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Yi C, Zhang J, Yi R, Zeng J, Xu W, Sulemana H, Wang X, Yu H. Degradation mechanism and decomposition of sulfamethoxazole aqueous solution with persulfate activated by dielectric barrier discharge. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38753523 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2024.2354058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The present study focused on the degradation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) aqueous solution and the toxicity of processing aqueous by the dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) activated persulfate (PS). The effects of input voltage, input frequency, duty cycle, and PS dosage ratio on the SMX degradation efficiency were measured. Based on the results of the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), SMX degradation efficiency reached 83.21% which is 10.54% higher than that without PS, and the kinetic constant was 0.067 min-1 in 30 min when the input voltage at 204 V (input power at 110.6 W), the input frequency at 186 Hz, the duty cycle at 63%, and the PS dosage ratio at 5.1:1. The addition of PS can produce more active particles reached 1.756 mg/L (O3), 0.118 mg/L (H2O2), 0.154 mmol/L (·OH) in 30 min. Furthermore, the DBD plasma system effectively activated an optimal amount of PS, leading to improved removal efficiency of COD, and TOC to 30.21% and 47.21%, respectively. Subsequently, eight primary by-products were pinpointed, alongside the observation of three distinct pathways of transformation. Predictions from the ECOSAR software indicated that most of the degradation intermediates were less toxic than SMX. The biological toxicity experiments elucidated that the treatment with the DBD/PS system effectively reduced the mortality of zebrafish larvae caused by SMX from 100% to 20.13% and improved the hatching rate from 55.69% to 80.86%. In particular, it is important to note that the degradation intermediates exhibit teratogenic effects on zebrafish larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengwu Yi
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongjie Yi
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangwei Zeng
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenlin Xu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Husseini Sulemana
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huidi Yu
- School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Liu Y, Yuan Y, Wang Y, Ngo HH, Wang J. Research and application of active species based on high-valent iron for the degradation of pollutants: A critical review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171430. [PMID: 38458457 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Fe(VI), as a new green treatment agent, has two indispensable processes in water treatment: coagulation and oxidation. Fe(VI) has a strong oxidation ability. The intermediate iron species (Fe(V) and Fe(IV)) and reactive radical species (H2O2, •OH, and O2•-) produced by decomposition and reduction reaction have strong oxidation ability, in addition, the hydrolyzed product formed in situ with core (γ-Fe2O3)-shell (γ-FeOOH) structure also has good coagulation effect. Because Fe(VI) is easy to decompose and challenging to preserve, it limits the application and sometimes significantly reduces the subsequent processing effect. How to make Fe(VI) more efficient use is a hot spot in current research. This article summarizes the distribution of active substances during the hydrolysis of Fe(VI), distinguish the differences mechanisms in the similar regulation methods, reviews the current preparation methods of Fe(VI), and finally reviews the applications of Fe(VI) in the field of environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia.
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Material Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China.
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Das S, Manoli K, Sharma VK, Dagnew M, Ray MB. Effect of ferrate pretreatment on anaerobic digestibility of primary sludge spiked with resin acids. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:91201-91211. [PMID: 35879637 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21599-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Resin acids are mixtures of high molecular weight carboxylic acids found in tree resins. Due to higher hydrophobicity and low solubility, they tend to adsorb on the suspended solids in pulp and paper (P&P) mill wastewater and accumulate in primary sludge through settling. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a common practice stabilizing sludge; however, high concentration of resin acids affects the AD process. The aim of this research was mainly to determine the impact of ferrate (Fe (VI)) oxidation on selected resin acids and anaerobic digestibility of ferrate-treated primary sludge (PS) spiked with the resin acids. First, batch control oxidation of model resin acids with Fe (VI) was conducted to identify an optimum dosage, pH and contact time using a Box-Behnken design approach. Thereafter, anaerobic treatability studies of primary sludge spiked with resin acids both under control condition and optimum ferrate pretreatment were conducted. Up to 97% oxidation of resin acids occurred in pure water, while only 44%-62% oxidation of resin acids occurred in PS with an increasing Fe (VI) dosage from 0.034 to 0.137 mg Fe (VI)/mg tCODfed. The pretreatment did not affect the anaerobic biodegradability of resin acids; however, it lowered their negative influences on the PS digestibility. About 0.076 mg Fe (VI) dosage/mg tCODfed solubilized the sludge increasing the methane production by 40% compared to the untreated digester. The potential benefits of ferrate pretreatment of P&P primary sludge include resin acids oxidation and subsequent toxicity reduction, higher sludge solubilization enhancing methane production and enabling anaerobic digestion at higher COD loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejon Das
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, ON, N6A5B9, Canada
| | - Kyriakos Manoli
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Virender K Sharma
- Program for the Environment and Sustainability, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Martha Dagnew
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Western University, London, ON, N6A5B9, Canada.
| | - Madhumita B Ray
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Western University, London, ON, N6A5B9, Canada
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Ojo BO, Arotiba OA, Mabuba N. Sonoelectrochemical oxidation of sulfamethoxazole in simulated and actual wastewater on a piezo-polarizable FTO/BaZr x Ti (1-x)O 3 electrode: reaction kinetics, mechanism and reaction pathway studies. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30892-30905. [PMID: 36349008 PMCID: PMC9614641 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04876k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The sonoelectrochemical (SEC) oxidation of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in simulated and actual wastewater on FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3, FTO/BaZr(0.05)Ti(0.95)O3 and FTO/BaTiO3 electrodes is hereby presented. Electrodes from piezo-polarizable BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3, BaZr(0.05)Ti(0.95)O3, and BaTiO3 materials were prepared by immobilizing these materials on fluorine-doped tin dioxide (FTO) glass. Electrochemical characterization performed on the electrodes using chronoamperometry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques revealed that the FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3 anode displayed the highest sonocurrent density response of 2.33 mA cm-2 and the lowest charge transfer resistance of 57 Ω. Compared to other electrodes, these responses signaled a superior mass transfer on the FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3 anode occasioned by an acoustic streaming effect. Moreover, a degradation efficiency of 86.16% (in simulated wastewater), and total organic carbon (TOC) removal efficiency of 63.16% (in simulated wastewater) and 41.47% (in actual wastewater) were obtained upon applying the FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3 electrode for SEC oxidation of SMX. The piezo-polarizable impact of the FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3 electrode was further established by the higher rate constant obtained for the FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3 electrode as compared to the other electrodes during SEC oxidation of SMX under optimum operational conditions. The piezo-potential effect displayed by the FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3 electrode can be said to have impacted the generation of reactive species, with hydroxyl radicals playing a predominant role in the degradation of SMX in the SEC system. Additionally, a positive synergistic index obtained for the electrode revealed that the piezo-polarization effect of the FTO/BaZr(0.1)Ti(0.9)O3 electrode activated during sonocatalysis combined with the electrochemical oxidation process during SEC oxidation can be advantageous for the decomposition of pharmaceuticals and other organic pollutants in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babatope O. Ojo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of JohannesburgDoornfontein 2028JohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Omotayo A. Arotiba
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of JohannesburgDoornfontein 2028JohannesburgSouth Africa,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of JohannesburgSouth Africa
| | - Nonhlangabezo Mabuba
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of JohannesburgDoornfontein 2028JohannesburgSouth Africa,Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of JohannesburgSouth Africa
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