1
|
Benova A, Ferencakova M, Bardova K, Funda J, Prochazka J, Spoutil F, Cajka T, Dzubanova M, Balcaen T, Kerckhofs G, Willekens W, van Lenthe GH, Alquicer G, Pecinova A, Mracek T, Horakova O, Rossmeisl M, Kopecky J, Tencerova M. Novel thiazolidinedione analog reduces a negative impact on bone and mesenchymal stem cell properties in obese mice compared to classical thiazolidinediones. Mol Metab 2022; 65:101598. [PMID: 36103974 PMCID: PMC9508355 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The use of thiazolidinediones (TZDs) as insulin sensitizers has been shown to have side effects including increased accumulation of bone marrow adipocytes (BMAds) associated with a higher fracture risk and bone loss. A novel TZD analog MSDC-0602K with low affinity to PPARγ has been developed to reduce adverse effects of TZD therapy. However, the effect of MSDC-0602K on bone phenotype and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in relation to obesity has not been intensively studied yet. Methods Here, we investigated whether 8-week treatment with MSDC-0602K has a less detrimental effect on bone loss and BM-MSC properties in obese mice in comparison to first generation of TZDs, pioglitazone. Bone parameters (bone microstructure, bone marrow adiposity, bone strength) were examined by μCT and 3-point bending test. Primary BM-MSCs were isolated and measured for osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation. Cellular senescence, bioenergetic profiling, nutrient consumption and insulin signaling were also determined. Results The findings demonstrate that MSDC-0602K improved bone parameters along with increased proportion of smaller BMAds in tibia of obese mice when compared to pioglitazone. Further, primary BM-MSCs isolated from treated mice and human BM-MSCs revealed decreased adipocyte and higher osteoblast differentiation accompanied with less inflammatory and senescent phenotype induced by MSDC-0602K vs. pioglitazone. These changes were further reflected by increased glycolytic activity differently affecting glutamine and glucose cellular metabolism in MSDC-0602K-treated cells compared to pioglitazone, associated with higher osteogenesis. Conclusion Our study provides novel insights into the action of MSDC-0602K in obese mice, characterized by the absence of detrimental effects on bone quality and BM-MSC metabolism when compared to classical TZDs and thus suggesting a potential therapeutical use of MSDC-0602K in both metabolic and bone diseases. MSDC-0602K improves bone quality and increases proportion of smaller BMAds in obese mice. MSDC-0602K-treated mice show lower adipogenic differentiation with less senescent phenotype in primary BM-MSCs. MSDC-0602K induces higher glycolytic activity in BM-MSCs compared to pioglitazone. MSDC-0602-treated BM-MSCs prefer glutamine over glucose uptake in comparison to AT-MSCs. Beneficial effect of MSDC-06002K in BM-MSCs manifests by absence of MPC inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Benova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Ferencakova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Kristina Bardova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Funda
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Prochazka
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Spoutil
- Czech Centre for Phenogenomics & Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases, Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Cajka
- Laboratory of Translational Metabolism, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Dzubanova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tim Balcaen
- Biomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials, and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Pole of Morphology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Chemistry, Molecular Design and Synthesis, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Greet Kerckhofs
- Biomechanics lab, Institute of Mechanics, Materials, and Civil Engineering, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium; Prometheus, Division of Skeletal Tissue Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; Pole of Morphology, Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | - Glenda Alquicer
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Pecinova
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Mracek
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Olga Horakova
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Rossmeisl
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Kopecky
- Laboratory of Adipose Tissue Biology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic
| | - Michaela Tencerova
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology of Bone, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 142 20, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Boos MA, Grinstaff MW, Lamandé SR, Stok KS. Contrast-Enhanced Micro-Computed Tomography for 3D Visualization and Quantification of Glycosaminoglycans in Different Cartilage Types. Cartilage 2021; 13:486S-494S. [PMID: 34696603 PMCID: PMC8804852 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211053820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare CA4+-enhanced micro-computed tomography (microCT) of bovine articular, meniscal, nasal, and auricular cartilage, each of which possesses a different extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and structure. DESIGN The diffusion kinetics of CA4+ in different native cartilage types were assessed over 20 hours. The feasibility of CA4+-enhanced microCT to visualize and quantify glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in these different tissues was tested using safranin-O staining and 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue assay. RESULTS The diffusion kinetics of CA4+ in auricular cartilage are significantly slower compared with all other cartilage types. Total GAG content per volume correlates to microCT attenuation with an R2 value of 0.79 for all cartilage types. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced microCT images of spatial GAG distribution reflect safranin-O staining and highlight the differences in ECM structure, with heterogeneous regions with higher GAG concentrations highlighted by the contrast agent. CONCLUSIONS CA4+-enhanced microCT enables assessment of 3-dimensiona distribution and GAG content in different types of cartilage and has promise as an ex vivo diagnostic technique to monitor matrix development in different tissues over time as well as tissue-engineered constructs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manuela A. Boos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark W. Grinstaff
- Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical
Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shireen R. Lamandé
- Musculoskeletal Research, Murdoch
Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Department of Paediatrics, The
University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kathryn S. Stok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia,Kathryn S. Stok, Department of Biomedical
Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3010,
Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Berry DB, Englund EK, Chen S, Frank LR, Ward SR. Medical imaging of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine constructs. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:301-314. [PMID: 32776044 PMCID: PMC8262082 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00705f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Advancement of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM) strategies to replicate tissue structure and function has led to the need for noninvasive assessment of key outcome measures of a construct's state, biocompatibility, and function. Histology based approaches are traditionally used in pre-clinical animal experiments, but are not always feasible or practical if a TERM construct is going to be tested for human use. In order to transition these therapies from benchtop to bedside, rigorously validated imaging techniques must be utilized that are sensitive to key outcome measures that fulfill the FDA standards for TERM construct evaluation. This review discusses key outcome measures for TERM constructs and various clinical- and research-based imaging techniques that can be used to assess them. Potential applications and limitations of these techniques are discussed, as well as resources for the processing, analysis, and interpretation of biomedical images.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David B Berry
- Departments of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Contrast enhanced computed tomography for real-time quantification of glycosaminoglycans in cartilage tissue engineered constructs. Acta Biomater 2019; 100:202-212. [PMID: 31580960 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are two therapeutic strategies to treat, and to potentially cure, diseases affecting cartilaginous tissues, such as osteoarthritis and cartilage defects. Insights into the processes occurring during regeneration are essential to steer and inform development of the envisaged regenerative strategy, however tools are needed for longitudinal and quantitative monitoring of cartilage matrix components. In this study, we introduce a contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT)-based method using a cationic iodinated contrast agent (CA4+) for longitudinal quantification of glycosaminoglycans (GAG) in cartilage-engineered constructs. CA4+ concentration and scanning protocols were first optimized to ensure no cytotoxicity and a facile procedure with minimal radiation dose. Chondrocyte and mesenchymal stem cell pellets, containing different GAG content were generated and exposed to CA4+. The CA4+ content in the pellets, as determined by micro computed tomography, was plotted against GAG content, as measured by 1,9-dimethylmethylene blue analysis, and showed a high linear correlation. The established equation was used for longitudinal measurements of GAG content over 28 days of pellet culture. Importantly, this method did not adversely affect cell viability or chondrogenesis. Additionally, the CA4+ distribution accurately matched safranin-O staining on histological sections. Hence, we show proof-of-concept for the application of CECT, utilizing a positively charged contrast agent, for longitudinal and quantitative imaging of GAG distribution in cartilage tissue-engineered constructs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine are promising therapeutic strategies for different joint pathologies such as cartilage defects or osteoarthritis. Currently, in vitro assessment on the quality and composition of the engineered cartilage mainly relies on destructive methods. Therefore, there is a need for the development of techniques that allow for longitudinal and quantitative imaging and monitoring of cartilage-engineered constructs. This work harnesses the electrostatic interactions between the negatively-charged glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and a positively-charged contrast agent for longitudinal and non-destructive quantification of GAGs, providing valuable insight on GAG development and distribution in cartilage engineered constructs. Such technique can advance the development of regenerative strategies, not only by allowing continuous monitoring but also by serving as a pre-implantation screening tool.
Collapse
|
5
|
Contrast-Enhanced MicroCT for Virtual 3D Anatomical Pathology of Biological Tissues: A Literature Review. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2019; 2019:8617406. [PMID: 30944550 PMCID: PMC6421764 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8617406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
To date, the combination of histological sectioning, staining, and microscopic assessment of the 2D sections is still the golden standard for structural and compositional analysis of biological tissues. X-ray microfocus computed tomography (microCT) is an emerging 3D imaging technique with high potential for 3D structural analysis of biological tissues with a complex and heterogeneous 3D structure, such as the trabecular bone. However, its use has been mostly limited to mineralized tissues because of the inherently low X-ray absorption of soft tissues. To achieve sufficient X-ray attenuation, chemical compounds containing high atomic number elements that bind to soft tissues have been recently adopted as contrast agents (CAs) for contrast-enhanced microCT (CE-CT); this novel technique is very promising for quantitative "virtual" 3D anatomical pathology of both mineralized and soft biological tissues. In this paper, we provided a review of the advances in CE-CT since the very first reports on the technology to date. Perfusion CAs for in vivo imaging have not been discussed, as the focus of this review was on CAs that bind to the tissue of interest and that are, thus, used for ex vivo imaging of biological tissues. As CE-CT has mostly been applied for the characterization of musculoskeletal tissues, we have put specific emphasis on these tissues. Advantages and limitations of multiple CAs for different musculoskeletal tissues have been highlighted, and their reproducibility has been discussed. Additionally, the advantages of the "full" 3D CE-CT information have been pinpointed, and its importance for more detailed structural, spatial, and functional characterization of the tissues of interest has been shown. Finally, the remaining challenges that are still hampering a broader adoption of CE-CT have been highlighted, and suggestions have been made to move the field of CE-CT imaging one step further towards a standard accepted tool for quantitative virtual 3D anatomical pathology.
Collapse
|