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Zhao H, Zhu Z, Xing G, Li Y, Zhou X, Wang J, Li G, Cao H, Huang Y. Deformed Mediated Larval Incisor Lobe Development Causes Differing Feeding Behavior between Oriental Armyworm and Fall Armyworm. Insects 2022; 13:insects13070594. [PMID: 35886770 PMCID: PMC9320430 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Mandibular incisor lobes are important for insect feeding behavior, living habits and niche. However, the molecular regulation of insect incisor lobe development remains unknown. In this study, we found that two maize pests, oriental armyworm Mythimna separata and fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, have different feeding patterns in maize, which are closely associated with the different development patterns of their incisor lobes. Different from first to sixth instar S. frugiperda, which feed on leaf tissues and whorls with sharp incisor lobes, older instars of M. separata feed from leaf margins with no incisor lobes. Hox gene Deformed (Dfd) is important for head appendages, but its function in incisor lobe development is not clear. Here, Dfds were identified from two armyworm species, and both were expressed highly in heads and eggs. Interestingly, the expression levels of MsDfd were relatively high in larval mandibles and decreased dramatically from fourth-instar mandibles in M. separata. Knockdown of MsDfd resulted in malformed mandibles with no incisor lobe in M. separata, making the larvae unable to perform window-feeding. However, RNAi of SfDfd did not affect the mandibles and window-feeding pattern of S. frugiperda, indicating the different roles of Dfd in these two species. Moreover, the mortality of new first instar M. separata increased after feeding dsMsDfd but did not for S. frugiperda feeding dsSfDfd. These findings revealed that Dfd mediated the larval mandibular incisor lobe morphology, affecting its feeding pattern in M. separata, broadening the knowledge of Dfd functions in insect mandibles and feeding behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.); (X.Z.); (G.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Zeng Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.); (X.Z.); (G.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Gaoliang Xing
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.); (X.Z.); (G.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Yiyu Li
- Institute of New Rural Development, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China;
| | - Xue Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.); (X.Z.); (G.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Plant Protection Station of Anhui Province, Hefei 230061, China;
| | - Guiting Li
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.); (X.Z.); (G.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Haiqun Cao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.); (X.Z.); (G.L.); (H.C.)
| | - Yong Huang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management, College of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (H.Z.); (Z.Z.); (G.X.); (X.Z.); (G.L.); (H.C.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhang YJ, Fang H, Jiang L. Comparative morphology of the larval mouthparts among three Actias (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae), with descriptions on atypical spinnerets. ZOOMORPHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00435-022-00555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Specht A, Carneiro E, Roque-Specht VF, Casagrande MM, Venâncio L, Malaquias JV, Bonfin FAD, Vieira PVM. Life history traits of Praina temperata (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae): a widely distributed and neglected cutworm of the Neotropics. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2021.1951639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Specht
- Embrapa Cerrados, Laboratório de Entomologia, Planaltina- DF, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Carneiro
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | | | - Mirna M. Casagrande
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | - Lidia Venâncio
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba-PR, Brazil
| | | | | | - Paulo V. M. Vieira
- Instituto Central de Ciências, Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darci Ribeiro, Brasília- DF, Brazil
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Specht A, Sosa-Gómez DR, Rios DAM, Claudino VCM, Paula-Moraes SV, Malaquias JV, Silva FAM, Roque-Specht VF. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil: the Big Outbreak Monitored by Light Traps. Neotrop Entomol 2021; 50:53-67. [PMID: 33501635 DOI: 10.1007/s13744-020-00836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The first detection of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Brazil pointed to a gloomy future for South American agriculture in the 2012/2013 harvest, and insecticide sales increased exponentially during 2013 and 2014. However, after this outbreak, the population of this insect returned to manageable levels. This study documents data on H. armigera moth collection using light traps during the outbreak in two locations: (a) western region of the state of Bahia, including population levels of H. armigera and main noctuid pests during the big outbreak (February and March 2013); (b) Federal District, including monthly data for five growing seasons (July 2012-June 2017). During the outbreak, an average of 527.3 moths were collected per trap (cotton crop, March) in the western region of Bahia each night, while the maximum average in the Federal District was 75.4 moths (January). The number of moths decreased in the following growing seasons, and in October 2016, the maximum number was 2.8 moths per trap. Aspects related to the variations of H. armigera and Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) populations, including the study of phenology and relationship with climatic factors and Oceanic Niño Index, were analyzed and discussed. All aspects are approached to contribute to the management of lepidopteran pests, especially H. armigera, in the productive systems of the Brazilian Cerrado.
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Specht A, Dias FMS, San Blas G, Roque-Specht VF, Casagrande MM, Mielke OHH, Montezano DG, Santos IB, Paula-Moraes SV, Hunt TE, Malaquias JV, Bonfin FAD, Vieira PVM. The Granulate Cutworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Biological Parameters Under Controlled Conditions, Host Plants, and Distribution in the Americas. J Insect Sci 2020; 20:22. [PMID: 33159527 PMCID: PMC7648595 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Feltia subterranea (Fabricius), commonly known as the granulate cutworm, is a common species of owlet moths (Noctuidae) of major agricultural importance, widely distributed in Nearctic and Neotropical regions. This study was conducted to determine the species biological parameters, gather information about its larval host plants, and assess the agricultural significance of this species in the Americas. The viability of the egg, larval, pupal stages, and prepupal period was 98, 98, and 100%, respectively, under laboratory conditions. The average duration of the egg, larval, pupal stages, and prepupal period was 3, 17, 4, and 13 d, respectively. All laboratory-reared larvae developed through five instars. The growth ratio was 1.93 for females and 1.85 for males. The duration of the larval stage was significantly longer in females than in males from the fourth instar. The duration of the pupal stage was significantly shorter in females than in males. When larval and pupal stage durations were combined, there were no significant differences in total development time as a function of sex. In total, 159 botanical taxa belonging to 41 families were recorded as host species for F. subterranea. The families with the greatest number of host species were Fabaceae (22), Poaceae (19), Asteraceae (16), Brassicaceae (13), Solanaceae (12), Amaranthaceae (7), Cucurbitaceae (7), and Malvaceae (5). It is noteworthy that the large number of native weeds used by F. subterranea as host plants could represent a significant source of infestation of crops in the agricultural landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando M S Dias
- Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Germán San Blas
- INCITAP-CONICET - Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de La Pampa, Santa Rosa, Argentina
| | - Vânia F Roque-Specht
- Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade UnB Planaltina, Área Universitária 1, Vila Nossa Senhora de Fátima, Planaltina, DF, Brazil
| | - Mirna M Casagrande
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Olaf H H Mielke
- Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | - Izailda Barbosa Santos
- Entomology & Nematology Department, West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Experiment Road, Jay, FL
| | - Silvana V Paula-Moraes
- Entomology & Nematology Department, West Florida Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Experiment Road, Jay, FL
| | - Thomas E Hunt
- Haskell Agricultural Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Concord, NE
| | | | - Felipe A D Bonfin
- Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, DF, Brazil
- Instituto Federal de Brasília, Campus Planaltina, Rodovia, Zona Rural, Planaltina, DF, Brazil
| | - Paulo V M Vieira
- Embrapa Cerrados, Planaltina, DF, Brazil
- Universidade de Brasília, Campos Universitário Darci Ribeiro, Instituto Central de Ciências, Asa Norte, Brasília, DF, Brazil
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Venâncio L, Carneiro E, Specht A, Fronza E, Casagrande MM. The immatures of Peridroma saucia (Hübner, [1808]) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) revisited: redescription of external morphology of Neotropical populations. Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/01650521.2020.1807671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Venâncio
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Curitiba-PR, Brasil
| | - Eduardo Carneiro
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Curitiba-PR, Brasil
| | - Alexandre Specht
- Embrapa Cerrados, Laboratório de Entomologia, Planaltina-DF, Brasil
| | - Edegar Fronza
- Ciências da Vida, Universidade Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul-RS, Brasil
| | - Mirna M. Casagrande
- Departamento de Zoologia, Laboratório de Estudos de Lepidoptera Neotropical, Curitiba-PR, Brasil
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