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Ribatti D, Dammacco R. Mast cells in human choroid and their role in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:98. [PMID: 38727918 PMCID: PMC11087330 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-024-01361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The role of mast cells in physiologic and pathological processes extends far beyond the allergy processes: they are involved in wound healing, chronic inflammation, and tumor growth. This short article emphasizes the role played by mast cells in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Mast cells can induce angiogenesis and are present around Bruch's membrane during the early and late stages of choroidal neovascularization in AMD. Proteolytic enzymes released by mast cells lead to thinning of the choroid in AMD as well as degradation of vascular basement membranes and Bruch's membrane, which in turn could result in retinal pigment epithelial death and choriocapillaris degeneration in geographical atrophy and exudative AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Ribatti
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy.
| | - Rosanna Dammacco
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Medical School, Bari, Italy
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2
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Luo LL, Xu J, Wang BQ, Chen C, Chen X, Hu QM, Wang YQ, Zhang WY, Jiang WX, Li XT, Zhou H, Xiao X, Zhao K, Lin S. A novel capsid-XL32-derived adeno-associated virus serotype prompts retinal tropism and ameliorates choroidal neovascularization. Biomaterials 2024; 304:122403. [PMID: 38016335 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy has been adapted, from the laboratory to the clinic, to treat retinopathies. In contrast to subretinal route, intravitreal delivery of AAV vectors displays the advantage of bypassing surgical injuries, but the viral particles are more prone to be nullified by the host neutralizing factors. To minimize such suppression of therapeutic effect, especially in terms of AAV2 and its derivatives, we introduced three serine-to-glycine mutations, based on the phosphorylation sites identified by mass spectrum analysis, to the XL32 capsid to generate a novel serotype named AAVYC5. Via intravitreal administration, AAVYC5 was transduced more effectively into multiple retinal layers compared with AAV2 and XL32. AAVYC5 also enabled successful delivery of anti-angiogenic molecules to rescue laser-induced choroidal neovascularization and astrogliosis in mice and non-human primates. Furthermore, we detected fewer neutralizing antibodies and binding IgG in human sera against AAVYC5 than those specific for AAV2 and XL32. Our results thus implicate this capsid-optimized AAVYC5 as a promising vector suitable for a wide population, particularly those with undesirable AAV2 seroreactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Jie Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Bing-Qiao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Belief BioMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China
| | - Qiu-Mei Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Army Medical Center of PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Wang
- School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wan-Yun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Wan-Xiang Jiang
- Sichuan Greentech Bioscience Co,. Ltd, Bencao Avenue, New Economic Development Zone, Meishan, Sichuan, 620010, China
| | - Xin-Ting Li
- School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Analytical Research Center for Organic and Biological Molecules, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Belief BioMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- School of Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China; Belief BioMed Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.
| | - Sen Lin
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China; Chongqing Institute for Brain and Intelligence, Guangyang Bay Laboratory, Chongqing, 400064, China.
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3
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Li XQ, Zhu KW, Lai J, Wu J, Guo XF. Esophageal Ulcer After Intravitreal Ranibizumab Injection in a Patient With Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Gastroenterology Res 2023; 16:118-124. [PMID: 37187551 PMCID: PMC10181341 DOI: 10.14740/gr1603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Ranibizumab is a monoclonal antibody fragment targeted against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A isoform (VEGF-A). This study aimed to report a case of esophageal ulcer that developed soon after intravitreal ranibizumab injection in a patient with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). A 53-year-old male patient diagnosed with AMD received ranibizumab through intravitreal injection in the left eye. Mild dysphagia occurred 3 days after receiving intravitreal ranibizumab injection for the second time. The dysphagia exacerbated remarkably and was accompanied by hemoptysis 1 day after receiving ranibizumab for the third time. Severe dysphagia accompanied by intense retrosternal pain and pant emerged after injecting ranibizumab for the fourth time. An esophageal ulcer was observed through ultrasound gastroscopy, covered with fibrinous tissue, and surrounded by flushing and congestive mucosae. The patient received proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy combined with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) after discontinuation of ranibizumab. The dysphagia and retrosternal pain were gradually relieved after treatment. Afterwards, the esophageal ulcer has not relapsed since permanent discontinuation of ranibizumab. To our best knowledge, this was the first case of esophageal ulcer related to intravitreal ranibizumab injection. Our study indicated that VEGF-A played a potential role in the development of esophageal ulceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Qing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Ganzhou People’s hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
- These authors have contributed equally to this article
- Corresponding Author: Xin Qing Li, Department of Pharmacy, Ganzhou People’s hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China.
| | - Ke Wei Zhu
- Office of Pharmacovigilance, Guangzhou Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Holding Co., Ltd. Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical General Factory, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
- These authors have contributed equally to this article
| | - Jun Lai
- Department of Pharmacy, Ganzhou People’s hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ganzhou People’s hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiao Fang Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Ganzhou People’s hospital (The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University), Ganzhou 341000, Jiangxi Province, China
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4
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Servillo A, Zucchiatti I, Sacconi R, Parravano M, Querques L, La Rubia P, Prascina F, Bandello F, Querques G. The state-of-the-art pharmacotherapeutic management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2023; 24:197-206. [PMID: 36469544 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2154145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of central visual loss in the developed world. Although the pathogenesis is not fully understood, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered the most important growth factor involved in angiogenesis and exudation in neovascular AMD eyes. Advances in anti-VEGF agents have changed the treatment approach for wet AMD, allowing better outcomes in visual acuity and retinal anatomy. AREAS COVERED The present review describes the main pharmacological and clinical characteristics of anti-VEGF drugs, focusing firstly on the molecules commonly in use and then on the new candidate therapies. We performed a comprehensive literature search using the PubMed database from 1 January 1993 to 1 June 2022, with search terms including anti-VEGF, biosimilar, neovascular macular degeneration, AMD, and safety. EXPERT OPINION The management of AMD is still onerous for both the physician and patient due to the great number of required injections. Current research is underway to resolve not only the economic burden but also the discomfort of patients, aiming to develop a drug with a different or a multiple target, increasing the potency whilst maintaining a good safety profile. Furthermore, clinical research is currently investigating different forms of drug administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Servillo
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Zucchiatti
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Sacconi
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Lea Querques
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paula La Rubia
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Prascina
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandello
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Querques
- Division of Head and Neck, Ophthalmology Unit, IRCSS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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5
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Rasoulinejad SA, Sarreshtehdari N, Mafi AR. The crosstalk between VEGF signaling pathway and long non-coding RNAs in neovascular retinal diseases: Implications for anti-VEGF therapy. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Chung SH, Frick SL, Yiu G. Targeting vascular endothelial growth factor using retinal gene therapy. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1277. [PMID: 34532414 PMCID: PMC8421957 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-4417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacotherapies targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have revolutionized the management for neovascular retinal disorders including diabetic retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration. However, the burden of frequent injections, high cost, and treatment resistance in some patients remain unresolved. To overcome these challenges, newer generations of anti-angiogenic biological therapies, engineered proteins, implantable delivery systems, and biopolymers are currently being developed to enable more sustained, longer-lasting treatments. The use of gene therapies for pathologic angiogenesis has garnered renewed interests since the first FDA-approval of a gene therapy to treat inherited retinal diseases associated with biallelic RPE65 mutations. Newer generations of viral vectors and novel methods of intraocular injections helped overcome ocular barriers, improving the efficiency of transduction as well as safety profile. In addition, unlike current anti-VEGF gene therapy strategies which employ a biofactory approach to mimic existing pharmacotherapies, novel genome editing strategies that target pro-angiogenic factors at the DNA level offer a unique and distinct mechanistic approach that can potentially be more precise and lead to a permanent cure. Here, we review current anti-VEGF therapies and newer pharmacologic agents under development, examine technologies and progress in adapting anti-VEGF gene therapies, and explore the future application of CRISPR-Cas9 technology to suppress ocular angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sook H Chung
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Sonia L Frick
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Glenn Yiu
- Department of Ophthalmology & Vision Science, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA
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7
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Abstract
Ranibizumab (Lucentis®) is a monoclonal antibody fragment targeted against VEGF-A that is the first approved anti-VEGF agent for the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). In the pivotal, randomized, phase III RAINBOW trial in infants with ROP, the majority of intravitreal ranibizumab recipients experienced treatment success at 24 weeks, with a numerically greater treatment success rate in the ranibizumab 0.2 mg (80% of patients) than laser therapy (66%) group without reaching statistical significance for superiority. Long-term effects on vision following ranibizumab treatment are not yet known, but interim analyses from the RAINBOW extension study do not show evidence of degraded vision. Adverse reactions to ranibizumab in pediatric patients were consistent with the known safety profile in adults, with most adverse reactions attributed to the intravitreal injection procedure. Furthermore, systemic VEGF suppression was not observed in clinical trials, which is congruent with the rapid systemic clearance of ranibizumab. Overall, ranibizumab is an effective and generally well tolerated treatment for ROP and is not associated with systemic VEGF suppression. Although results for its long-term effects on vision are not yet available, ranibizumab is a promising alternative option to laser therapy for treating ROP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Lee
- Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand.
| | - Matt Shirley
- Springer Nature, Private Bag 65901, Mairangi Bay, Auckland, 0754, New Zealand
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8
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Tan W, Zou J, Yoshida S, Jiang B, Zhou Y. The Role of Inflammation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:2989-3001. [PMID: 33061811 PMCID: PMC7545698 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.49890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a blinding eye disease which incidence gradually increases with age. Inflammation participates in AMD pathogenesis, including choroidal neovascularization and geographic atrophy. It is also a kind of self-protective regulation from injury for the eyes. In this review, we described inflammation in AMD pathogenesis, summarized the roles played by inflammation-related cytokines, including pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, as well as leukocytes (macrophages, dendritic cells, neutrophils, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes) in the innate or adaptive immunity in AMD. Possible clinical applications such as potential diagnostic biomarkers and anti-inflammatory therapies were also discussed. This review overviews the inflammation as a target of novel effective therapies in treating AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Jingling Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Shigeo Yoshida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Bing Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
| | - Yedi Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China.,Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan 410011, China
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9
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Jung E, Jung WK, Park S, Kim HR, Kim J. Aucuba japonica extract inhibits retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, with its bioactive components preventing VEGF-induced retinal vascular hyperpermeability. Food Sci Nutr 2020; 8:2895-2903. [PMID: 32566207 PMCID: PMC7300051 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Neovascularization in the retina is common pathophysiology of diabetic retinal microvasculopathy and exudative macular degeneration. Our study assessed the inhibitory activity of an ethanol-based extract of Aucuba japonica (AJE) on abnormal angiogenesis in the retina with a hyperoxia-induced neovascular retinopathy model. The inhibitory effects of aucubin, quercetin, and kaempferol, bioactive compounds, from A. japonica, on retinal vascular hyperpermeability were also examined. On the 7th postnatal day (P7), the C57BL/6 pups were exposed to a hyperoxic environment with 75% oxygen to develop the experimental angiogenesis in retinas. On the 12th postnatal day (P12), the pups were then returned to the normal atmospheric pressure of oxygen. From P12 to P16, the administration was intraperitoneal. The dose per day was 250 mg per kg weight. Retinal neovascularization was measured with retinal flat mounts prepared on P17. We also measured the vascular leakage mediated by the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in retinas. Mice treated with AJE had markedly smaller neovascular lesions, in comparison with vehicle-administered mice. AJE downregulated the expression of both VEGF protein and mRNA. In addition, aucubin, quercetin, and kaempferol ameliorated VEGF-induced retinal vascular leakage. The results of our study suggest that AJE is a potent antiangiogenic substance. AJE could also serve as a therapeutic agent for abnormal growth of vessels in the retina in patients with ischemic retinopathy. The bioactive compounds of AJE may be responsible for its antiangiogenic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunsoo Jung
- Laboratory of ToxicologyResearch Institute for Veterinary Science and College of Veterinary MedicineSeoul National UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Woo Kwon Jung
- Department of Oral PathologySchool of DentistryJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuKorea
| | - Su‐Bin Park
- Department of Oral PathologySchool of DentistryJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuKorea
| | - Hyung Rae Kim
- Department of Oral PathologySchool of DentistryJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuKorea
| | - Junghyun Kim
- Department of Oral PathologySchool of DentistryJeonbuk National UniversityJeonjuKorea
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Tounakaki O, Tsakou Α, Malamas A, Chrisoula D, Ioannis S, Elias Z. Assessment of reporting quality of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials in neovascular age-related macular degeneration published from April 2014 to May 2018 using prisma statement. Int Ophthalmol 2020; 40:1163-1180. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-019-01282-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Bhardwaj T, Rathore AS, Jha SK. The selection of highly specific and selective aptamers using modified SELEX and their use in process analytical techniques for Lucentis bioproduction. RSC Adv 2020; 10:28906-28917. [PMID: 35520059 PMCID: PMC9055848 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03542d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aptamers for Lucentis were selected using 10 rounds of a modified and highly stringent SELEX process. Affinity column chromatography was used for the binding, partitioning, and elution steps, and the regeneration of ssDNA was performed via asymmetric PCR in the SELEX process. The interaction of aptamers with Lucentis was studied by means of the HADDOCK web server docking program. In addition, the secondary structures of aptamers were interrogated using the mfold web server to check common regions responsible for better affinity towards Lucentis. The two best aptamers for Lucentis (aptamers 1 and 25) were found to have dissociation constant (Kd) values between 23 and 35 nM by means of thermofluorimetric and non-faradaic impedance spectroscopy (NFIS) analysis. The low dissociation constants in the nanomolar range showed the high specificities of the aptamers for Lucentis. Selectivity tests were also performed using both aptamers with different proteins in which negligible responses were obtained from interfering proteins with respect to Lucentis. Although neither of the two aptamers showed prominent responses to the interfering proteins, slightly better selectivity was shown by aptamer 1. The same aptamers were tested for their application in the detection of Lucentis in spiked and real media broth samples. For this detection test, interdigitated (IDT) gold electrodes on a glass substrate were fabricated using standard photolithography and thermal deposition techniques. NFIS measurements were used for the label-free detection of Lucentis in samples. The linear ranges of detection for aptamers 1 and 25 were found to be 22–100 nM and 40–100 nM, respectively. The LODs for aptamers 1 and 25 were calculated to be 22 nM and 40 nM, respectively, which were significantly better than the values from a HPLC-based detection method (about 240 nM). The real sample analysis results were cross-checked via a standard HPLC method, and better correlation was found between the HPLC and aptamer 1 results than the aptamer 25 results; hence, aptamer 1 can be further analyzed and tested for use in affinity column chromatography and detection-kit/chip-based PAT for Lucentis bioproduction. Highly specific and selective aptamers for Lucentis were selected using 10 rounds of a modified and highly stringent SELEX process.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanu Bhardwaj
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Anurag S. Rathore
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Jha
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering
- Indian Institute of Technology
- New Delhi-110016
- India
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Barmas-Alamdari D, D’Souza HS, Kapoor KG, Wagner AL. Intravitreal Ziv-Aflibercept: A Comprehensive Review. Semin Ophthalmol 2019; 34:420-435. [DOI: 10.1080/08820538.2019.1641526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haley S. D’Souza
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Ophthalmology Research, Wagner Macula and Retina Center, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Kapil G. Kapoor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Ophthalmology Research, Wagner Macula and Retina Center, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
| | - Alan L. Wagner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
- Ophthalmology Research, Wagner Macula and Retina Center, Virginia Beach, Virginia, USA
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13
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Ferro Desideri L, Barra F, Ferrero S, Traverso CE, Nicolò M. Clinical efficacy and safety of ranibizumab in the treatment of wet age-related macular degeneration. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2019; 19:735-751. [DOI: 10.1080/14712598.2019.1627322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Ferro Desideri
- University Eye Clinic of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Barra
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simone Ferrero
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Enrico Traverso
- University Eye Clinic of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Massimo Nicolò
- University Eye Clinic of Genoa, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DiNOGMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
- Macula Onlus Foundation, Genoa, Italy
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14
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Kim SH, Kil IS, Kwon OS, Kang BS, Lee DS, Lee HS, Lee JH, Park JW. Oxalomalate reduces tumor progression in melanoma via ROS-dependent proapoptotic and antiangiogenic effects. Biochimie 2019; 158:165-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Meng Y, Liu HW, Sun P, Zhou PP, Wang JJ. Omega-3 and ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration: A systematic review protocol. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14516. [PMID: 30921177 PMCID: PMC6455935 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Omega-3 and ranibizumab (O3R) has been reported to treat age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) effectively. However, up to the present, no systematic review specifically addressed the efficacy of O3R for the treatment of ARMD. Therefore, in this study, we will propose to assess the efficacy and safety of O3R for the treatment of ARMD. METHODS We will search PUMBED, EMBASE, CINAHI, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP Information, Wanfang Data, as well as the gray literature from inception up to the present. We will accept randomized controlled trials for assessing the efficacy and safety of O3R for ARMD. The primary outcomes include change in best corrected visual acuity and central retinal thickness. The secondary outcomes consist of changes in subfoveal choroidal thickness, macular atrophy, retinal average sensitivity, contrast sensitivity, glare disability, and quality of life. In addition, incidence and severity of adverse events will also be evaluated. Cochrane Collaboration tool will be used to assess the risk of bias for each included study. In addition, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation tool will be utilized to assess the overall strength of the evidence. Two authors will independently carry out all procedures and any divergences will be solved through discussion with a third author. If it is possible, we will conduct meta-analysis and subgroup analysis concerning different interventions, risk of bias, and outcome measurements. RESULTS In this proposed study, we outline details of the aims and methods of efficacy and safety of O3R for the treatment of ARMD. CONCLUSION The findings of this systematic review will summarize current evidence of O3R for the treatment of patients with ARMD. DISSEMINATION AND ETHICS The results of the present study are expected to be published by peer-reviewed journals. This is a literature-based study. Thus, ethical approval is unnecessary for this study. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42019121177.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University
| | - Hong-wei Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University
| | - Peng Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University
| | - Ping-ping Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University
| | - Jian-jie Wang
- Department of Immunology, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China
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Boda SK, Li X, Xie J. Electrospraying an enabling technology for pharmaceutical and biomedical applications: A review. JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE 2018; 125:164-181. [PMID: 30662086 PMCID: PMC6333098 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Electrospraying (ES) is a robust and versatile technique for the fabrication of micro- and nanoparticulate materials of various compositions, morphologies, shapes, textures and sizes. The physics of ES provides a great degree of flexibility towards the materials design of choice with desired physicochemical and biological properties. Not surprising, this technology has become an important tool for the production of micro- and nanostructured materials, especially in the pharmaceutical and biomedical arena. In this review, a basic introduction to the fundamentals of ES along with a brief description of the experimental parameters that can be manipulated to obtain micro- and nanostructured materials of desired composition, size, and configuration are outlined. A greater focus of this review is to bring to light the broad range of electrosprayed materials and their applications in drug delivery, biomedical imaging, implant coating, tissue engineering, and sensing. Taken together, this review will provide an appreciation of this unique technology, which can be used to fabricate micro- and nanostructured materials with tremendous applications in the pharmaceutical and biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Boda
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
| | - Xiaoran Li
- Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary & Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, United States
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c-Jun-mediated microRNA-302d-3p induces RPE dedifferentiation by targeting p21 Waf1/Cip1. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:451. [PMID: 29670082 PMCID: PMC5906557 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Dedifferentiation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) contributes to the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have crucial roles in AMD onset and progression. We thus aim to investigate the effects of miRNAs on RPE dedifferentiation and endothelium cell (EC) behavior, and analyze its downstream pathways. We have previously identified miR-302d-3p as the most downregulated miRNA signature along with RPE differentiation. Herein, in vitro study supported that miR-302d-3p induces RPE dedifferentiation typified by reduction of RPE characteristic markers, interrupts its phagocytosis, and promotes its migration, proliferation, and cell-cycle progression. c-Jun was identified as a potential upstream transcript factor for MIR302D, which might modulate RPE function by regulating miR-302d-3p expression. P21Waf1/Cip1, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor encoded by the CDKN1A gene, was identified as a downstream target of miR-302d-3p. Our data suggested that p21Waf1/Cip1 could promote RPE differentiation, and inhibit its proliferation, migration, and cell-cycle progression. We also demonstrated that miR-302d-3p suppresses RPE differentiation through directly targeting p21Waf1/Cip1. In addition, the miR-302d-3p/CDKN1A axis was also involved in regulating tube formation of ECs, indicating its potential involvement in CNV formation. Taken together, our study implies that miR-302d-3p, regulated by c-Jun, contributes to the pathogenesis of both atrophic and exudative AMD. MiR-302d-3p promotes RPE dedifferentiation, migration, proliferation and cell-cycle progression, inhibits RPE phagocytosis, and induces abnormal EC behavior by targeting p21Waf1/Cip1. Pharmacological miR-302d-3p inhibitors are prospective therapeutic options for prevention and treatment of AMD.
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Aster koraiensis Extract and Chlorogenic Acid Inhibit Retinal Angiogenesis in a Mouse Model of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:6402650. [PMID: 29849715 PMCID: PMC5937502 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6402650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aster koraiensis extract (AKE) is a standard dietary herbal supplement. Chlorogenic acid (CA) is the major compound present in AKE. Retinal neovascularization is a common pathophysiology of retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, and wet form age-related macular degeneration. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of AKE and CA on retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced tube formation was assayed in human vascular endothelial cells. Experimental retinal neovascularization was induced by exposing C57BL/6 mice to 75% oxygen on postnatal day 7 (P7) and then returning them to normal oxygen pressure on P12. AKE (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) and CA (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) were administered intraperitoneally for 5 days (P12–P16). Retinal flat mounts were prepared to measure the extent of retinal neovascularization at P17. The incubation of human vascular endothelial cells with AKE and CA (1–10 μg/mL) resulted in the inhibition of VEGF-mediated tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. The neovascular area was significantly smaller in AKE or CA-treated mice than in the vehicle-treated mice. These results suggest that AKE is a potent antiangiogenic agent and that its antiangiogenic activity may, in part, be attributable to the bioactive component CA.
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EGHB010, a Standardized Extract of Paeoniae Radix and Glycyrrhizae Radix, Inhibits VEGF-Induced Tube Formation In Vitro and Retinal Vascular Leakage and Choroidal Neovascularization In Vivo. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:1568702. [PMID: 29234364 PMCID: PMC5646325 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1568702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
EGHB010 is a hot water extract of the rhizome mixture of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and vascular leakage are the common pathophysiologies of age-related macular degeneration. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of EGHB010 on retinal vascular leakage and laser-induced CNV in a rat model. Vascular endothelial growth factor- (VEGF-) induced tube formation was assayed in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Intravitreal VEGF-induced blood-retinal barrier breakdown was assayed in Sprague-Dawley rats. Experimental CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation in Brown Norway rats. EGHB010 (50 and 100 mg/kg/day) was administered orally for 10 days after laser photocoagulation. Choroidal flat mounts were prepared to measure the lesion size of CNV. Incubation of retinal vascular endothelial cells with EGHB010 (12.5 and 25 μg/mL) resulted in the inhibition of VEGF-induced tube formation in a dose-dependent manner. VEGF-mediated retinal vascular leakage was blocked by the oral administration of EGHB010. The CNV area was significantly lower in EGHB010-treated rats than in vehicle-treated rats. These results suggest that EGHB010 is a potent antiangiogenic agent. Thus, the oral administration of EGHB010 may have a beneficial effect in the treatment of vascular leakage and CNV in patients with age-related macular degeneration.
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Ryu J, Seong H, Yoon NA, Seo SW, Park JW, Kang SS, Park JM, Han YS. Tristetraprolin regulates the decay of the hypoxia-induced vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA in ARPE-19 cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:5395-5400. [PMID: 27840917 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of tristetraprolin (TTP) on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and protein expression levels in retinal pigment epithelial cells under hypoxic conditions, and to consider the possibility of using TTP as a novel treatment tool for neovascular age‑related macular degeneration (AMD). Overexpression of TTP reduced the expression and secretion levels of VEGF in ARPE‑19 cells under hypoxic conditions. TTP destabilized the VEGF mRNA by binding to adenosine and uridine‑rich elements regions in its 3'‑untranslated region. Furthermore, conditioned medium (CM) from TTP‑overexpressing ARPE‑19 cells suppressed the tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells compared with hypoxic CM. These findings indicate that regulation of TTP expression may be a promising therapeutic tool for neovascular AMD, however, further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhyun Ryu
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyemin Seong
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Nal Ae Yoon
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Wook Seo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Woo Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 44610, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Science, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Moon Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Seop Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongnam 52727, Republic of Korea
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Arnold JJ, Markey CM, Kurstjens NP, Guymer RH. The role of sub-retinal fluid in determining treatment outcomes in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration--a phase IV randomised clinical trial with ranibizumab: the FLUID study. BMC Ophthalmol 2016; 16:31. [PMID: 27009515 PMCID: PMC4806513 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-016-0207-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background With increasing experience using anti-VEGF therapy for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), ophthalmologists have shifted away from a “one size fits all” to an “individualised” approach based on disease activity with the aim of achieving a fluid-free retina. The FLUID study investigates the non-inferiority of a Treat and Extend (T&E) protocol of 0.5 mg ranibizumab, which allows treatment extension in the presence of incomplete resolution of sub-retinal fluid (SRF) ≤200 μm at the foveal centre relative to a T&E protocol that requires complete resolution of all retinal fluid (i.e., both SRF and intra-retinal fluid [IRF]) in patients with nAMD. Methods/Design This 24 month, randomised, phase IV trial has completed recruitment of treatment-naïve patients randomised 1:1 to ranibizumab “intensive” treatment (complete resolution of IRF and SRF) or ranibizumab “relaxed” treatment (resolution of IRF or >200 μm SRF only at foveal centre). Patients in both arms follow a T&E regimen where extension decisions are based upon assessment of lesion activity: loss of ≥5 letters of visual acuity, new haemorrhage, presence of IRF and SRF on an optical coherence tomography (OCT) scan. The determination of SRF is conducted at a reading centre while the assessment of IRF is physician-determined. The primary endpoint is the mean change in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) from baseline to 24 months. Secondary endpoints include the mean change in central retinal thickness (CRT) from baseline to 12 and 24 months, the number of ranibizumab injections administered at 12 and 24 months, and the pharmacogenomic assessment of AMD Gene Consortium-identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their association with treatment response. Three hundred and forty seven (347) patients have been recruited by 16 Australian sites within approximately 16 months. A protocol to adjudicate on SRF has been established by the central reading centre and is demonstrating good concordance with investigator assessment. Discussion This study will provide important insights into retreatment criteria for managing nAMD using a T&E regimen. The current paper describes the clinical rationale for using a less intensive treatment approach using ranibizumab and details of the treatment protocol. Trial registration Trial registration number: NCT01972789. Date of registration: 24th October 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer J Arnold
- Marsden Eye Specialists, 152 Marsden St, Parramatta, NSW, 2150, Australia.
| | - Caroline M Markey
- Markey Medical Consulting Pty Ltd, PO Box 136, Frenchs Forest, NSW, 1640, Australia
| | - Nicol P Kurstjens
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Australia, Pty Ltd, 54 Waterloo Rd, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2113, Australia
| | - Robyn H Guymer
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, University of Melbourne, 32 Gisborne St, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia
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McCloud C, Lake S. Understanding the patient's lived experience of neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a qualitative study. Eye (Lond) 2015; 29:1561-9. [PMID: 26381099 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2015.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In industrialised populations age-related macular degeneration (ARMD) is the leading cause of visual disability of the elderly. Successful new treatment with anti-endothelial growth factors for neovascular-classified ARMD has led to a divergence in treatment and experiences of people ARMD. This study aimed to understand the participant's experience of neovascular ARMD, including ongoing treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor. METHODS Twenty-five participants from one clinical site were qualitatively interviewed to elicit their experiences of treatment for neovascular ARMD. RESULTS Two major themes were identified. A life negotiated by neovascular ARMD captures the participants' experience of living with the condition and treatment regime for neovascular ARMD. The second major theme: Uncertainty displayed their appraisal of life, treatment and their perceived future. CONCLUSIONS Anxieties concerning the injections, new limitations to lifestyles, and an uncertain future all emerged from the data analysis. However, thankfulness for the treatment, the importance of familiar patterns in treatments and recovery and a guarded optimism also emerged. Knowledge of the experiences, anxieties and concerns of this patient population can be used to inform clinical practice and lead to patient-centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- C McCloud
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - S Lake
- Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Eldem BM, Muftuoglu G, Topbaş S, Çakir M, Kadayifcilar S, Özmert E, Bahçecioğlu H, Sahin F, Sevgi S. A randomized trial to compare the safety and efficacy of two ranibizumab dosing regimens in a Turkish cohort of patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to AMD. Acta Ophthalmol 2015; 93:e458-64. [PMID: 25160859 DOI: 10.1111/aos.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare visual outcomes, number of visits and ranibizumab injections in patients treated with a Wait & Extend (W&E) or Treat & Observe (T&O) regimen. METHODS This 12-month, randomized, multicentre, open-label study enrolled patients aged ≥ 50 years with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to AMD who had not received anti-VEGF agents. Patients received three monthly injections of ranibizumab before randomization (1:1): (i) T&O patients were examined monthly and retreated if needed, (ii) W&E patients had a follow-up visit 1 month later. If no lesions were active, the interval to the next visit was extended by 2 weeks to a maximum of 8 weeks. Active lesions were re-treated and the follow-up schedule restarted. Primary end-point was change in BCVA at Month 12. RESULTS Of the 104 screened patients, 99 were eligible and received ≥ 1 ranibizumab injection; 93 were randomized (T&O: 45, W&E: 48). The median (interquartile range [IQR]) change in BCVA (logMAR) from baseline at Month 12 was similar between groups (T&O: -0.12 [0.38]; W&E: -0.18 [0.32], p = 0.267). Median (IQR) number of visits at study end (including screening, baseline and control visit after 1st injection) was 15.0 (1.0) for T&O, and 12.0 (2.0) for W&E (p < 0.001). Injection numbers were similar between groups (median [IQR]: 6.0 [3.0] and 5.0 [4.0], respectively, p = 0.215). Adverse events were similar between groups. CONCLUSION W&E regimen resulted in a similar efficacy and safety profile to the labelled T&O regimen in patients with CNV secondary to AMD, and may help reduce the burden of follow-up visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bora M. Eldem
- Faculty of Medicine; Hacettepe University; Ankara Turkey
| | - Gulipek Muftuoglu
- Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine; Istanbul University; Istanbul Turkey
| | - Seyhan Topbaş
- Faculty of Medicine; Osmangazi University; Eskisehir Turkey
| | - Mehmet Çakir
- Prof. Dr. N. Reşat Belger Beyoglu Eye Diseases Training Hospital; Istanbul Turkey
| | | | - Emin Özmert
- Faculty of Medicine; Ankara University; Ankara Turkey
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Kim JH, Cho NC, Kim WJ. Intravitreal Aflibercept for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration Resistant to Bevacizumab and Ranibizumab. JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SOCIETY 2015. [DOI: 10.3341/jkos.2015.56.9.1359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ha Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Nam Chun Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Woo Jin Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
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Amore FM, Fortini S, Silvestri V, Sulfaro M, Pacifici A, Turco S. Vision Rehabilitation in Patients with Age-related Macular Degeneration. Rehabil Process Outcome 2014. [DOI: 10.4137/rpo.s12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate the rehabilitative process and visual rehabilitation outcomes in patients with central vision loss due to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Ninety-five subjects with AMD selected from the attendees of the National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients—International Agency for Prevention of Blindness—IAPB Italia Onlus, were evaluated for this retrospective study. Low vision examination included psychological counseling, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), near visual acuity, Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity, and fixation stability analysis. Once the clinical assessment was completed, patients attended a low-vision rehabilitative pathway based on visual stimulation, devices training and, if needed, psychological support. Required magnification and reading speed were also evaluated. Results For the whole sample, the mean BCVA of the better eye was 0.7 (±0.2) LogMAR and of the worse eye was 1 (±0.2) LogMAR. Restoring reading ability was the most important focus for the patients examined as it was requested by 85% of the whole sample. Mean power of optical magnifying aids for near activities was 10.6 (±9.1) positive spherical diopters. Mean reading speed for the whole sample was 33.1 (±18.2) words per minute (wpm) before visual rehabilitation sessions and increased to 55.2 (±33.1) wpm after visual rehabilitation path. To cope with distance difficulties, 78 distance refractive correction, 10 Galilean telescopes, and 7 Keplerian telescopes were prescribed. For intermediate distance activities, 22 compensation lenses and 10 Galilean telescopes were suggested. Moreover, PC magnifier softwares were prescribed to nine patients. Sixty-five polarized medical filters were prescribed to reduce glare of sunlight. Because of unstable fixation in their better eye (32.3% (±19.7) within 2° circle and 54.8% (±22.9) within 4° circle) and visual acuity < 1.2 LogMAR in the fellow eye, 38 subjects, before starting the devices training sessions, attended a bio-feedback rehabilitation session with flickering pattern stimulus. In these subjects, fixation stability increased significantly to 75.6 (±14.9) within 2° and 89.4 (±19.5) within 4° ( P < 0.05), respectively. Conclusions Attending a customized low-vision intervention based on a multidisciplinary approach seems to be effective for improving visual functions in AMD. Both optical/electronic magnifiers and specific visual stimulation program can enhance visual performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo M. Amore
- National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients, International Agency for Prevention of Blindness—IAPB Italia Onlus, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Fortini
- National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients, International Agency for Prevention of Blindness—IAPB Italia Onlus, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Silvestri
- National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients, International Agency for Prevention of Blindness—IAPB Italia Onlus, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Sulfaro
- National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients, International Agency for Prevention of Blindness—IAPB Italia Onlus, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessia Pacifici
- National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients, International Agency for Prevention of Blindness—IAPB Italia Onlus, Rome, Italy
| | - Simona Turco
- National Centre of Services and Research for the Prevention of Blindness and Rehabilitation of Low Vision Patients, International Agency for Prevention of Blindness—IAPB Italia Onlus, Rome, Italy
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Intravitreal Aflibercept Outcomes in Patients with Persistent Macular Exudate Previously Treated with Bevacizumab and/or Ranibizumab for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration. J Ophthalmol 2014; 2014:497178. [PMID: 25505976 PMCID: PMC4258314 DOI: 10.1155/2014/497178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To assess whether intravitreal aflibercept (2.0 mg) can effectively reduce persistent macular exudate and enhance visual acuity in ranibizumab (0.5 mg) and/or bevacizumab (1.25 mg) treatment resistant patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. Methods. This retrospective study included 47 treatment resistant eyes from 47 patients switched to intravitreal aflibercept injections after receiving a minimum of 3 injections with either ranibizumab or bevacizumab. Snellen visual acuity and optical coherence tomography were assessed just prior to the first injection (baseline) and prior to the fourth injection (final). Additionally, anatomical regions of persistent macular exudate were tracked to determine if these areas yielded varying responses to aflibercept. Results. At baseline, patients had received an average of 11.3 injections with any prior anti-VEGF drug (SD 5.96). For whole group analysis, baseline and final central retinal thickness were 370.57 µm and 295.7 µm (P ≤ .001), respectively. Baseline and final retinal fluid volumes were 4.81 mm3 and 4.37 mm3 (P ≤ .001), respectively. Baseline and final logMAR were 0.56 and 0.53 (P = 0.301), respectively. Anatomic location of persistent exudate did not appreciably alter treatment outcome. Conclusion. Central retinal thickness and total retinal fluid volume were reduced in ranibizumab and/or bevacizumab treatment resistant patients following three aflibercept injections. No appreciable change in visual acuity was noted.
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Systemic adverse events after intravitreal bevacizumab versus ranibizumab for age-related macular degeneration: a meta-analysis. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109744. [PMID: 25330364 PMCID: PMC4199620 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To assess whether the incidence of systemic adverse events differs between those who used bevacizumab and those who used ranibizumab in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods A systematic literature search was conducted to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the use of intravitreal bevacizumab with the use of ranibizumab in AMD patients. Results were expressed as risk ratios (RRs) with accompanying 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The data were pooled using the fixed-effect or random-effect model according to the heterogeneity present. Results Four RCTs were included in the final meta-analysis. Overall, the quality of the evidence was high. There were 2,613 treated patients: 1,291 treated with bevacizumab and 1,322 treated with ranibicizumab. No significant differences between bevacizumab use and ranizumab use were found in terms of the incidence of death from all causes, arteriothrombotic events, stroke, nonfatal myocardial infarction, vascular death, venous thrombotic events, and hypertension, with the pooled RRs being 1.11 (0.77, 1.61), 1.03 (0.69,1.55), 0.84 (0.39,1.80), 0.97 (0.48, 1.96), 1.24 (0.63, 2.44), 2.38 (0.94, 6.04), and 1.02 (0.29, 3.62), respectively. Conclusions The meta-analysis shows that both treatments are comparably safe. However, the findings from our study must be confirmed in future research via well-designed cohort or intervention studies because of the limited number of studies.
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Nagai N, Kubota S, Tsubota K, Ozawa Y. Resveratrol prevents the development of choroidal neovascularization by modulating AMP-activated protein kinase in macrophages and other cell types. J Nutr Biochem 2014; 25:1218-1225. [PMID: 25091551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) is a critical step in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a vision-threatening disease. In this study, we used a mouse model of AMD to study the protective effects of resveratrol (RSV) supplementation against CNV as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. Mice were orally pretreated with RSV daily for 5 days. On the fifth day, the mice underwent laser photocoagulation to induce CNV. One week after laser treatment, CNV volume was significantly lower in the RSV-treated mice compared with vehicle-treated animals. In addition, RSV treatment significantly inhibited macrophage infiltration into the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid and suppressed the expression of inflammatory and angiogenic molecules, including vascular endothelial growth factor, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1. Importantly, RSV prevented the CNV-induced decrease in activated AMP-activated protein kinase and increase in activated nuclear factor-κB in the RPE-choroid complex. The regulatory effects of RSV on these molecules were confirmed in RPE, microvascular endothelial and macrophage cell lines. Inhibition of macrophage infiltration by RSV was confirmed by in vitro scratch and migration assays. RSV suppressed CNV development, reducing the levels of multiple cytokines secreted from several cell types and inhibiting macrophage migration. The direct effects of RSV on each cell type were confirmed in vitro. Although further studies are needed, RSV could potentially be applied in the clinic to prevent CNV development in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiro Nagai
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kubota
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Tsubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Ozawa
- Laboratory of Retinal Cell Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
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Gungel H, Osmanbasoglu OA, Altan C, Baylancicek DO, Pasaoglu IB. The effects of ranibizumab injections on fluorescein angiographic findings and visual acuity recovery in age-related macular degeneration. Clin Ophthalmol 2014; 8:981-8. [PMID: 24899794 PMCID: PMC4038425 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s61871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The objective of the study reported here was to evaluate the effect of ranibizumab on retinal circulation times and vessel caliber and to analyze the correlation of these factors with visual acuity (VA) prognosis in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Subjects and methods This prospective cohort study included 52 eyes of 46 patients (mean age 73.5 years [standard deviation 7.7]; 28 males, 18 females). The study parameters were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central macular thickness (CMT) (pre- and posttreatment: for 3 months after the last injection), retinal circulation times, diameter of retinal arteriole (DRA), and diameter of retinal vein (DRV) (pre- and posttreatment: after a loading dose of three consecutive injections of ranibizumab with a 4-week interval in the initial phase). The pretreatment, posttreatment measurements, and their differences were recorded for analyses. The injections were repeated when needed. Eyes were grouped into one of two groups according to VA recovery: Group 1, cases showing significant recovery of VA (n=21, 37%), and Group 2, cases showing preservation of VA (n=22, 42%) and deterioration of VA (n=11, 21%). Differences were compared statistically in and between groups. Logistic regression analysis was undertaken to determine the correlation of these parameters with VA recovery. Results There was a significant reduction in DRA (P=0.007) and CMT levels (P<0.001) in both study groups after treatment. When the two groups were compared, the differences in pretreatment values of DRA (P=0.001), DRV (P=0.017), CMT (P=0.039), and mean BCVA (P=0.00) were found to be statistically significant. Posttreatment changes in DRA (P=0.013) and mean CMT (P=0.010) were found to be factors related to VA recovery by logistic regression analysis. Conclusion Our findings reveal that ranibizumab treatment is associated with decrease in DRA, CMT, and significant improvement in VA recovery. Further, taking into account the cases in which VA was preserved, when needed, ranibizumab should be re-injected after the loading dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hulya Gungel
- Istanbul Education and Research Hospital, Eye Clinic, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Cigdem Altan
- Beyoglu Eye Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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van Lookeren Campagne M, LeCouter J, Yaspan BL, Ye W. Mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration and therapeutic opportunities. J Pathol 2013; 232:151-64. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2013] [Revised: 09/09/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer LeCouter
- Molecular Biology Department; Genentech; South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Brian L Yaspan
- ITGR Human Genetics Department; Genentech; South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
| | - Weilan Ye
- Molecular Biology Department; Genentech; South San Francisco CA 94080 USA
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Lyseng-Williamson KA, Frampton JE. Ranibizumab: points to consider when using it to treat neovascular age-related macular degeneration according to EU labelling. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-013-0062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Semeraro F, Morescalchi F, Duse S, Parmeggiani F, Gambicorti E, Costagliola C. Aflibercept in wet AMD: specific role and optimal use. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2013; 7:711-22. [PMID: 23990705 PMCID: PMC3749085 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s40215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a naturally occurring glycoprotein in the body that acts as a growth factor for endothelial cells. It regulates angiogenesis, enhances vascular permeability, and plays a major role in wet age-related macular degeneration. The consistent association between choroidal neovascularization and increased VEGF expression provides a strong reason for exploring the therapeutic potential of anti-VEGF agents in the treatment of this disorder. Blockade of VEGF activity is currently the most effective strategy for arresting choroidal angiogenesis and reducing vascular permeability, which is frequently the main cause of visual acuity deterioration. In recent years, a number of other molecules have been developed to increase the efficacy and to prolong the durability of the anti-VEGF effect. Aflibercept (EYLEA®; Regeneron Pharmaceutical Inc and Bayer), also named VEGF Trap-eye, is the most recent member of the anti-VEGF armamentarium that was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in November 2011. Because of its high binding affinity and long duration of action, this drug is considered to be a promising clinically proven anti-VEGF agent for the treatment of wet maculopathy. Objective This article reviews the current literature and clinical trial data regarding the efficacy and the pharmacological properties of VEGF-Trap eye and describes the possible advantages of its use over the currently used “older” anti-VEGF drugs. Methods For this review, a search of PubMed from January 1989 to May 2013 was performed using the following terms (or combination of terms): vascular endothelial growth factors, VEGF, age-related macular degeneration, VEGF-Trap eye in wet AMD, VEGF-Trap eye in diabetic retinopathy, VEGF-Trap eye in retinal vein occlusions, aflibercept. Studies were limited to those published in English. Results and conclusion Two Phase III clinical trials, VEGF Trap-eye Investigation of Efficacy and Safety in Wet AMD (VIEW) 1 and 2, comparing VEGF Trap-eye to ranibizumab demonstrated the noninferiority of this novel compound. The clinical equivalence of this compound against ranibizumab is maintained even when the injections are administered at 8-week intervals, which indicates the potential to reduce the risk of monthly intravitreal injections and the burden of monthly monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Semeraro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Specialties and Public Health, Ophthalmology Clinic, University of Brescia, Piazzale Spedali Civili 1, Brescia, Italy.
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Jin J, Yuan F, Shen MQ, Feng YF, He QL. Vascular endothelial growth factor regulates primate choroid-retinal endothelial cell proliferation and tube formation through PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK dependent signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 381:267-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1710-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 05/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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