1
|
Tekeste Z, Berhe N, Arage M, Degarege A, Melaku YA. Cancer signs and risk factors awareness in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a population-based survey. Infect Agent Cancer 2023; 18:1. [PMID: 36600261 PMCID: PMC9811709 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-022-00477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of data on public awareness of cancer in Ethiopia. This study assessed cancer signs, symptoms, and risk factors awareness among individuals aged 18 and older in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. METHOD A population-based face-to-face interview was conducted applying a validated cancer awareness measure (CAM) tool. A total of 600 adults (315 males and 285 females) were recruited using a multistage sampling technique. One open-ended and ten closed-ended questions were used to assess awareness of cancer signs and symptoms. To assess awareness of cancer risk factors, one open-ended and twelve closed-ended questions were used. Logistic regression analysis was used to test the association between sociodemographic status and awareness of cancer signs, symptoms, and risk factors. RESULTS Based on the responses for the open-ended questions, unexplained bleeding (23.16%) and smoking (24.17%) were the most frequently recalled cancer sign and risk factor, respectively. Based on the responses for the closed questions, the majority of respondents identified tiredness all the time (80.7%) as a cancer symptom and alcohol use (82.5%) as a cancer risk factor. The odds of cancer signs and symptoms awareness was higher in those with primary (AOR = 4.50, 95% CI, 1.72-11.79, p = 0.02), secondary (AOR = 4.62; 95% CI 1.86-11.43; p = 0.001), and tertiary (AOR = 7.51; 95% CI 3.04-18.56; p < 0.001) education than those who were illiterate. The odds of awareness about cancer signs and risk factors was 0.28 (95% CI 0.12-0.65; p = 0.003) and 0.22 (95% CI 0.83-0.58; p = 0.002) times lower, respectively, among individuals aged 60 and older than those aged 18 to 29. CONCLUSIONS Young adults who attended formal education of primary or higher level may have a better cancer signs and symptoms awareness. Future education interventions to increase awareness of the society in Addis Ababa may target illiterate and the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zinaye Tekeste
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia.
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Nega Berhe
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mahlet Arage
- Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Degarege
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, 984395 Nebraska Medical Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Yohannes Adama Melaku
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, Australia
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Eleje GU, Onubogu CU, Fiebai PO, Mbachu II, Akaba GO, Loto OM, Usman HA, Rabiu A, Chibuzor MT, Chukwuanukwu RC, Joe-Ikechebelu NN, Nwankwo CH, Kalu SO, Ogbuagu CN, Chukwurah SN, Uzochukwu CE, Oppah IC, Ahmed A, Egeonu RO, Jibuaku CH, Inuyomi SO, Adesoji BA, Anyang UI, Ogwaluonye UC, Emeka EA, Igue OE, Okoro OD, Aja PO, Chidozie CP, Ibrahim HS, Aliyu FE, Numan AI, Omoruyi SA, Umeononihu OS, Okoro CC, Nwaeju IK, Onwuegbuna AA, Umeh EO, Nweje SI, Eleje LI, Ajuba IC, Ikwuka DC, Igbodike EP, Chigbo CG, Ebubedike UR, Okafor CG, Obiegbu NP, Yakasai IA, Ezechi OC, Ikechebelu JI. Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women with single, dual or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221095411. [PMID: 35509955 PMCID: PMC9058348 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221095411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To systematically review literature and identify mother-to-child transmission rates of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women with single, dual, or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria. PRISMA guidelines were employed. Searches were on 19 February 2021 in PubMed, Google Scholar and CINAHL on studies published from 1 February 2001 to 31 January 2021 using keywords: “MTCT,” “dual infection,” “triplex infection,” “HIV,” “HBV,” and “HCV.” Studies that reported mother-to-child transmission rate of at least any of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus among pregnant women and their infant pairs with single, dual, or triplex infections of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus in Nigeria irrespective of publication status or language were eligible. Data were extracted independently by two authors with disagreements resolved by a third author. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model of DerSimonian and Laird, to produce summary mother-to-child transmission rates in terms of percentage with 95% confidence interval. Protocol was prospectively registered in PROSPERO: CRD42020202070. The search identified 849 reports. After screening titles and abstracts, 25 full-text articles were assessed for eligibility and 18 were included for meta-analysis. We identified one ongoing study. Pooled mother-to-child transmission rates were 2.74% (95% confidence interval: 2.48%–2.99%; 5863 participants; 15 studies) and 55.49% (95% confidence interval: 35.93%–75.04%; 433 participants; three studies), among mother–infant pairs with mono-infection of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus, respectively, according to meta-analysis. Overall, the studies showed a moderate risk of bias. The pooled rate of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus was 2.74% and hepatitis B virus was 55.49% among mother–infant pairs with mono-infection of HIV and hepatitis B virus, respectively. No data exists on rates of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis C virus on mono-infection or mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus among mother–infant pairs with dual or triplex infection of HIV, hepatitis B virus and HCV in Nigeria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- George Uchenna Eleje
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Preye Owen Fiebai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Godwin Otuodichinma Akaba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Olabisi Morebise Loto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Hadiza Abdullahi Usman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Ayyuba Rabiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Moriam Taiwo Chibuzor
- Cochrane Nigeria, Institute of Tropical Diseases Research and Prevention, University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Calabar, Nigeria
| | | | - Ngozi Nneka Joe-Ikechebelu
- Department of Community Medicine and Primary Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Stephen Okoroafor Kalu
- HIV Care Laboratory/HIV Care Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Shirley Nneka Chukwurah
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Ijeoma Chioma Oppah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Aishat Ahmed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - Richard Obinwanne Egeonu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Bukola Abimbola Adesoji
- Department of Nursing, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Ubong Inyang Anyang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria
| | | | - Ekene Agatha Emeka
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Odion Emmanuel Igue
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria
| | - Ogbonna Dennis Okoro
- Department of Parasitology & Entomology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Prince Ogbonnia Aja
- Immunology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Hadiza Sani Ibrahim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Fatima Ele Aliyu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Aisha Ismaila Numan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria
| | - Solace Amechi Omoruyi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Port Harcourt, Nigeria
| | - Osita Samuel Umeononihu
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Ifeanyi Kingsley Nwaeju
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | | - Eric Okechukwu Umeh
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Sussan Ifeyinwa Nweje
- Department of Nursing, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Lydia Ijeoma Eleje
- Measurement, Evaluation and Research Unit, Department of Educational Foundations, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Clara Ajuba
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | | | - Emeka Philip Igbodike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St Georges Hospital Memorial Centre, Lagos, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Chigozie Geoffrey Okafor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Nnaedozie Paul Obiegbu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | - Ibrahim Adamu Yakasai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bayero University Kano, Kano, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria
| | | | - Joseph Ifeanyichukwu Ikechebelu
- Effective Care Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nnewi, Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|