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Wathoni N, Herdiana Y, Suhandi C, Mohammed AFA, El-Rayyes A, Narsa AC. Chitosan/Alginate-Based Nanoparticles for Antibacterial Agents Delivery. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:5021-5044. [PMID: 38832335 PMCID: PMC11146614 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s469572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle systems integrating alginate and chitosan emerge as a promising avenue to tackle challenges in leveraging the potency of pharmacological active agents. Owing to their intrinsic properties as polysaccharides, alginate and chitosan, exhibit remarkable biocompatibility, rendering them conducive to bodily integration. By downsizing drug particles to the nano-scale, the system enhances drug solubility in aqueous environments by augmenting surface area. Additionally, the system orchestrates extended drug release kinetics, aligning well with the exigencies of chronic drug release requisite for antibacterial therapeutics. A thorough scrutiny of existing literature underscores a wealth of evidence supporting the utilization of the alginate-chitosan nanoparticle system for antibacterial agent delivery. Literature reviews present abundant evidence of the utilization of nanoparticle systems based on a combination of alginate and chitosan for antibacterial agent delivery. Various experiments demonstrate enhanced antibacterial efficacy, including an increase in the inhibitory zone diameter, improvement in the minimum inhibitory concentration, and an enhancement in the bacterial reduction rate. This enhancement in efficacy occurs due to mechanisms involving increased solubility resulting from particle size reduction, prolonged release effects, and enhanced selectivity towards bacterial cell walls, stemming from ionic interactions between positively charged particles and teichoic acid on bacterial cell walls. However, clinical studies remain limited, and there are currently no marketed antibacterial drugs utilizing this system. Hence, expediting clinical efficacy validation is crucial to maximize its benefits promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Yedi Herdiana
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Cecep Suhandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | | | - Ali El-Rayyes
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Angga Cipta Narsa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, 71157, Indonesia
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Vitamia C, Iftinan GN, Latarissa IR, Wilar G, Cahyanto A, Elamin KM, Wathoni N. Natural and Synthetic Drugs Approached for the Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis Over the Last Decade. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1297-1312. [PMID: 38681204 PMCID: PMC11048360 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s449370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) refers to a sore and frequently recurring inflammation of the oral tissues, distinguished by the presence of small ulcers that cause significant discomfort and cannot be attributed to any underlying disease. Different treatments have been used for RAS. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the treatment options over the past decade for recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), encompassing both natural and synthetic treatments. It will utilize clinical efficacy studies conducted in vivo and in vitro, along with a focus on the pharmaceutical approach through advancements in drug delivery development. We conducted a thorough literature search from 2013 to 2023 in prominent databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane, utilizing appropriate keywords of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and treatment. A total of 53 clinical trials with 3022 patients were included, with 35 using natural materials in their research and a total of 16 articles discussing RAS treatment using synthetic materials. All the clinical trials showed that natural and synthetic medicines seemed to benefit RAS patients by reducing pain score, ulcer size, and number of ulcers and shortening the healing duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cszahreyloren Vitamia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
- Departement of Pharmacy, Akademi Farmasi Bumi Siliwangi, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ghina Nadhifah Iftinan
- Center of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Irma Rahayu Latarissa
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Gofarana Wilar
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
| | - Arief Cahyanto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Khaled M Elamin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, Indonesia
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Yuniarsih N, Chaerunisaa AY, Elamin KM, Wathoni N. Polymeric Nanohydrogel in Topical Drug Delivery System. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:2733-2754. [PMID: 38505165 PMCID: PMC10950079 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s442123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Nanohydrogels (NH) are biodegradable polymers that have been extensively studied and utilized for various biomedical applications. Drugs in a topical medication are absorbed via the skin and carried to the intended location, where they are metabolized and eliminated from the body. With a focus on their pertinent contemporary treatments, this review aims to give a complete overview of recent advances in the creation and application of polymer NH in biomedicine. We will explore the key features that have driven advances in nanotechnology and discuss the significance of nanohydrogel-based formulations as vehicles for delivering therapeutic agents topically. The review will also cover the latest findings and references from the literature to support the advancements in nanotechnological technology related to the preparation and application of NH. In addition, we will also discuss the unique properties and potential applications of NH as drug delivery systems (DDS) for skin applications, underscoring their potential for effective topical therapeutic delivery. The challenge lies in efficiently delivering drugs through the skin's barrier to specific areas with high control. Environmentally sensitive systems, like polymer-based NH, show promise in treating dermatological conditions. Polymers are pivotal in developing these drug delivery systems, with NH offering advantages such as versatile drug loading, controlled release, and enhanced skin penetration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nia Yuniarsih
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang, Karawang, 41361, Indonesia
| | - Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Khaled M Elamin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
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Wathoni N, Suhandi C, Ghassani Purnama MF, Mutmainnah A, Nurbaniyah NS, Syafra DW, Elamin KM. Alginate and Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Enhance Antibacterial Agent Activity on Topical Application. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:791-805. [PMID: 38444772 PMCID: PMC10913799 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s456403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Untreated topical infections can become chronic, posing serious health issues. Optimal skin adherence is crucial in addressing such infections. In this context, chitosan and alginate emerge as promising candidates for use as a foundation in the development of topical hydrogels. The aim of this review is to examine the literature on topical hydrogel formulations that use chitosan and alginate as foundations, specifically in the context of topical antibacterial agents. The research methodology involves a literature review by examining articles published in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords employed during the research were "Alginate", "Chitosan", "Hydrogel", and "Antibacterial". Chitosan and alginate serve as bases in topical hydrogels to deliver various active ingredients, particularly antibacterial agents, as indicated by the search results. Both have demonstrated significant antibacterial effectiveness, as evidenced by a reduction in bacterial colony counts and an increase in inhibition zones. This strongly supports the idea that chitosan and alginate could be used together to make topical hydrogels that kill bacteria that work well. In conclusion, chitosan and alginate-based hydrogels show great potential in treating bacterial infections on the skin surface. The incorporation of chitosan and alginate into hydrogel formulations aids in retaining antibacterial agents, allowing for their gradual release over an optimal period. Therefore, hydrogels specifically formulated with chitosan and alginate have the potential to serve as a solution to address challenges in the treatment of topical bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Cecep Suhandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fadhil Ghassani Purnama
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Mutmainnah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Neng Sani Nurbaniyah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Desra Widdy Syafra
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Khaled M Elamin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
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Wicaksono IA, Suhandi C, Elamin KM, Wathoni N. Efficacy and safety of casirivimab-imdevimab combination on COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis randomized controlled trial. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22839. [PMID: 38058433 PMCID: PMC10696184 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The advantages and disadvantages of casirivimab-imdevimab for coronavirus disease 2019 are not well understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant literature to determine the therapeutic effectiveness and potential side effects of casirivimab-imdevimab in COVID-19 patients. Methods Databases were searched from the time of their commencement until February 28th, 2023. The primary results evaluated were the death rate at 28 days, progression of current clinical symptoms within 28 days, viral load, discharge from hospital, and any adverse events. Also, we contrasted the effects of the casirivimab-imdevimab treatment with placebo or standard of care. The protocol registration for this systematic review and meta-analysis was recorded in the PROSPERO database (CRD42023412835). Results A total of eight studies were included, comprising 19,819 patients, and conducted a qualitative assessment of their risk of bias using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Casirivimab-imdevimab effectively reduced the mortality rate (OR = 0.62; 95 % CI of 0.40-0.98; p = 0.04; I2 = 30 %) and reduced the progression of clinical symptoms (OR = 0.86; 95 % CI of 0.79-0.93; p = 0.0003; I2 = 57 %). Casirivimab-imdevimab also improved viral load clearance and hospital discharge. Additionally, the trials' findings demonstrated a slight decrease in the likelihood of adverse events occurring with the use of casirivimab-imdevimab. Conclusion Our research suggests that casirivimab-imdevimab may be a valuable, safe, and effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imam Adi Wicaksono
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Cecep Suhandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Khaled M. Elamin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan
| | - Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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