. Exclusion criteria were patients that died or were lost to follow-up and cases in which the nail was used in a chronic setting, such as malunion and non-union. Main parameters evaluated were fracture union, complications and functional outcomes. The functional outcome was assessed using the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score (OMAS). The minimum follow-up was 12 months. RESULTS Thirty-two consecutive patients (12 males) with a mean age of 80.2 years (range 66-98) met the inclusion criteria and formed the basis of this study. Fracture union was achieved in 93.8% of the cases at a mean time of 3.9 months (range 2-8). Two patients developed surgical site infections and underwent reoperation before union. The overall complication rate was 25.1%, while the respective reintervention rate was 18.8%. In terms of functional outcomes, the mean OMAS score was 45, ranging from 20 to 70. CONCLUSION Tibiotalocalcaneal nailing can be considered as an acceptable less invasive option with good functional outcomes for the treatment of complex distal tibia and ankle fractures in frail patients with problematic local soft tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Kotsarinis
- Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Clarendon Wing, Leeds General Infirmary, University of Leeds, Floor D, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK
| | - Emanuele Santolini
- Orthopaedics and Trauma Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Kanakaris
- Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Clarendon Wing, Leeds General Infirmary, University of Leeds, Floor D, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK
| | - Peter V Giannoudis
- Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Clarendon Wing, Leeds General Infirmary, University of Leeds, Floor D, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK.
- NIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Center, Chapel Allerton Hospital, Leeds, UK.
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4
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Rinonapoli G, Donantoni M, Ceccarini P, Caraffa A. Analysis of Operated Ankle Fractures in Elderly Patients: Are They All Osteoporotic? APPLIED SCIENCES 2024; 14:3787. [DOI: 10.3390/app14093787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2025]
Abstract
Background: Osteoporosis represents a global problem, which involves high risks of disability and death due to the consequences of fragility fractures. The aim of our study is to verify what type of relationship there is between ankle fractures and osteoporosis. Specifically, we aim to understand how the clinical and anamnestic characteristics of patients, along with the radiographic features of these fractures, may contribute to considering them as osteoporotic fractures. Methods: The study group includes 51 consecutive patients aged 60 years or older operated for ankle fracture from May to October 2022. The fractures were divided into uni-, bi-, or trimalleolar based on the plain X-rays. All patients underwent femoral and vertebral bone mineralometry by DXA associated with the FRAX questionnaire. Results: Ankle fractures in the elderly were associated with reduced BMD (76.5% of the total patients examined, 83.8% considering only women) and low-energy traumas (82%). Furthermore, these fractures present features of increased complexity as bone mass decreases. Conclusions: Ankle fractures in the elderly exhibit characteristics that suggest a relationship with bone fragility. For these reasons, it might be advisable to initiate a comprehensive fracture risk assessment in elderly patients who experience an ankle fracture. These fractures should not be underrated, and antiresorptive therapy must always be taken into consideration when selecting patients at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Rinonapoli
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Unit, University of Perugia, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, P.le G. Menghini 3, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Donantoni
- Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Ceccarini
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Unit, University of Perugia, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, P.le G. Menghini 3, 06156 Perugia, Italy
| | - Auro Caraffa
- Orthopedic and Traumatology Unit, University of Perugia, “Santa Maria della Misericordia” Hospital, P.le G. Menghini 3, 06156 Perugia, Italy
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Hasan YO, Bourget-Murray J, Page P, Penn-Barwell JG, Handley R. Tibiotalar nailing using an antegrade intramedullary tibial nail: a salvage procedure for unstable distal tibia and ankle fractures in the frail elderly patient. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 2024; 34:847-852. [PMID: 37742301 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
AIM This article describes the technique of tibiotalar nailing performed using an antegrade tibial nail for salvage of distal tibia and ankle fractures in elderly patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS We report indications, surgical technique, and the clinical outcomes and complication rate in our series to date. A retrospective review was performed at our level 1 major trauma centre. Patient demographics, comorbidities, and 12-month post-operative course were collected. Fractures were classified using the OTA/AO and modified Gustilo-Anderson classification. Fifteen patients underwent the procedure. We present data with a minimum 12-month follow-up. The median age of the patients in this cohort was 83 years (range, 51-102). Five patients were diabetic. Six patients (6/15; 40%) presented with an open fracture. RESULTS At final follow-up, fourteen patients reported painless walking and had returned to baseline activity. CONCLUSION This technique may serve as a salvage procedure, with indications similar to those for tibio-talar-calcaneal arthrodesis. Indications would include non-constructible pilon fractures, comminuted intra-articular fractures in low-demand patients, or patients at high risk of wound complications. LEVEL OF CLINICAL EVIDENCE 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Omran Hasan
- Oxford Trauma Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Orthopaedic Department, Salmaniya Medical Complex, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.
| | - Jonathan Bourget-Murray
- Oxford Trauma Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Royal Inland Hospital, Kamloops, Canada
| | - Piers Page
- Oxford Trauma Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jowan G Penn-Barwell
- Oxford Trauma Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Handley
- Oxford Trauma Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals, Oxford, United Kingdom
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So E, Juels C, Scott RT, Sietsema DL. A Comparison of Ankle Fractures Relative to Other Fragility Fractures: A Review and Analysis of the American Orthopaedic Association's Own the Bone Database. Foot Ankle Int 2023; 44:879-887. [PMID: 37300238 DOI: 10.1177/10711007231178536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankle fragility fractures (AFX) continue to increase in the elderly population. There is limited knowledge of AFX characteristics compared to nonankle fragility fractures (NAFX). The American Orthopaedic Association's Own the Bone (OTB) is a fragility fracture initiative. This robust data set was used to examine and compare characteristics of patients presenting with AFX to those with NAFX. METHODS The OTB database contained 72,617 fragility fractures between January 2009 and March of 2022 and were reviewed in our secondary cohort comparative analysis. After exclusions, AFX accounted for 3229 patients and 54,772 patients were in the NAFX cohort. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression compared the AFX and NAFX groups concerning demographics, bone health factors, medication use, and prior fragility fracture. RESULTS AFX patients were found to have a higher likelihood to be younger (67.6 years old), female (81.4%), non-Caucasian (11.7%) and have a higher BMI (30.6) compared to NAFX. Prior AFX predicted the risk of a future AFX. The probability of an AFX increased with increased age and BMI. CONCLUSION A prior AFX is independently predictive of subsequent AFX. Therefore, these fractures should be considered a sentinel event. These patients are more likely to have higher BMI, to be of female gender, non-Caucasian race, and are younger compared to patients with NAFX. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III, retrospective cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric So
- Capital Foot and Ankle - Bryan Physician Network, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | | | | | - Debra L Sietsema
- The CORE Institute (retired), Phoenix, AZ, USA
- MORE Foundation (retired), Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Cho BK, Kim JB, Choi SM. Efficacy of hook-type locking plate and partially threaded cancellous lag screw in the treatment of displaced medial malleolar fractures in elderly patients. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2022; 142:2585-2596. [PMID: 34089372 DOI: 10.1007/s00402-021-03945-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Traditionally, partially threaded cancellous lag screws (PTCS) are used for most medial malleolar fractures but are often challenging to execute in elderly patients because of the high risk of postoperative complications. Limited literature explores whether hook-type locking compression plates (LCPs) reliably offer better outcomes than PTCS in elderly patients. We aimed to compare the midterm radiologic and clinical outcomes between hook-type LCP and PTCS for medial malleolar fractures in an elderly population. METHODS We included 258 patients, aged 65 years and above, treated with either a hook-type locking plate (hook LCP group: 121 patients) or PTCS (screw group: 137 patients), and with follow-ups of at least 36 months in this retrospective study. Radiographic assessments included the union rate and interval to fracture union. Clinical assessment included the postoperative complications and revision procedures. RESULTS Although a significantly higher rate of comminuted fractures was observed in the hook LCP group than in the screw group (p < .001), no significant difference in the union rate was observed between the two groups (hook LCP group: 93.4% vs. screw group: 89.8%, p = .151), and a significantly shorter interval to union was observed in the hook LCP group (10.2 ± 7.0 vs. 12.3 ± 6.7 weeks, p = .015). There was a trend toward a lower rate of complications, including revision procedures, in the hook LCP group than in the screw group (19.9% vs. 28.5%, p = .107 and 6.6% vs. 13.8%, p = .074). CONCLUSION Hook-type LCP may be an alternative option for treating medial malleolar fractures with comminution in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Ki Cho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Beom Kim
- Wellbone Orthopedic Clinic, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Myung Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu Hospital, 712, Dongil-ro, Uijeongbu-si, Gyeonggi-do, 11759, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Hollensteiner M, Sandriesser S, Krauss H, Greinwald M, Stuby F, Augat P. Three internal fixation methods for Danis-Weber-B distal fibular fractures: A biomechanical comparison in an osteoporotic fibula model. Foot Ankle Surg 2022; 28:845-851. [PMID: 34815170 DOI: 10.1016/j.fas.2021.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A common agreement for the surgical treatment of osteoporotic ankle fractures has not been defined yet although locking plates are preferred for fractures with poor bone quality. This study aims to evaluate the mechanical stability of locked and conventional plates on osteoporotic Danis-Weber-B-fibula fracture models. Fractured custom-made osteoporotic fibulae were treated with neutralization plate plus lag screw, locking plate plus lag screw, or a standalone locking plate. Load until failure was applied mimicking single-leg stance. Stiffness, failureload, and interfragmentary movements were investigated. Stiffness, failureload and axial fragment movement showed no significant differences among groups. Shear movements and fragment rotation around the shaft of the neutralization plate were on average twice as high as those of the locking plates. Although no superiority was shown for overall mechanical performance, the locking plate groups exhibited higher shear and rotational stability than the neutralization plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Hollensteiner
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau gGmbH, Prof. Küntscher 14 Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
| | - Sabrina Sandriesser
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau gGmbH, Prof. Küntscher 14 Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Hilmar Krauss
- Department of Trauma Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Murnau gGmbH, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
| | - Markus Greinwald
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau gGmbH, Prof. Küntscher 14 Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fabian Stuby
- Department of Trauma Surgery, BG Unfallklinik Murnau gGmbH, Prof. Küntscher Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany
| | - Peter Augat
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau gGmbH, Prof. Küntscher 14 Str. 8, 82418 Murnau, Germany; Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Strubergasse 21, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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9
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Chen X, Lim JA, Zhou A, Thahir A. Currents concepts of the perioperative management of closed ankle fractures. J Perioper Pract 2021; 32:295-300. [PMID: 34190640 PMCID: PMC9619258 DOI: 10.1177/17504589211006018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ankle fractures are common injuries that can result in substantial morbidity in the population. This review discusses the management of closed ankle fractures and outlines the recent evidence and guidelines on perioperative management. In general, a detailed history should be undertaken, followed by examination and imaging of the affected limb. Fixation is based on the AO principles of fracture management that aims towards restoring stability of the joint and reducing the risk of long-term complications. A multidisciplinary approach towards perioperative management is recommended in view of the increasing proportion of aging patients with significant comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Chen
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrookes Major Trauma Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.,School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jiang An Lim
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrookes Major Trauma Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.,School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andrew Zhou
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrookes Major Trauma Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK.,School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Azeem Thahir
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, Addenbrookes Major Trauma Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
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Elmajee M, Gabr A, Aljawadi A, Strang M, Khan S, Munuswamy S, Pillai A, Sprott D. Treatment of fragility ankle fractures using hindfoot nail, systemic review. J Orthop 2020; 22:559-564. [PMID: 33208992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
With an aging population, the prevalence of fragility ankle fractures is rising. The surgical management of these injuries is challenging and associated with high rates of complications. An extensive literature review (inception of data until September 2019) was undertaken to locate previous studies that have addressed the same topic. Seven studies met the inclusion criteria. The post-operative Olerud and Molander scores were comparable/slightly lower than pre-injury scores. Bony union was achieved in 90.3%-100% of cases. Hindfoot nails, when used to treat fragility ankle fractures, can facilitate early rehabilitation and restoration of function among elderly osteoporotic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elmajee
- ST4 Spine Department, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, B31 2AP, UK
| | - Abdullah Gabr
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Ahmed Aljawadi
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - Matthew Strang
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, North Manchester General Hospital, Manchester, M8 5RB, UK
| | - Shoaib Khan
- ST4 Trauma and Orthopaedics, Warrington Hospital, Warrington, WA5 1QG, UK
| | | | - Anand Pillai
- Trauma and Orthopaedics, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - Dominic Sprott
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Fractures of osteoporotic bone in elderly individuals need special attention. This manuscript reviews the current strategies to provide sufficient fracture fixation stability with a particular focus on fractures that frequently occur in elderly individuals with osteoporosis and require full load-bearing capacity, i.e., pelvis, hip, ankle, and peri-implant fractures. RECENT FINDINGS Elderly individuals benefit immensely from immediate mobilization after fracture and thus require stable fracture fixation that allows immediate post-operative weight-bearing. However, osteoporotic bone has decreased holding capacity for metallic implants and is thus associated with a considerable fracture fixation failure rate both short term and long term. Modern implant technologies with dedicated modifications provide sufficient mechanical stability to allow immediate weight-bearing for elderly individuals. Depending on fracture location and fracture severity, various options are available to reinforce or augment standard fracture fixation systems. Correct application of the basic principles of fracture fixation and the use of modern implant technologies enables mechanically stable fracture fixation that allows early weight-bearing and results in timely fracture healing even in patients with osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Hollensteiner
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Kuentscher-Str. 8, 82418, Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Sabrina Sandriesser
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Kuentscher-Str. 8, 82418, Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Emily Bliven
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Kuentscher-Str. 8, 82418, Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian von Rüden
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Kuentscher-Str. 8, 82418, Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
- Department of Trauma Surgery, BG Klinikum Murnau, Murnau, Germany
| | - Peter Augat
- Institute for Biomechanics, BG Unfallklinik Murnau, Prof.-Kuentscher-Str. 8, 82418, Murnau am Staffelsee, Germany.
- Institute for Biomechanics, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.
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12
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Do surgical site complications after ankle fracture surgery reduce with Aquacel Extra Ag®? Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recote.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Luque-Valenzuela M, Sánchez-Aguilera AJ, Martín-Vivaldi-Jiménez A, Jódar-Graus R, Prados-Olleta N. Do surgical site complications after ankle fracture surgery reduce with Aquacel Extra Ag ®? Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol (Engl Ed) 2019; 63:342-345. [PMID: 31235393 DOI: 10.1016/j.recot.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ankle fractures account for up to 10% of total fractures. Most of them require surgical fixation, which involves an important risk of wound complications. The aim of this study was to determine whether a silver-impregnated occlusive surgical dressing (Aquacel Ag Extra®) was effective in reducing the rates of wound complications after ankle fracture open reduction and internal fixation compared to standard sterile dressing. METHODS We prospectively reviewed 233 patients who underwent ankle fracture open reduction and internal fixation. Surgeons switched from using a standard dressing to an Aquacel Ag Extra® from July 2017 to February 2018, without other major changes in perioperative management. We compared skin complications between both groups after 3 months' follow-up. RESULTS The statistical analysis showed that there is no difference in the prevalence of skin complications between both groups. CONCLUSIONS The theoretical advantages of silver impregnated dressings need further prospective randomized controlled studies to assess the appropriate indications for their use in orthopaedic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - R Jódar-Graus
- Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España
| | - N Prados-Olleta
- Facultad de Medicina, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España
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14
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Principles and current concepts in the surgical treatment of fragility fractures in the elderly. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2019; 33:264-277. [DOI: 10.1016/j.berh.2019.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tuckett P, Hope M, Tetsworth K, Van De Pol J, McDougall C. Transarticular tibiotalocalcaneal nailing versus open reduction and internal fixation for treatment of the elderly ankle fracture: protocol for a multicentre, prospective, randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026360. [PMID: 30670529 PMCID: PMC6347874 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ankle fractures are common in the elderly population. Surgical fixation is technically challenging and often results in complications due to high rates of osteoporosis and vascular disease. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) often requires prolonged periods of non-weight bearing increasing the risks of complications. Tibiotalocalcaneal (TTC) nailing has been suggested as an alternative to ORIF which allows immediate weight bearing, and is suggested to result in fewer complications. This study aims to compare the two surgical techniques in the elderly population with ankle fractures. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The study will be a multicentre, prospective, randomised controlled trial comparing ORIF to TTC nailing in 110 patients with ankle fractures aged 50 or above with a Charlson Comorbidity Index of greater than or equal to four. Participants and assessors will not be blinded to intervention. The primary outcome measure will be overall complication rate. Secondary outcomes include length of hospital stay, mobility at discharge, discharge destination, the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Ankle-Hindfoot score, the Olerud-Molander Ankle Score, mortality rate, rate of secondary surgical interventions and number of blood transfusions required postoperatively. Our null hypothesis is that there is no clinically significant difference in the primary outcome measure between the two treatment groups. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study has been approved by Metro South Hospital and Health Services Human Research Ethics Committee (EC00167) (reference number HREC/17/QPAH/351). DISCUSSION Completion of this trial will provide evidence on the effectiveness of TTC nailing versus ORIF in treatment of the elderly ankle fracture. If TTC nailing is found to result in superior outcomes, this trial has the capacity to change current clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12617001588381;Pre-results andU1111-1203-1704.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Tuckett
- Department of Orthopaedics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Matthew Hope
- Department of Orthopaedics, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin Tetsworth
- Department of Orthopaedics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jerry Van De Pol
- Department of Orthopaedics, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Catherine McDougall
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Queensland, Australia
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Functional assessment of transplantar nailing for ankle fracture in the elderly: 48 weeks' prospective follow-up of 14 patients. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018; 104:507-510. [PMID: 29654935 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Retrograde transplantar intramedullary nailing (TIMN) is a recently described option for ankle fracture in elderly patients with multiple comorbidity contraindicating classical internal fixation. The main objective of the present study was to assess mobility after TIMN for ankle fracture in the elderly. The secondary objective was to assess complications. HYPOTHESIS Retrograde TIMN provides reliable fixation of ankle fracture in the elderly, enabling early resumption of walking. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fourteen patients, with a mean age of 79.6years (range: 65-99years), with fracture of the ankle or tibial pilon treated by retrograde TIMN, were prospectively included over a 1-year period (2014-2016). Full weight-bearing with walking cast boot was authorized as of day 1. Mobility was assessed on Parker score in consultation at 6, 12, 24 and 48 weeks. RESULTS Ten patients were followed up. Mean Parker score was 3.6 (range: 1-5) preoperatively, and 2.4 (range: 1-5) and 2.7 (range: 1-5) at 24 and 48 weeks, respectively: i.e., not significantly different from preoperative values (p=0.057 and p=0.054, respectively). There were no decubitus-related complications. Two patients (20%) showed other complications, including 1 deep infection requiring material ablation. Consolidation was systematic, without hindfoot malunion. DISCUSSION Retrograde TIMN appeared to be a useful option for ankle fracture in elderly patients for whom classical internal fixation was contraindicated. It allowed immediate resumption of weight-bearing and early rehabilitation, with no increased morbidity or mortality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV.
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